Showing papers on "Benzaldehyde published in 1974"
TL;DR: In this article, it has been shown that the active species of MgO and CaO for the ester formation are the metal benzylates whose formation is facilitated by both the basic sites (O2−) and acidic sites (Me2+) on the surface.
92 citations
TL;DR: The (Z)- and (E)- isomers of dimethylaluminium 4,4-dimethylpent-2,en-2-olate, Me2AlOC(Me)CH-t-Bu, have been condensed with acetaldehyde and benzaldehyde as mentioned in this paper.
55 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the reaction of diisopropyl formamide with LiCON[CH(CH3)2]2 with lithium diisopsopropylamide produces, by abstraction of the formyl proton, the carbonyl anion, LiCON [CH3]2 ]2.
Abstract: The reaction of diisopropyl formamide with lithium diisopropylamide produces, by abstraction of the formyl proton, the carbonyl anion, LiCON[CH(CH3)2]2. Reactions of this anion with benzaldehyde, benzophenone, ethyl benzoate, acetone, and propionaldehyde occur in yields ranging from 30–92%. Thus, this anion provides a useful method for the synthesis of α-hydroxy and α-keto acids, particularly in cases where cyanohydrin formation is difficult.
45 citations
TL;DR: It is demonstrated unequivocally that the half-of-the-sites reactivity of alcohol dehydrogenase cannot be due to an interplay of rate constants and must rather be ascribed to a kinetic non-equivalence of the two subunits when active ternary complexes are being formed.
43 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that enol acetate reacts with various acetals and benzaldehyde to afford the corresponding aldol-type addition products in good yields in the presence of Lewis acid.
Abstract: It was found that, in the presence of Lewis acid such as TiCl4, AlCl3, SnCl4, ZnCl2, and BF3·O(C2H5)2, enol acetate reacts with various acetals and benzaldehyde to afford the corresponding aldol-type addition products in good yields.
38 citations
TL;DR: The triborylmethide ions, [(RO)2B]3C−, from the reaction of methyllithium with the methyl ester of methanetetraboronic acid, C[B(OMe)2]4, or the pinacol ester, C(BO2C2Me4)4, condense readily with ketones, R′2CO, to form alkene-1,1-diboronic esters, as mentioned in this paper.
37 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a threshold-electron-excitation (TEE) spectra for fluorobenzene, benzaldehyde, and benzoic acid is presented, discussed, and compared with photo absorption spectra.
Abstract: Threshold‐electron‐excitation (TEE) spectra for fluorobenzene, benzaldehyde, and benzoic acid are presented, discussed, and compared with photoabsorption spectra. The TEE spectra clearly indicate excitation of optically forbidden states. Short‐lived transient‐negative ions have been found to form at low energies (< 2 eV) for nine monosubstituted benzene derivatives. These arise from the quasitrapping of slow electrons in the two lowest unoccupied π orbitals of the benzene‐derivative molecules that, owing to the perturbation introduced by the substituent, are no longer degenerate as in benzene. The positions of these double compound‐negative‐ion resonant states are 1.27, 1.74; 0.61, 1.67; 0.55, 1.88; 0.4, 1.6; 1.30, 2.25; ?, 1.90; 0.66, 1.10; 0.71, 1.12; and 0.63, 1.33 eV for fluorobenzene, phenol, aniline, toluene, N‐methylaniline, anisole, thiophenol, benzaldehyde, and benzoic acid, respectively. These are discussed in terms of the net π‐charge transfer between the substituent and the benzene ring.
31 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a mechanism involving electron transfer from the amine to its reaction partner is proposed, which results in fragmentation of the alcohols to N-arylamines and benzaldehyde.
Abstract: U.v. irradiation of carbonyl and heterocyclic compounds and aromatic hydrocarbons in the presence of 2-(N-aryl)amino-1-phenylethanols results in fragmentation of the alcohols to N-arylamines and benzaldehyde: a mechanism involving electron transfer from the amine to its reaction partner is proposed.
25 citations
TL;DR: In this article, Li et al. showed that diphenylphosphine oxides or sulfides can be produced by desulfurization with methyl iodide, acetaldehyde and benzaldehyde in good yields.
