Book ChapterDOI
The Class III Protein Deacetylases
Bjoern Schwer,Brian J. North,Nidhi Ahuja,Brett Marshall,Eric Verdin +4 more
- pp 237-268
TLDR
This review focuses on the diverse sub-cellular distribution, substrate specificity, and cellular functions of sirtUins with particular emphasis on the biology of mammalian sirtuins.Abstract:
Sirtuins are NAD-dependent protein deacetylases found in organisms ranging from bacteria to humans that share sequence homology with the yeast transcriptional regulator Sir2. In eukaryotes, sirtuins regulate The first two authors contributed equally to this review. transcriptional repression, recombination, cell cycle division, microtubule organization, and cellular responses to DNA-damaging agents. Sir2 proteins have also been implicated in regulating the molecular mechanisms of aging. Eukaryotic sirtuins contain a core catalytic domain and variable amino- and carboxyl-terminal extensions that regulate their subcellular localizations and catalytic activity. This review focuses on the diverse sub-cellular distribution, substrate specificity, and cellular functions of sirtuins with particular emphasis on the biology of mammalian sirtuins.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal Article
Three Mutants That Extend Both Mean and Maximum Life Span of the Nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, Define the age-1 Gene
TL;DR: Three of four mutant strains studied in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans contain recessive mutations that significantly lengthen life; MK542 and MK546 consistently fail to complement the long life phenotype of age-1 and are therefore allelic.
Journal Article
MEC1-dependent redistribution of the Sir3 silencing protein from telomeres to DNA double-strand breaks
TL;DR: The yeast Sir2/3/4p complex is found in abundance at telomeres, where it participates in the formation of silent heterochromatin and telomere maintenance as mentioned in this paper.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Overweight, obesity, and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of U.S. adults.
TL;DR: Current patterns of overweight and obesity in the United States could account for 14 percent of all deaths from cancer in men and 20 percent of those in women, and increased body weight was associated with increased death rates for all cancers combined and for cancers at multiple specific sites.
Journal ArticleDOI
THE NF-κB AND IκB PROTEINS: New Discoveries and Insights
TL;DR: The transcription factor NF-κB has attracted widespread attention among researchers in many fields based on its unusual and rapid regulation, the wide range of genes that it controls, its central role in immunological processes, the complexity of its subunits, and its apparent involvement in several diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Small molecule activators of sirtuins extend Saccharomyces cerevisiae lifespan
Konrad T. Howitz,Kevin J. Bitterman,Haim Y. Cohen,Dudley W. Lamming,Siva Lavu,Jason G. Wood,Robert E. Zipkin,Phuong Chung,Anne Kisielewski,Li-Li Zhang,Brandy Scherer,David A. Sinclair +11 more
TL;DR: The potent activator resveratrol, a polyphenol found in red wine, lowers the Michaelis constant of SIRT1 for both the acetylated substrate and NAD+, and increases cell survival by stimulating Sirt1-dependent deacetylation of p53.
Journal ArticleDOI
Transcriptional silencing and longevity protein Sir2 is an NAD-dependent histone deacetylase
TL;DR: The analysis of two SIR2 mutations supports the idea that this deacetylase activity accounts for silencing, recombination suppression and extension of life span in vivo, and provides a molecular framework of NAD-dependent histone de acetylation that connects metabolism, genomic silencing and ageing in yeast and, perhaps, in higher eukaryotes.
Journal ArticleDOI
A C. elegans mutant that lives twice as long as wild type
TL;DR: Finding that mutations in the gene daf-2 can cause fertile, active, adult Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodites to live more than twice as long as wild type raises the possibility that the longevity of the dauer is not simply a consequence of its arrested growth, but instead results from a regulated lifespan extension mechanism that can be uncoupled from other aspects of dauer formation.