Journal ArticleDOI
Thermal effect of the sea breeze on the structure of the boundary layer and the heat budget over land
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In this paper, the authors investigated the daytime boundary-layer heating process and the air-land heat budget over the coastal sea-breeze region by means of observations over the Sendai plain in Japan during the summer.Abstract:
The daytime boundary-layer heating process and the air-land heat budget were investigated over the coastal sea-breeze region by means of observations over the Sendai plain in Japan during the summer In this area, the onset of the sea breeze begins at the coast around 0900 LST, intruding about 35 km inland by late afternoon The cold sea breeze creates a temperature difference of over 10°C between the coastal and inland areas in the afternoon On the other hand, warm air advection due to the combination of the counter-sea breeze and land-to-sea synoptic wind occurs in the layer above the cold sea breeze in the coastal region Owing to this local warm air advection, there is no significant difference in the daytime heating rate over the entire atmospheric boundary layer between the coastal and inland areas The sensible heat flux from the land surface gradually decreases as distance from the coastline increases, being mainly attributed to the cold sea breeze The daytime mean cold air advection due to the sea breeze is estimated asQ
adv
local
=−29 W m−2 averaged over the sea breeze region (0∼35 km from the coastline) This value is 17% of the surface sensible heat fluxH over the same region The results of a two-dimensional numerical model show that the value ofQ
adv
local
/H is strongly affected by the upper-level synoptic wind direction The absolute value ofQ
adv
local
/H becomes smaller when the synoptic wind has the opposite direction of the sea breeze This condition occurred during the observations used in the present studyread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Sea and Lake Breezes: A Review of Numerical Studies
Erik T. Crosman,John D. Horel +1 more
TL;DR: Numerical studies of sea and lake breezes are reviewed in this paper, with a brief history of numerical modelling, an overview of recent high-resolution simulations, and suggestions for future research related to sea- and lake-breezes are also presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Increasing canopy photosynthesis in rice can be achieved without a large increase in water use–a model based on free-air CO2 enrichment
Hiroki Ikawa,Charles P. Chen,M. Sikma,Mayumi Yoshimoto,Hidemitsu Sakai,Takeshi Tokida,Yasuhiro Usui,Hirofumi Nakamura,Keisuke Ono,Atsushi Maruyama,Tsutomu Watanabe,Tsuneo Kuwagata,Toshihiro Hasegawa +12 more
TL;DR: Model simulations indicate that lowland rice varieties characterized by high-stomatal conductance can play a key role in enhancing productivity and moderating heat-induced damage to grain quality in the coming decades, without significantly increasing crop water use.
Journal ArticleDOI
A modelling investigation into lake-breeze development and convection triggering in the Nam Co Lake basin, Tibetan Plateau
Tobias Gerken,Tobias Gerken,Tobias Biermann,Wolfgang Babel,Michael Herzog,Yaoming Ma,Thomas Foken,Hans Fi Graf +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the cloud resolving Active Tracer High-resolution Atmospheric Model coupled with the interactive surface model Hybrid in order to investigate the diurnal development of a lake-breeze system at the Nam Co Lake on the Tibetan Plateau.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of land use changes on local meteorological conditions in Jakarta, Indonesia: toward the evaluation of the thermal environment of megacities in Asia
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of land use change in the area of Jakarta on the local climate was investigated using a mesoscale meteorological model and the model was run to simulate the meteorological field over the city for the dry season.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evolution of the atmospheric boundary-layer structure of an arid Andes Valley
TL;DR: In this article, the boundary layer structure of the Elqui valley is investigated, which is situated in the arid north of Chile and extends from the Pacific Ocean in the west to the Andes in the east.
References
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George L. Mellor,Tetsuji Yamada +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider simplification based on the observation that the parameters governing the degree of anisotropy are small, and propose a simplification approach for the problem of a planetary boundary layer subject to a diurnally varying surface heat flux or surface temperature.
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Numerical Experiments on the Computation of Ground Surface Temperature in an Atmospheric General Circulation Model
TL;DR: In this paper, the Rand two-level general circulation model has been integrated to compute ground surface (bare land) temperature by solving: 1) the interface heat balance equation without soil heat flux; 2) a prognostic equation which includes the heat capacity of the soil as well as an explicit formulation for soil heat flow.
Journal ArticleDOI
The effects of land-use and anthropogenic heating on the surface temperature in the Tokyo Metropolitan area: A numerical experiment☆
Fujio Kimura,Shunji Takahashi +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of land-use and anthropogenically produced heat on the surface air temperature in Tokyo metropolitan area were investigated under typical summer synoptic conditions, and the model is based on the three-dimensional Boussinesq equations, taking into account the hydrostatic assumption.
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