Abstract: Lithium diphenylphosphinylide or diphenylphosphinothioylide ([Ph2PX]Li; X=O, S), prepared from diphenylphosphine oxide or sulfide and n-butyllithium, reacted with methyl iodide, acetaldehyde and benzaldehyde to give the corresponding phosphine oxides or sulfides in good yields, indicating the formation of C–P bond. Formation of [Ph2PS]MgCl from diphenylphosphinothioyl chloride (1) and magnesium was confirmed by the similar reactions. When 1 was allowed to react with magnesium or sodium for a long time, diphenylphosphides ([Ph2P]M) were produced by desulfurization, together with [Ph2PS]M (M=MgCl, Na). Reaction of 1 with [Ph2PS]M gave tetraphenyldiphosphine disulfide through formation of P-P bond, while diphenylphosphinyl chloride and [Ph2PO]M reacted through formation of P–O bond. The difference has been explained by soft-hard-acid-base concept.
23 citations
22 citations
TL;DR: It may be concluded that benzaldehyde formation and reduction of the enzyme are kinetically indistinguishable by the stopped-flow technique, both processes being rapid and governed by the same rate-limiting second-order interaction between enzyme and substrate.
Abstract: The kinetics of benzaldehyde formation during the oxidative deamination of benzylamine by pig plasma benzylamine oxidase have been studied by stopped-flow techniques. In the presence of saturating amounts of benzylamine and 0.01–0.25 mM oxygen, the reaction exhibits a transient first-order burst of benzaldehyde formation approximating to one mole of product released per mole of enzyme. These observations confirm that benzylamine oxidase contains only one active site, and provide clear evidence that benzaldehyde is formed prior to the rate-limiting interaction between oxygen and the substrate-reduced from of the enzyme.
Apparent first-order rate constants for the transient burst are linearly dependent on the benzylamine concentration, and agree quantitatively with those determined previously for reduction of the enzyme by substrate. Hence it may be concluded that benzaldehyde formation and reduction of the enzyme are kinetically indistinguishable by the stopped-flow technique, both processes being rapid and governed by the same rate-limiting second-order interaction between enzyme and substrate.
TL;DR: In this article, the chemical shifts of the aldehydic proton in furfural, thiophenealdehyde and benzaldehyde have been measured in fourteen solvents, and the correlation of chemical shifts was shown to correlate with benzaldehyde, (r = 0·992; 0·993).
Abstract: The chemical shifts of the aldehydic proton in furfural, thiophenealdehyde and benzaldehyde have been measured in fourteen solvents. The correlation of the chemical shifts of thiophenealdehyde and benzaldehyde is excellent (r = 0·996) while it is lower for furfural–benzaldehyde (r = 0·956). The long range coupling constant Jα5 of furiurai has been measured in twelve solvents and the rotameric mole fractions determined. The chemical shifts of individual rotamers are calculated and shown to correlate with benzaldehyde, (r = 0·992; 0·993). Only one rotamer is predominant for thiophenaldehyde in all solvents. The intrinsic solvent effects of the three aldehydes are similar.
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the molecular ions of the title compounds appear to lose a benzyl radical, which must be due to the presence of two benzyloxy groups, as benzylalkyl ethers do not exhibit such an expulsion upon electron impact.
TL;DR: The reactions of MexMCl5-x (M = Nb, Ta, x = 1, 2) with a variety of ketones have been investigated as mentioned in this paper, and the reaction with oxygen and γ-picoline-Noxide have also been investigated.
TL;DR: In this article, the rate constants for the chromium(VI) and chromium-V oxidations were obtained for benzaidehyde as well as for substituted benzaldehydes, benzaldehyde-d, and a group of aliphatic aldehydes.
Abstract: The chromic acid oxidation of benzaldehyde in 96% acetic acid had been found to produce chromium(V) as an intermediate. The rate constants for the chromium(VI) and chromium(V) oxidations were obtained for benzaidehyde as well as for substituted benzaldehydes, benzaldehyde-d, and a group of aliphatic aldehydes. The data are compared with the previously obtained data on the oxidation of benzaldehyde by chromium(VI) and the intermediate valence chromium species. (auth)
TL;DR: In this article, the same reaction conditions o-amino- and o-N-methylamino-benzaldehyde yielded 3-hydroxy-4(1H)- quinolone (quinoline-3,4-diol).
