Journal ArticleDOI
Subpopulations of GABA neurons containing somatostatin, neuropeptide Y, and parvalbumin in the dorsomedial cortex of the lizard Psammodromus algirus.
TLDR
In this paper, different sub-populations of GABA neurons containing the neuropeptides somatostatin and pyramidal neurons, and the calcium binding protein parvalbumin were studied by immunocytochemistry using light and electron microscopy in the dorsomedial cortex of the lizard Psammodromus algirus.Abstract:
Different subpopulations of GABA neurons containing the neuropeptides somatostatin and neuropeptide Y, and the calcium binding protein parvalbumin were studied by immunocytochemistry using light and electron microscopy in the dorsomedial cortex of the lizard Psammodromus algirus to investigate the connectivity of different subsets of GABA neurons in the lizard dorsomedial cortical circuitry and to compare cortical regions of reptiles and mammals. GABA neurons were classified into different subsets by using the peroxidase anti-peroxidase immunohistochemical method on adjacent Araldite-embedded semithin sections. GABA neurons in the dorsomedial cortex fall into three major subsets: (1) neurons with somatostatin (and neuropeptide Y), which accounted for about 44% of the GABA population; (2) neurons with parvalbumin, which accounted for about 13% of the GABA neurons; and (3) neurons without parvalbumin or neuropeptides, which represented 40% of all GABA cells. This division of GABA neurons in non-overlapping subpopulations of neuropeptide- and parvalbumin-containing cells is similar to that found in the mammalian hippocampal formation. On the basis of the nerve terminal fields, somatostatin- and parvalbumin-immunoreactive neuronal populations appear to be functionally different, acting on different portions of the projection neurons. Parvalbumin-immunoreactive neurons inhibit the pyramidal neurons at the cell body level, whereas somatostatin-immunoreactive neurons inhibit them on distal dendrites. The results of the present study add more similarities between the lizard dorsomedial cortex and parts of the mammalian hippocampus. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.read more
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Expression of the genes GAD67 and Distal-less-4 in the forebrain of Xenopus laevis confirms a common pattern in tetrapods.
TL;DR: The close correlation in the expression of both genes in rostral forebrain regions supported the notion that Dll/Dlx are among the genes involved in the acquisition of the GABAergic phenotype.
Journal ArticleDOI
Expression of calcium-binding proteins in the diencephalon of the lizard Psammodromus algirus.
TL;DR: It is suggested that the middle and ventral tiers of the reptilian dorsal thalamus may be comparable to nonspecific or plurimodal posterior/intralaminar thalamic nuclei in mammals, on the basis of the calcium–binding protein expression patterns, as well as the hodological and embryological data in the literature.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dynamics and mechanics of social rank reversal
Cliff H. Summers,Gina L. Forster,Wayne J. Korzan,Michael J. Watt,Earl T. Larson,Øyvind Øverli,Øyvind Øverli,Erik Höglund,Erik Höglund,Patrick J. Ronan,Tangi R. Summers,Kenneth J. Renner,Neil Greenberg +12 more
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that social rank relationships are relatively stable, and although social signals influence aggression and rank, they are not as important as memory of an opponent, and that eyespots, aggression and corticosterone influence serotonin and N-methyl-D-aspartate systems in limbic structures involved in learning and memory.
Journal ArticleDOI
Relative medial and dorsal cortex volume in relation to foraging ecology in congeneric lizards.
TL;DR: The current anatomical results suggest that MC and DC size is related to active foraging in lizards and shows that it is possible for this relationship to occur in the absence of evidence for species differences in spatial memory.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
GABA-containing neurons in the septum control inhibitory interneurons in the hippocampus.
TL;DR: It is shown that GABA-containing afferents originating in the septum innervate most of the GABA- containing interneurons in the hippocampus, making many synaptic contacts with each of them.
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Parvalbumin in most gamma-aminobutyric acid-containing neurons of the rat cerebral cortex.
TL;DR: With semithin frozen sections, it is possible to demonstrate that most GABA neurons in the rat somatosensory cortex contain the calcium-binding protein parValbumin and that parvalbumin is found virtually only in GABA neurons.
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Different populations of GABAergic neurons in the visual cortex and hippocampus of cat contain somatostatin- or cholecystokinin- immunoreactive material
TL;DR: The presence of CCK- and somatostatin-immunoreactive material in GABAergic cortical neurons raises the possibility that neuroactive peptides affect GABAergic neurotransmission.
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A note on the use of picric acid-paraformaldehyde-glutaraldehyde fixative for correlated light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry
TL;DR: The buffered picric acid paraformaldehyde fixative has been supplemented with glutaraldehyde and used as primary fixative for the perfusion of rat brains and it is suggested that the procedure may be useful for electron-microscopic sampling of immunoreactive structures occurring infrequently over a large area or for the electron- microscopically classified neurons.
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GABAergic neurons containing the Ca2+-binding protein parvalbumin in the rat hippocampus and dentate gyrus
TL;DR: The distribution of Ca2+-binding protein, parvalbumin (PV), containing neurons and their colocalization with glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) were studied in the rat hippocampus and dentate gyrus using immunohistochemistry.