The Fornax Deep Survey with VST. IX. Catalog of sources in the FDS area with an example study for globular clusters and background galaxies
Michele Cantiello,Aku Venhola,Aniello Grado,Maurizio Paolillo,Raffaele D'Abrusco,Gabriella Raimondo,Massimo Quintini,Michael Hilker,Steffen Mieske,Crescenzo Tortora,Marilena Spavone,Massimo Capaccioli,Enrica Iodice,Enrica Iodice,Reynier Peletier,Jesus Falcon Barroso,Luca Limatola,Nicola R. Napolitano,Nicola R. Napolitano,Pietro Schipani,Glenn van de Ven,Fabrizio Gentile,Giovanni Covone +22 more
TLDR
In this article, the authors presented the catalogs of compact stellar systems in the Fornax cluster, as well as extended background sources and point-like sources and derived ugri photometry of ∼1.7 million sources over the ∼21 square degree area of FDS centered on the bright central galaxy NGC 1399.Abstract:
Context. A possible pathway for understanding the events and the mechanisms involved in galaxy formation and evolution is an in-depth investigation of the galactic and inter-galactic fossil sub-structures with long dynamical timescales: stars in the field and in stellar clusters. Aims: This paper continues the Fornax Deep Survey (FDS) series. Following previous studies dedicated to extended Fornax cluster members, we present the catalogs of compact stellar systems in the Fornax cluster, as well as extended background sources and point-like sources. Methods: We derived ugri photometry of ∼1.7 million sources over the ∼21 square degree area of FDS centered on the bright central galaxy NGC 1399. For a wider area, of ∼27 square degrees extending in the direction of NGC 1316, we provided gri photometry for ∼3.1 million sources. To improve the morphological characterization of sources, we generated multi-band image stacks by coadding the best-seeing gri-band single exposures with a cut at full width at half maximum (FWHM) ≤ 0.″9. We used the multi-band stacks as master detection frames, with a FWHM improved by ∼15% and a FWHM variability from field to field reduced by a factor of ∼2.5 compared to the pass-band with the best FWHM, namely the r-band. The identification of compact sources, in particular, globular clusters (GC), was obtained from a combination of photometric (e.g., colors, magnitudes) and morphometric (e.g., concentration index, elongation, effective radius) selection criteria, also taking as reference the properties of sources with well-defined classifications from spectroscopic or high-resolution imaging data. Results: Using the FDS catalogs, we present a preliminary analysis of GC distributions in the Fornax area. The study confirms and extends further previous results that were limited to a smaller survey area. We observed the inter-galactic population of GCs, a population of mainly blue GCs centered on NGC 1399, extending over ∼0.9 Mpc, with an ellipticity ɛ ∼ 0.65 and a small tilt in the direction of NGC 1336. Several sub-structures extend over ∼0.5 Mpc along various directions. Two of these structures do not cross any bright galaxy; one of them appears to be connected to NGC 1404, a bright galaxy close to the cluster core and particularly poor in GCs. Using the gri catalogs, we analyze the GC distribution over the extended FDS area and do not find any obvious GC sub-structure bridging the two brightest cluster galaxies, namely, NGC 1316 and NGC 1399. Although NGC 1316 is more than twice as bright of NGC 1399 in optical bands, using gri data, we estimate a GC population that is richer by a factor of ∼3-4 around NGC 1399, as compared to NGC 1316, out to galactocentric distances of ∼40' or ∼230 kpc. Full Tables 3-6 are only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/639/A136read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The first detection of ultra-diffuse galaxies in the Hydra I cluster from VEGAS survey
Enrica Iodice,M. Cantiello,Michael Hilker,Marina Rejkuba,M. Arnaboldi,Marilena Spavone,Laura Greggio,Duncan A. Forbes,Giuseppe D'Ago,S. Mieske,Chiara Spiniello,A. La Marca,Roberto Rampazzo,Maurizio Paolillo,M. Capaccioli,Pietro Schipani +15 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report the discovery of 27 low-surface brightness galaxies, of which 12 are candidate ultra-diffuse galaxy (UDG) in the Hydra I cluster, based on deep observations taken as part of the VST Early-type Galaxy Survey (VEGAS).
