Showing papers on "Data acquisition published in 1998"

Remote image capture with centralized processing and storage

Abstract: A system for remote data acquisition and centralized processing and storage is disclosed called the DataTreasury System (600). The DataTreasury System provided comprehensive support for the processing of documents and electronic data associated with different applications including sale, business, banking and general consumer transactions. The system retrieves transaction data such as credit card receipts checks in either electronic or paper form at one or more remote locations, encrypts the data, transmits the encrypted data to a central location, transforms the data to a usable form, performs identification verification using signature data and biometric data, generates informative reports from the data and transmits the informative reports to the remote location(s). The DataTreasury System (200, 400, 600) has many advantageous features which work together to provide high performance, security, reliability, fault tolerance and low cost. First, the network architecture facilitates secure communication between the remote location(s) and the central processing facility. A dynamic address assignment algorithm performs load balancing among the system's servers for faster performance and higher utilization. Finally, partitioning scheme improves the error correction process.

A modular, wireless damage monitoring system for structures

Abstract: A structural monitoring system comprises a plurality of modular, battery powered data acquisition devices which transmit structural information to a central data collection and analysis device over a wireless data link. The data acquisition devices each comprise mechanical vibration sensors, data acquisition circuitry, a digital wireless transmitter, and a battery for providing electrical power to the device. The central data collection device comprises a digital wireless receiver that receives data sent from the data acquisition devices, and a microprocessor for processing the data. A more powerful computer may be interfaced with the central device to provide more sophisticated analysis after a natural hazard or other extreme event. A methodology for operating the monitoring system is also disclosed.

Elastic task model for adaptive rate control

Abstract: An increasing number of real time applications, related to multimedia and adaptive control systems, require greater flexibility than classical real time theory usually permits. We present a novel periodic task model, in which tasks' periods are treated as springs, with given elastic coefficients. Under this framework, periodic tasks can intentionally change their execution rate to provide different quality of service, and the other tasks can automatically adapt their periods to keep the system underloaded. The proposed model can also be used to handle overload conditions in a more flexible way, and provide a simple and efficient mechanism for controlling the quality of service of the system as a function of the current load.

Introduction to mechatronics and measurement systems

Abstract: 1 Introduction 2 Electric Circuits and Components 3 Semiconductor Electronics 4 System Response 5 Analog Signal Processing Using Operational Amplifiers 6 Digital Circuits 7 Microcontroller Programming and Interfacing 8 Data Acquisition 9 Sensors 10 Actuators 11 Mechatronic Systems-Control Architectures and Case Studies Appendixes A Measurement Fundamentals B Physical Principles C Mechanics of Materials

Fast accurate iterative reconstruction for low-statistics positron volume imaging

Abstract: A fast accurate iterative reconstruction (FAIR) method suitable for low-statistics positron volume imaging has been developed. The method, based on the expectation maximization-maximum likelihood (EM-ML) technique, operates on list-mode data rather than histogrammed projection data and can, in just one pass through the data, generate images with the same characteristics as several ML iterations. Use of list-mode data preserves maximum sampling accuracy and implicitly ignores lines of response (LORs) in which no counts were recorded. The method is particularly suited to systems where sampling accuracy can be lost by histogramming events into coarse LOR bins, and also to sparse data situations such as fast whole-body and dynamic imaging where sampling accuracy may be compromised by storage requirements and where reconstruction time can be wasted by including LORs with no counts. The technique can be accelerated by operating on subsets of list-mode data which also allows scope for simultaneous data acquisition and iterative reconstruction. The method is compared with a standard implementation of the EM-ML technique and is shown to offer improved resolution, contrast and noise properties as a direct result of using improved spatial sampling, limited only by hardware specifications.

Developments in ECG acquisition, preprocessing, parameter measurement, and recording

Abstract: The subjects considered in this article follow the logical procedures of acquisition, preprocessing, wave detection, parameter measurement, and recording of the ECG. The authors present an economic procedure for simultaneous multichannel signal acquisition, digital real-time interference elimination and drift suppression, a real-time software QRS detector, and algorithms for wave onset and termination determination. The authors also discuss fast algorithms for lengthwise and crosswise lead presentation that supports the use microdot thermal printers for signal recordings.

