The Emotiv EPOC neuroheadset: an inexpensive method of controlling assistive technologies using facial expressions and thoughts?

TLDR: The EPOC neuroheadset is a commercially available device that allows game players to control a computer using their facial expressions or their thoughts and whether it has the potential to be used as an input for assistive technology (AT) devices is examined.

Abstract: The EPOC neuroheadset is a commercially available device that allows game players to control a computer using their facial expressions or their thoughts. This paper aims to examine whether it has the potential to be used as an input for assistive technology (AT) devices. Two experiments were conducted. In the first, 12 non-impaired subjects used the neuroheadset to control a computer with their facial expressions. They also used a simple system of two head switches for comparison. In the second experiment, three non-impaired subjects were trained to use the neuroheadset to control a computer with their thoughts. In the first experiment, the neuroheadset was slower and less accurate than the head switches (p<0.05), and was also harder to use. It is unlikely to be preferred to existing methods of accessing AT for those that retain a small amount of head movement. In the second experiment, by the end of the week, all three subjects achieved accuracy rates greater than chance. All subjects were non-impaired, and the sample size in the second experiment was small. Further research should concentrate on the second experiment, using larger sample sizes and impaired subjects. The EPOC neuroheadset is substantially cheaper than similar specialist devices, and has the potential to allow those with no voluntary muscle control to access AT with their thoughts. The results of these two experiments show that the Emotiv EPOC neuroheadset can be used as an interface for non-impaired users to transfer information to a computer, which could in turn be used to control AT.