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The dynamics of sensorimotor cortical oscillations during the observation of hand movements: an EEG study

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TLDR
The authors' data show that the observation of motor acts determines a modulation of cortical rhythm analogous to that occurring during motor act execution, and provides strong evidence for the presence in humans of a mechanism (mirror mechanism) mapping action observation on action execution motor programs.
Abstract
Background The observation of action done by others determines a desynchronization of the rhythms recorded from cortical central regions. Here, we examined whether the observation of different types of hand movements (target directed, non-target directed, cyclic and non-cyclic) elicits different EEG cortical temporal patterns.

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Cortical Mechanisms Underlying the Organization of Goal-Directed Actions and Mirror Neuron-Based Action Understanding

TL;DR: A review of the anatomical and functional organization of the premotor and parietal areas of monkeys and humans shows that the parietal and frontal areas form circuits devoted to specific motor functions and how a specific neural mechanism is involved in understanding the action and intention of others.
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Interpreting EEG alpha activity

TL;DR: This review attempts to delineate EEG alpha-activity, its physical, molecular and morphological nature, and examines the following indices: (1) the individual alpha peak frequency; (2) activation magnitude; and (3) alpha "auto-rhythmicity" indices: which include intra-spindle amplitude variability, spindle length and steepness.
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Assessing human mirror activity with EEG Mu Rhythm: a meta-analysis

TL;DR: Changes in EEG mu activity provide a valid means for the study of human neural mirroring, and suggestions for improving the experimental and methodological approaches in using mu to study the human mirror system are offered.
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Neural mirroring mechanisms and imitation in human infants

TL;DR: Neuroscience research in relation to developmental psychological theory, particularly the ‘Like-Me’ framework, is considered, which holds that one of the chief cognitive tasks of the human infant is to map the similarity between self and other.
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The Infant EEG Mu Rhythm: Methodological Considerations and Best Practices.

TL;DR: The present manuscript provides a review of the infant mu rhythm literature while focusing on current methodological problems that impede between study comparisons, and proposes guidelines that will promote rigorous infant mu Rhythm research and facilitate between study compared.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh inventory

TL;DR: An inventory of 20 items with a set of instructions and response- and computational-conventions is proposed and the results obtained from a young adult population numbering some 1100 individuals are reported.
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EEGLAB: an open source toolbox for analysis of single-trial EEG dynamics including independent component analysis.

TL;DR: EELAB as mentioned in this paper is a toolbox and graphic user interface for processing collections of single-trial and/or averaged EEG data of any number of channels, including EEG data, channel and event information importing, data visualization (scrolling, scalp map and dipole model plotting, plus multi-trial ERP-image plots), preprocessing (including artifact rejection, filtering, epoch selection, and averaging), Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and time/frequency decomposition including channel and component cross-coherence supported by bootstrap statistical methods based on data resampling.
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Event-related EEG/MEG synchronization and desynchronization: basic principles.

TL;DR: Quantification of ERD/ERS in time and space is demonstrated on data from a number of movement experiments, whereby either the same or different locations on the scalp can display ERD and ERS simultaneously.
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On methods in the analysis of profile data.

TL;DR: In this article, an approximate procedure based on classical analysis of variance is presented, including an adjustment to the degrees of freedom resulting in conservative F tests, which can be applied to the case where the variance covariance matrices differ from group to group.
Journal ArticleDOI

Action recognition in the premotor cortex

TL;DR: It is proposed that mirror neurons form a system for matching observation and execution of motor actions, similar to that of mirror neurons exists in humans and could be involved in recognition of actions as well as phonetic gestures.
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