Abstract: o-(N-Methy1formamido)benzaldehyde reacted with glyoxal bisulphite and sodium cyanide in alkaline solution to yield 2-imino-5-[T-(N-methylformamido)phenyl]-2,5-dihydrofuran-3,4-diol. Under the same reaction conditions o-amino- and o-N-methylamino-benzaldehyde yielded 3-hydroxy-4(1H)- quinolone (quinoline-3,4-diol) and 3-hydroxy-1-methyl-4(1H)-quinolone respectively.
TL;DR: In this paper, the primary step in the photolytical α-cleavage of benzoin alkyl ether in oxygen saturated methanol at room temperature is the formation of a benzoyl and an α-alkoxybenzyl radical.
Patent•
09 May 1974
TL;DR: In this article, a process for converting an aromatic methyl ester (methyl benzoate) to a corresponding aromatic aldehyde (benzaldehyde) by subjecting the ester to temperatures of 400° to 500°C and one atmosphere pressure for 3 to 100 seconds in the presence of a solid alumina catalyst is described.
Abstract: A process for converting an aromatic methyl ester (methyl benzoate) to a corresponding aromatic aldehyde (benzaldehyde) by subjecting the ester to temperatures of 400° to 500°C and one atmosphere pressure for 3 to 100 seconds in the presence of a solid alumina catalyst.
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that 4,4′-diphenoquinone [bi(cyclohexa-2,5,dienylidene)-4,4´dione] with visible light in acetaldehyde gives 4, 4´-dihydroxybiphenyl, 4-acetoxy-4´-hydroxybiphine, and 3´acetyl-4''-4`dihyldihydroxyphenyl.
Abstract: Irradiation of 4,4′-diphenoquinone [bi(cyclohexa-2,5-dienylidene)-4,4′-dione] with visible light in acetaldehyde gives 4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyl, 4-acetoxy-4′-hydroxybiphenyl, and 3-acetyl-4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyl. Analogous products result from irradiation in benzaldehyde. These results are compared with those previously reported for 1,4-benzoquinone.3,3′,5,5′-Tetramethyl-4,4′-diphenoquinone gives predominantly the hydroquinone when it is irradiated in acetaldehyde, but the 3,3′,5,5′-tetra-t-butyl homologue was unchanged.
TL;DR: Sulphonium methylides with a dialkoxyphosphinyl substituent were prepared by the treatment of the corresponding sulphonium salts with sodium hydride as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Sulphonium methylides with a dialkoxyphosphinyl substituent were prepared by the treatment of the corresponding sulphonium salts with sodium hydride. The reaction of these ylides with phenyl isocyanate, acid chlorides, or acid anhydrides gave new stabilized ylides. While the reaction of these ylides with benzaldehyde afforded vinyl sulphonium salts, that with αβ-unsaturated esters resulted in the formation of phosphono-substituted cyclopropanes.
TL;DR: In this article, a pyrolysis of octa-2, 4-diene yields 2,4,6-heptatrienaldehyde as major primary rearrangement product upon pyrolynsis in a flow system between 200 and 300°.
Abstract: 8-Oxabicyclo[5.1.0]octa-2, 4-diene (1) yields 2,4,6-heptatrienaldehyde as major primary rearrangement product upon pyrolysis in a flow system between 200 and 300°. Above 500° o-cresol, benzaldehyde and benzene are obtained. Bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-en-7-one, 2,3- and 2, 5-dihydrobenzaldehyde are shown to be intermediates in this transformation to stable aromatic products. The observed conversions can be rationalized as proceeding mostly through allowed pericyclic reaction steps with heterogeneous, acid catalysed reactions participating to a minor extent. Irradiation of 1 affords 3-oxatricyclo[4.2.0.02,4]oct-7-ene, 2,4,6-heptatrienal and 3,5-cycloheptadienone. Upon sensitized irradiation only the latter two compounds are formed.
