Ultraflexible vesicles, Transfersomes, have an extremely low pore penetration resistance and transport therapeutic amounts of insulin across the intact mammalian skin.
TLDR
The carrier-mediated transcutaneous insulin delivery is unlikely to involve shunts, lesions or other types of skin damage, and is inferred to be transported into the body between the intact skin cells with a bio-efficiency of at least 50% of the s.c. dose action.About:
This article is published in Biochimica et Biophysica Acta.The article was published on 1998-01-19 and is currently open access. It has received 505 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Transfersome & Liposome.read more
Citations
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Ethosomes — novel vesicular carriers for enhanced delivery: characterization and skin penetration properties
TL;DR: Experiments using fluorescent probes and ultracentrifugation showed that the ethosomes had a high entrapment capacity for molecules of various lyophilicities, including testosterone from an ethosomal patch was greater both in vitro and in vivo than from commercially available patches.
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Challenges and solutions for the delivery of biotech drugs--a review of drug nanocrystal technology and lipid nanoparticles.
TL;DR: The use of nanoparticulate carriers, developed in the research group, are described as one solution to overcome drug-associated delivery problems, i.e. drug nanocrystals, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) and lipid-drug conjugate (LDC) nanoparticles.
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Lipid vesicles and other colloids as drug carriers on the skin.
TL;DR: Sufficiently stable ultra-adaptable carriers, therefore, can ensure targeted drug delivery deep below the application site, and allow highly efficient and well-tolerated drug targeting into the skin proper by means of highly adaptable drug carriers.
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Structure of the skin barrier and its modulation by vesicular formulations.
TL;DR: In order to unravel the mechanisms involved in increasing the drug transport across the skin, information on the effect of vesicles on drug permeation rate, the permeation pathway and perturbations of the skin ultrastructure is of importance.
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Particle size of liposomes influences dermal delivery of substances into skin.
TL;DR: The results indicated that the CF penetration was inversely related to the size of the liposomes, which was confirmed by the data of the confocal laser scanning microscopy studies.
References
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Elastic Properties of Lipid Bilayers: Theory and Possible Experiments
TL;DR: A theory of the elasticity of lipid bilayers is proposed and it is argued that in the case of vesicles (= closed bilayer films) the only elasticity controlling nonspherical shapes is that of curvature.
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Vesicles of variable sizes produced by a rapid extrusion procedure
TL;DR: Freeze-fracture electron microscopy revealed that vesicles produced at very high lipid concentrations exhibit size distributions and extent of multilamellar character comparable to systems produced at lower lipid levels.
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Predicting skin permeability.
Russell O. Potts,Richard H. Guy +1 more
TL;DR: A facile interpretation of a considerable body of skin permeability measurements is presented that very adequately describes the dependence of Kp upon permeant size and lipophilicity, generates parameters of considerable physicochemical and mechanistic relevance, and implies that the SC lipids alone can fully characterize the barrier properties of mammalian skin.
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The conformation of membranes
TL;DR: Understanding of many aspects of their conformational behaviour, such as the preferred shapes and shape transformations of closed vesicles, and the shape fluctuations, random-surface configurations, and adhesion and unbinding of interacting membranes, has been improved through fruitful interactions between theory and experiment.
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Lipid vesicles penetrate into intact skin owing to the transdermal osmotic gradients and hydration force.
Gregor Cevc,Gabriele Blume +1 more
TL;DR: Osmotic gradient, for example, is sufficiently strong to push at least 0.5 mg of lipids per hour and cm2 through the skin permeability barrier in the region of stratum corneum, but does not contribute much to the lipid penetration into dermis.
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Lipid vesicles penetrate into intact skin owing to the transdermal osmotic gradients and hydration force.
Gregor Cevc,Gabriele Blume +1 more