The Fornax Deep Survey with VST. IX. Catalog of sources in the FDS area with an example study for globular clusters and background galaxies
Michele Cantiello,Aku Venhola,Aniello Grado,Maurizio Paolillo,Raffaele D'Abrusco,Gabriella Raimondo,Massimo Quintini,Michael Hilker,Steffen Mieske,Crescenzo Tortora,Marilena Spavone,Massimo Capaccioli,Enrica Iodice,Enrica Iodice,Reynier Peletier,Jesus Falcon Barroso,Luca Limatola,Nicola R. Napolitano,Nicola R. Napolitano,Pietro Schipani,Glenn van de Ven,Fabrizio Gentile,Giovanni Covone +22 more
TLDR
In this article, the authors presented the catalogs of compact stellar systems in the Fornax cluster, as well as extended background sources and point-like sources and derived ugri photometry of ∼1.7 million sources over the ∼21 square degree area of FDS centered on the bright central galaxy NGC 1399.Abstract:
Context. A possible pathway for understanding the events and the mechanisms involved in galaxy formation and evolution is an in-depth investigation of the galactic and inter-galactic fossil sub-structures with long dynamical timescales: stars in the field and in stellar clusters. Aims: This paper continues the Fornax Deep Survey (FDS) series. Following previous studies dedicated to extended Fornax cluster members, we present the catalogs of compact stellar systems in the Fornax cluster, as well as extended background sources and point-like sources. Methods: We derived ugri photometry of ∼1.7 million sources over the ∼21 square degree area of FDS centered on the bright central galaxy NGC 1399. For a wider area, of ∼27 square degrees extending in the direction of NGC 1316, we provided gri photometry for ∼3.1 million sources. To improve the morphological characterization of sources, we generated multi-band image stacks by coadding the best-seeing gri-band single exposures with a cut at full width at half maximum (FWHM) ≤ 0.″9. We used the multi-band stacks as master detection frames, with a FWHM improved by ∼15% and a FWHM variability from field to field reduced by a factor of ∼2.5 compared to the pass-band with the best FWHM, namely the r-band. The identification of compact sources, in particular, globular clusters (GC), was obtained from a combination of photometric (e.g., colors, magnitudes) and morphometric (e.g., concentration index, elongation, effective radius) selection criteria, also taking as reference the properties of sources with well-defined classifications from spectroscopic or high-resolution imaging data. Results: Using the FDS catalogs, we present a preliminary analysis of GC distributions in the Fornax area. The study confirms and extends further previous results that were limited to a smaller survey area. We observed the inter-galactic population of GCs, a population of mainly blue GCs centered on NGC 1399, extending over ∼0.9 Mpc, with an ellipticity ɛ ∼ 0.65 and a small tilt in the direction of NGC 1336. Several sub-structures extend over ∼0.5 Mpc along various directions. Two of these structures do not cross any bright galaxy; one of them appears to be connected to NGC 1404, a bright galaxy close to the cluster core and particularly poor in GCs. Using the gri catalogs, we analyze the GC distribution over the extended FDS area and do not find any obvious GC sub-structure bridging the two brightest cluster galaxies, namely, NGC 1316 and NGC 1399. Although NGC 1316 is more than twice as bright of NGC 1399 in optical bands, using gri data, we estimate a GC population that is richer by a factor of ∼3-4 around NGC 1399, as compared to NGC 1316, out to galactocentric distances of ∼40' or ∼230 kpc. Full Tables 3-6 are only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/639/A136read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The first detection of ultra-diffuse galaxies in the Hydra I cluster from VEGAS survey
Enrica Iodice,M. Cantiello,Michael Hilker,Marina Rejkuba,M. Arnaboldi,Marilena Spavone,Laura Greggio,Duncan A. Forbes,Giuseppe D'Ago,S. Mieske,Chiara Spiniello,A. La Marca,Roberto Rampazzo,Maurizio Paolillo,M. Capaccioli,Pietro Schipani +15 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report the discovery of 27 low-surface brightness galaxies, of which 12 are candidate ultra-diffuse galaxy (UDG) in the Hydra I cluster, based on deep observations taken as part of the VST Early-type Galaxy Survey (VEGAS).