TL;DR: In this paper, the reaction mechanisms of [Ph2PX]M with p-benzoquinone gave 2,5-dihydroxyphenyldiphenylphosphine oxide or sulfide and p-hydroxyphenyl diphenyl phosphinate in the cases X=O, S and M=Li, MgCl, Al, and 1,4-phenylene bis(diphenylon bis-phosphinate) or bis-diphensylphophosphinate or bis (diphosphinoth
Abstract: Reactions of [Ph2PO]M with benzaldehyde gave benzyl benzoate and benzyldiphenylphosphine oxide (3) in the case of M=Na, 3, α-hydroxybenzyldiphenylphosphine oxide, benzyl alcohol, benzoin and benzil in the case of M=MgCl, and 3 in the case of M=ZnCl. Reactions of [Ph2PX]M with p-benzoquinone gave 2,5-dihydroxyphenyldiphenylphosphine oxide or sulfide and p-hydroxyphenyl diphenylphosphinate in the cases X=O, S and M=Li, MgCl, Al, and 1,4-phenylene bis(diphenylphosphinate) or bis(diphenylphosphinothioate) in the cases X=O, S and M=FeCl. The reaction mechanisms have been discussed.
TL;DR: In this article, 1,3,5-Azoxaphosphorinanes are formed by interaction of phenylphosphine with Schiff's bases and benzaldehyde, and the structures of these new heterocyclic compounds are suggested based on their infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra.
Abstract: 1,3,5-Azoxaphosphorinanes are formed by interaction of phenylphosphine with Schiff's bases and benzaldehyde. The structures of these new heterocyclic compounds are suggested based on their infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra.
TL;DR: In this article, the preparation and properties of N-substituted amidrazones from thioamides containing the 2-pyridyl group and the azines derived from them by reaction with benzaldehyde and 2pyridinecarboxaldehyde are described.
TL;DR: In this paper, the preparation of Mannich bases from phenols, benzaldehyde and secondary amines is described and their behaviour to the mercuric-EDTA dehydrogenation is examined.
Abstract: The preparation of some Mannich bases from phenols, benzaldehyde and secondary amines is described and their behaviour to the mercuric-EDTA dehydrogenation is examined. The pyrrolidine derivative yields a lactam, the formation of which is explained by special conformative circumstances.
TL;DR: In this paper, a quaternary salts of disubstituted thioamides react with aqueous sodium azide at room temperature giving high yields of products which are probably 1,5,5-trisubstitiuted 1, 5-dihydro-1,2,3,4-thia(SIV)triazoles [e.g.
Abstract: Quaternary salts [e.g.(I)] of disubstituted thioamides react with aqueous sodium azide at room temperature giving high yields of products which are probably 1,5,5-trisubstituted 1,5-dihydro-1,2,3,4-thia(SIV)triazoles [e.g.(III)]. These are decomposed by dilute acids with loss of nitrogen giving amidines [e.g.(VII)] and thiosulphinic S-esters [e.g.(VIII)]. When the thiatriazole (III) is heated in solution in toluene or cyclohexene, the dithioacetal of benzaldehyde or cyclohex-2-enone (respectively) is formed.
Patent•
23 May 1974TL;DR: Azomethines are prepared by reacting under carbon monoxide pressure an aromatic or heterocyclic aldehyde and an aromatic/hierarchical nitro compound in the presence of a tertiary amine and Group VIII metal carbonyl as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Azomethines are prepared by reacting under carbon monoxide pressure an aromatic or heterocyclic aldehyde and an aromatic or heterocyclic nitro compound in the presence of a tertiary amine and Group VIII metal carbonyl. Exemplary is the preparation of benzylidene-aniline by reaction of benzaldehyde and nitrobenzene in the presence of pyridine and Rh6 (CO)16 at 170°C and 150 atmospheres.
Patent•
26 Aug 1974TL;DR: In this paper, a mixture of toluene and benzaldehyde is reacted with oxygen to convert the benzaldehyde to phenol, and a portion of the mixture is oxidized to benzaldehyde which is recycled.
Abstract: Phenolic compounds, such as phenol itself, are formed by oxidizing the corresponding aromatic aldehyde precursors, in the vapor phase, with molecular oxygen, the gaseous oxidation product being cooled in the presence of an inert diluent to prevent formation of tarry condensation products. In a particular embodiment a mixture of toluene and benzaldehyde is reacted with oxygen to convert the benzaldehyde to phenol while a portion of the toluene is oxidized to benzaldehyde which is recycled. The products are separated by solvent extraction.