Journal ArticleDOI
The frictional properties of a simulated gouge having a fractal particle distribution
TLDR
In this paper, the authors measured the frictional properties of a layer of simulated Westerly granite fault gouge sandwiched between sliding blocks of Westerly granite, and observed that the gouges which were initially non-fractal evolved to a fractal distribution with dimension 2.6.About:
This article is published in Journal of Structural Geology.The article was published on 1989-01-01. It has received 294 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Fault gouge & Surface roughness.read more
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Laboratory-derived friction laws and their application to seismic faulting
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the relationship between friction and the properties of earthquake faults is presented, as well as an interpretation of the friction state variable, including its interpretation as a measure of average asperity contact time and porosity within granular fault gouge.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biodiversity inventories, indicator taxa and effects of habitat modification in tropical forest
John H. Lawton,David E. Bignell,B. Bolton,G. F. Bloemers,G. F. Bloemers,G. F. Bloemers,Paul Eggleton,Peter Hammond,Mike Hodda,Mike Hodda,Robert D. Holt,T. B. Larsen,N. A. Mawdsley,N. A. Mawdsley,N. A. Mawdsley,Nigel E. Stork,Nigel E. Stork,Diane S. Srivastava,Diane S. Srivastava,Allan D. Watt +19 more
TL;DR: A gradient from near-primary, through old-growth secondary and plantation forests to complete clearance, for eight animal groups in the Mbalmayo Forest Reserve, south-central Cameroon is examined, indicating the huge scale of the biological effort required to provide inventories of tropical diversity, and to measure the impacts of tropical forest modification and clearance.
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Heating and weakening of faults during earthquake slip
TL;DR: In this article, the authors suggest that the most relevant weakening processes in large crustal events are thermal, and to involve thermal pressurization of pore fluid within and adjacent to the deforming fault core, which reduces the effective normal stress and hence also the shear strength for a given friction coefficient.
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Internal structure and weakening mechanisms of the San Andreas Fault
TL;DR: In this article, the internal structure of the San Gabriel fault and the Punchbowl fault are combined with previous characterizations of the SGF and PF to evaluate possible explanations for the low frictional strength and seismic characteristics.
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Spatio-temporal complexity of slip on a fault
TL;DR: In this article, a three-dimensional analysis of slip on a long vertical strike-slip fault between steadily driven elastic crustal blocks is presented, where the dynamics of the system are taken either as uniform along-strike at every depth or as perturbed modestly from uniformity.
References
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Slip instability and state variable friction laws
TL;DR: In this paper, the dependence of the friction force on slip history is described by an experimentally motivated constitutive law where the friction forces are dependent on slip rate and state variables.
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Modeling of rock friction: 1. Experimental results and constitutive equations
TL;DR: In this paper, it is shown that the strength of the population of points of contacts between sliding surfaces determines frictional strength and that the number of contacts changes continuously with displacements.
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The stress-dilatancy relation for static equilibrium of an assembly of particles in contact
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the relationship between the rate of dilatancy and the maximum stress ratio for any ideal packing and showed that the Mohr-Coulomb criterion of failure is strictly applicable to a continuum and does not have general application to a discontinuous assembly of particles.
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Time-dependent friction and the mechanics of stick-slip
TL;DR: In this paper, a theory of friction is proposed that establishes a common basis for static and sliding friction, and experimental observations establish the transition from stable sliding to stick-slip to be a function of normal stress, stiffness and surface finish.
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Similarities between Shear Zones of Different Magnitudes
TL;DR: In this article, an examination of the formation and development of shear zone structures on microscopic scale in the shear box test, intermediate scale in Riedel experiment, and regional scale in earthquake fault is made.