Journal ArticleDOI
The first detection of ultra-diffuse galaxies in the Hydra I cluster from the VEGAS survey
Enrichetta Iodice,Enrichetta Iodice,Michele Cantiello,Michael Hilker,Marina Rejkuba,Magda Arnaboldi,Marilena Spavone,Laura Greggio,Duncan A. Forbes,Giuseppe D'Ago,Steffen Mieske,Chiara Spiniello,Chiara Spiniello,A. La Marca,Roberto Rampazzo,Maurizio Paolillo,Maurizio Paolillo,Massimo Capaccioli,Massimo Capaccioli,Pietro Schipani +19 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report the discovery of 27 low-surface brightness galaxies, of which 12 are candidates for ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDG) in the Hydra I cluster, based on deep observations taken as part of the VST Early-type Galaxy Survey (VEGAS).
Journal ArticleDOI
On the Origin and Evolution of the Intra-Cluster Light: A Brief Review of the Most Recent Developments
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the mechanisms responsible for its formation and evolution, considering the large contribution given to the topic in the last decades by both the theoretical and observational sides, and give an overview of the most recent works that take advantage of the ICL as a luminous tracer of the dark matter distribution in galaxy groups and clusters.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Fornax Cluster VLT Spectroscopic Survey
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors used the VLT/VIMOS spectroscopic data from the FVSS survey in the Fornax cluster, covering one square degree around the central massive galaxy NGC 1399.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The nature of UCDs: Internal dynamics from an expanded sample and homogeneous database
Steffen Mieske,Michael Hilker,Andrés Jordán,Andrés Jordán,Leopoldo Infante,Markus Kissler-Patig,Marina Rejkuba,Tom Richtler,Patrick Côté,Holger Baumgardt,Michael J. West,Laura Ferrarese,Eric W. Peng +12 more
TL;DR: The internal dynamics of ultra-compact dwarf galaxies (UCDs) has attracted increasing attention, with most of the UCDs studied to date located in the Virgo cluster as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Explaining the color distributions of globular cluster systems in elliptical galaxies.
TL;DR: It is found that a coeval group of old clusters with a unimodal metallicity spread can exhibit color bimodality, and this scenario gives simple and cohesive explanations for all the key observations and could simplify theories of elliptical galaxy formation.
Journal ArticleDOI
The third data release of the Kilo-Degree Survey and associated data products
J. T. A. de Jong,G. A. Verdoes Kleijn,Thomas Erben,Hendrik Hildebrandt,Konrad Kuijken,Gert Sikkema,Massimo Brescia,Maciej Bilicki,Nicola R. Napolitano,V. Amaro,Kornelis Begeman,Danny Boxhoorn,H. Buddelmeijer,Stefano Cavuoti,Fedor Getman,A. Grado,E. Helmich,Zhuoyi Huang,N. Irisarri,F. La Barbera,Giuseppe Longo,John McFarland,R. Nakajima,Maurizio Paolillo,E. Puddu,M. Radovich,A. Rifatto,Crescenzo Tortora,Edwin A. Valentijn,Civita Vellucci,W.-J. Vriend,Alexandra Amon,C. Blake,Ami Choi,I. Fenech Conti,R. Herbonnet,Catherine Heymans,Henk Hoekstra,Dominik Klaes,Julian Merten,Lance Miller,Peter Schneider,M. Viola +42 more
TL;DR: The Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS) as mentioned in this paper is an ongoing optical wide-field imaging survey with the OmegaCAM camera at the VLT Survey Telescope.
Journal ArticleDOI
The acs fornax cluster survey. viii. the luminosity function of globular clusters in virgo and fornax early-type galaxies and its use as a distance indicator*
Daniela Villegas,Andrés Jordán,Andrés Jordán,Eric W. Peng,John P. Blakeslee,Patrick Côté,Laura Ferrarese,Markus Kissler-Patig,Simona Mei,Simona Mei,Leopoldo Infante,John L. Tonry,Michael J. West +12 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a highly homogeneous set of data from 132 early-type galaxies in the Virgo and Fornax clusters in order to study the properties of the globular cluster luminosity function (GCLF).
Journal ArticleDOI
The Fornax Deep Survey with VST. I. The Extended and Diffuse Stellar Halo of NGC 1399 out to 192 kpc
E. Iodice,Massimo Capaccioli,Aniello Grado,Luca Limatola,Marilena Spavone,Nicola R. Napolitano,Maurizio Paolillo,Maurizio Paolillo,Maurizio Paolillo,Reynier Peletier,Michele Cantiello,Thorsten Lisker,Carolin Wittmann,Aku Venhola,Michael Hilker,Raffaele D'Abrusco,Vincenzo Pota,Pietro Schipani +17 more
TL;DR: In this article, the Fornax Deep Survey (FDS) at the VLT Survey Telescope (VST) was used to detect a faint stellar bridge in the intracluster region on the west side of NGC 1399 in the core of the cluster.
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