Journal ArticleDOI
The first detection of ultra-diffuse galaxies in the Hydra I cluster from the VEGAS survey
Enrichetta Iodice,Enrichetta Iodice,Michele Cantiello,Michael Hilker,Marina Rejkuba,Magda Arnaboldi,Marilena Spavone,Laura Greggio,Duncan A. Forbes,Giuseppe D'Ago,Steffen Mieske,Chiara Spiniello,Chiara Spiniello,A. La Marca,Roberto Rampazzo,Maurizio Paolillo,Maurizio Paolillo,Massimo Capaccioli,Massimo Capaccioli,Pietro Schipani +19 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report the discovery of 27 low-surface brightness galaxies, of which 12 are candidates for ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDG) in the Hydra I cluster, based on deep observations taken as part of the VST Early-type Galaxy Survey (VEGAS).
Journal ArticleDOI
On the Origin and Evolution of the Intra-Cluster Light: A Brief Review of the Most Recent Developments
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the mechanisms responsible for its formation and evolution, considering the large contribution given to the topic in the last decades by both the theoretical and observational sides, and give an overview of the most recent works that take advantage of the ICL as a luminous tracer of the dark matter distribution in galaxy groups and clusters.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Fornax Cluster VLT Spectroscopic Survey
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors used the VLT/VIMOS spectroscopic data from the FVSS survey in the Fornax cluster, covering one square degree around the central massive galaxy NGC 1399.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Fornax Deep Survey (FDS) with the VST: III. Low Surface Brightness (LSB) dwarfs and Ultra Diffuse Galaxies (UDGs) in the center of the Fornax cluster
Aku Venhola,Reynier Peletier,Eija Laurikainen,H. Salo,Thorsten Lisker,Enrichetta Iodice,Massimo Capaccioli,G. A. Verdoes Kleijn,Edwin A. Valentijn,Steffen Mieske,M. Hilker,C. Wittman,G. Van de Venn,Aniello Grado,Marilena Spavone,Michele Cantiello,Nicola R. Napolitano,Maurizio Paolillo,Jesús Falcón-Barroso +18 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a 2D Sersic model fitting with GALFIT was used to classify low surface brightness (LSB) galaxies in nearby clusters and analyzed their distribution and orientations in the cluster, and studied their colors.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Fornax Deep Survey with VST. III. Low surface brightness dwarfs and ultra diffuse galaxies in the center of the Fornax cluster
Aku Venhola,Aku Venhola,Reynier Peletier,Eija Laurikainen,Heikki Salo,Thorsten Lisker,Enrichetta Iodice,Massimo Capaccioli,Gijs Verdois Kleijn,Edwin A. Valentijn,Steffen Mieske,M. Hilker,Carolin Wittmann,Glenn van de Ven,A. Grado,Marilena Spavone,Michele Cantiello,Nicola R. Napolitano,Maurizio Paolillo,Maurizio Paolillo,Jesús Falcón-Barroso,Jesús Falcón-Barroso +21 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a 2D Sersic model fitting with GALFIT was used to identify low surface brightness (LSB) galaxies in the Fornax Deep Survey (FDS) images.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fornax compact object survey FCOS: On the nature of Ultra Compact Dwarf galaxies
TL;DR: The results of the Fornax Compact Object Survey (FCOS) as discussed by the authors are presented, complementing the first part of the FCOS described in Mieske et al. [CITE]).
Journal ArticleDOI
New Optical and Near-Infrared Surface Brightness Fluctuation Models. II. Young and Intermediate-Age Stellar Populations
TL;DR: In this article, the surface brightness fluctuation (SBF) amplitudes for single-burst stellar populations of young and intermediate age (25 Myr ≤ t ≤ 5 Gyr) and metallicities Z = 0.0003, 0.001,0.004, 0.,008, 0,01,0,02, and 0.04 were derived for 11 Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) star-rich clusters using Hubble Space Telescope observations.
Journal ArticleDOI
New Optical and Near-Infrared Surface Brightness Fluctuations Models. II. Young and Intermediate Age Stellar Populations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented theoretical surface-brightness fluctuations (SBF) amplitudes for single-burst stellar populations of young and intermediate age for the Magellanic Cloud (LMC) star clusters.
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