A computer-based digital feedback control of frequency drift of multiple lasers

Abstract: We report a method to monitor and control laser frequencies with an optical cavity and a digital feedback system. A frequency-stabilized He–Ne laser provides the reference that is transferred to several other lasers using a scanning Fabry–Perot cavity. A personal computer-based multifunction data acquisition system generates the scan wave form, and reads the detector outputs synchronously with the cavity scan. The computer determines the positions of all of the peaks in the scan, and generates output signals to control the laser frequencies. It also provides a visual display of cavity spectra. We have successfully used the setup to achieve a long-term lock of the lasers for magneto-optical trapping of radioactive francium atoms.

Map data distribution system and map data acquisition device suitable for such system

Abstract: A map data acquisition device is integrally mounted to an in-vehicle navigation device. Small scale map data is constantly carried in a database, while large scale, detailed map data is transmitted through communication from an information center serving as a base station. Using the small scale map data, guidance is provided using the main roads. The traveling condition of the vehicle is detected and large scale map data is acquired when judged necessary based on the traveling conditions. For example, when the vehicle deviates from the established route, approaches a construction site indicated by traffic information, or nears the destination, detailed map data is acquired. Therefore, the appropriate detailed map is acquired at an appropriate point to cope with any changes in traveling conditions.

New equipment and processing for magnetotelluric remote reference observations

Abstract: Robust estimates of magnetotelluric and geomagnetic response functions are determined using the coherency and expected uniformity of the magnetic source field as quality criteria. The method is applied on data sets of three simultaneously recording sites. For the data acquisition we used a new generation of geophysical equipment (S.P.A.M. MkIII), which comprises novel concepts of parallel computing and networked, digital data transmission. The data-processing results show that the amount of noise on the horizontal components of the magnetic field varies considerably in time, between sites and over the frequency range. The removal of such contaminated data beforehand is essential for most data-processing schemes, as the magnetic channels are usually assumed to be free of noise. The standard remote reference method is aimed at reducing bias in response function estimates. However, this does not necessarily improve their precision as our results clearly show. With our method, on the other hand, we can filter out source field irregularities, thereby providing suitable working conditions for the robust algorithm, and eventually obtain considerably improved results. Contrary to previous concepts, we suggest rejecting as much data as feasible in order to concentrate on the remaining parts of high-quality observations.

Method of and system for cone-beam tomography reconstruction

Abstract: A method of and system for performing intravenous tomographic digital angiography imaging which combines the principles of intravenous digital angiography with those of cone beam volume tomography for generating a direct, unambiguous and accurate 3-D reconstruction of stenosis and other irregularities and malformations from 2-D cone-beam tomography projections is disclosed in which several different data acquisition geometries, such as a circle-plus-arc data acquisition geometry, may be utilized to provide a complete set of data so that an exact 3-D reconstruction is obtained. Only a single IV contrast injection with a short breathhold by the patient is needed for use with a volume CT scanner which uses a cone-beam x-ray source and a 2-D detector for fast volume scanning in order to provide true 3-D descriptions of vascular anatomy with more than 0.5 1p/mm isotropic resolution in the x, y and z directions is utilized in which one set of cone-beam projections is acquired while rotating the x-ray tube and detector on the CT gantry and then another set of projections is acquired while tilting the gantry by a small angle. The projection data is preweighted and the partial derivatives of the preweighted projection data are calculated. Those calculated partial derivatives are rebinned to the first derivative of the Radon transform, for both the circular orbit data and the arc orbit data. The second partial derivative of the Radon transform is then calculated and then the reconstructed 3-D images are obtained by backprojecting using the inverse Radon transform.

Method and apparatus for the acoustic emission monitoring detection, localization, and classification of metabolic bone disease

Abstract: A non-invasive bone condition data acquisition system performs sensitive and reliable clinical data acquisition, localization and classification of bone disease, particularly osteoporosis. The bone condition data acquisition system measures a correlation between a wideband AE signature and a spatially localized bone microarchitecture, which is used to determine fracture risk. The bone condition data acquisition system includes processors and memory for analyzing AE signals from bone tissue to generate information-bearing attributes, for extracting a set of times-of-arrival and a feature vector from the attributes, for utilizing the set of times-of-arrival to derive the locations of the AE events, and for responding to the feature vector to classify the bone using a neural network and a nearest neighbor rule processor.

