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Journal ArticleDOI

Tourism-Receiving Countries in Connotative Google Space

TLDR
Visualizing the destination countries’ similarity in terms of Web-projected connotative profiles highlights one aspect of competitive threat.
Abstract
Emotion-carrying connotations are regarded as constituents of destination images. The connotative word items symptomatically associated with country names are likely to influence the emotional state and hence arousal level of Web users when browsing through tourism-related pages. The co-occurrence frequencies of connotative nouns and tourism-receiving country names in Web content serve as a basis for portraying the countries’ positions in connotative space. Transforming the raw frequencies into Normalized Google Distances makes them comparable. Automated data retrieval operates for the Web domain defined by “tourism OR tourist OR travel OR trip.” Visualizing the destination countries’ similarity in terms of Web-projected connotative profiles highlights one aspect of competitive threat. It is demonstrated with disjunctive and nondisjunctive hierarchical clustering, network analysis, and Sammon mapping.

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The measurement of meaning

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Analyzing destination branding and image from online sources: a web content mining approach.

TL;DR: This study presents an automated web content mining approach and demonstrates how to extract destination brand identity and image through web contentmining.
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Validly Measuring Destination Image in Survey Studies

TL;DR: In this article, a large-scale experimental study showed that a forced-choice full binary format (where respondents have to tick “yes” and “no” for each destination-attribute combination) performs better than both current preferred formats in academic and applied studies.
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Do Marketers Use Visual Representations of Destinations That Tourists Value? Comparing Visitors’ Image of a Destination with Marketer-Controlled Images Online

TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored visitors' image of a destination using online visitor-generated photography and compared the findings with images of the same destination that marketers create and control on the Internet, and found that visitors' holistic image encompasses notions of Taiwanese uniqueness, ancientness, and authenticity through their perceptions of the natural landscapes, traditional local cuisine, and culture.
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The antecedent role of online satisfaction, perceived risk online, and perceived website usability on the affect towards travel destinations

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore whether consumer satisfaction during online browsing, consumer risk perception online, and perceived usability of the travel website can predict consumers' affect towards a travel destination, while a regression model was employed to explore the predictive power of these constructs on users' emotional response towards the target destination displayed on the website.
References
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Book

The Measurement of Meaning

TL;DR: In this article, the authors deal with the nature and theory of meaning and present a new, objective method for its measurement which they call the semantic differential, which can be adapted to a wide variety of problems in such areas as clinical psychology, social psychology, linguistics, mass communications, esthetics, and political science.
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Multidimensional scaling by optimizing goodness of fit to a nonmetric hypothesis

TL;DR: The fundamental hypothesis is that dissimilarities and distances are monotonically related, and a quantitative, intuitively satisfying measure of goodness of fit is defined to this hypothesis.
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Dimensions of Brand Personality

TL;DR: Although a considerable amount of research in personality psychology has been done to conceptualize human personality, identify the “Big Five” dimensions, and explore the meaning of each dimension,... as mentioned in this paper
Journal ArticleDOI

Dimensions of Brand Personality

TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a theoretical framework of the brand personality construct by determining the number and nature of dimensions of brand personality (Sincerity, Excitement, Competence, Sophistication, and Ruggedness).
Journal ArticleDOI

A Nonlinear Mapping for Data Structure Analysis

TL;DR: An algorithm for the analysis of multivariate data is presented along with some experimental results that is based upon a point mapping of N L-dimensional vectors from the L-space to a lower-dimensional space such that the inherent data "structure" is approximately preserved.
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