Seismic data acquisition system

Abstract: A seismic data acquisition system is featured that utilizes a series of nearly identical seismic shots (SISS) to synchronize and to communicate with novel data acquisition units (NDAU) located in the field. Each SISS seismic shot is carefully timed to provide synchronization to each NDAU, and to allow the NDAU to correct for the time drift of its internal clock. Further, each NDAU is programmed with a number of menus, which are used to interpret the seismic shots received from a seismic source. Thus, communication from a central or headquarter site to each NDAU is facilitated, allowing for a change in production schedule and other variables. In addition, the disclosed seismic data acquisition system features movable SISS source sites and overlapping production and SISS shots.

Wire harness system

Abstract: The present invention provides a Wire Harness System method. This method is for aiding in the manufacture, repair, and testing of wire harnesses, wherein the method is run on a computer processor. The method further operates in a data acquisition mode and a display mode.

Method and system for controlling data acquisition over an information bus

Abstract: A group of protocols is described that establish an information bus. The protocols allow various applications and components to plug into the information bus. As a member of the bus, each application or component can exchange information with any other application or component in a structured way. The information bus is especially useful in interconnecting Java beans and applets in a Java virtual machine and in a distributive computer environment. An apparatus is disclosed that is utilized to produce data from an application to an information bus for sharing the data with other applications utilizing the information bus. The data producing apparatus comprises a data element building logic, which builds data elements containing the data within the application, a data notification logic, which notifies the information bus of the availability of the data element, and a data element transfer logic, which transfers data element from one application to another. An event listing logic can also be included that is utilized to listen for data element requests from applications utilizing the information bus. The data element builder logic may be configured to change the data within a data element and the data notification logic may be configured to announce the data change across the information bus to at least some of the applications. The data element builder logic specifies the data name using either a property or a parameter. The data element builder logic also provides a view associated with the data item where the data item is a java object. The data element builder logic may also remove data elements for access while the data notification logic notifies the information bus of the removal of the particular data elements.

Automated 3D reconstruction of interiors with multiple scan views

Abstract: This paper presents two integrated solutions for realistic 3D model acquisition and reconstruction; an early prototype, in the form of a push trolley, and a later prototype in the form of an autonomous robot. The systems encompass all hardware and software required, from laser and video data acquisition, processing and output of texture-mapped 3D models in VRML format, to batteries for power supply and wireless network communications. The autonomous version is also equipped with a mobile platform and other sensors for the purpose of automatic navigation. The applications for such a system range from real estate and tourism (e.g., showing a 3D computer model of a property to a potential buyer or tenant) or as tool for content creation (e.g., creating 3D models of heritage buildings or producing broadcast quality virtual studios). The system can also be used in industrial environments as a reverse engineering tool to update the design of a plant, or as a 3D photo-archive for insurance purposes. The system is Internet compatible: the photo-realistic models can be accessed via the Internet and manipulated interactively in 3D using a common Web browser with a VRML plug-in. Further information and example reconstructed models are available on- line via the RESOLV web-page at http://www.scs.leeds.ac.uk/resolv/.

3-D symmetric sampling

Abstract: Three‐dimensional seismic surveys have become accepted in the industry as a means of acquiring detailed information on the subsurface. Yet, the cost of 3-D seismic data acquisition is and will always be considerable, making it highly important to select the right 3-D acquisition geometry. Up till now, no really comprehensive theory existed to tell what constitutes a good 3-D geometry and how such a geometry can be designed. The theory of 3-D symmetric sampling proposed in this paper is intended to fill this gap and may serve as a sound basis for 3-D geometry design and analysis. Methods and theories for the design of 2-D surveys were developed in the 1980s. Anstey proposed the stack‐array approach, Ongkiehong and Askin the hands‐off acquisition technique, and Vermeer introduced symmetric sampling theory. In this paper, the theory of symmetric sampling for 2-D geometries is expanded to the most important 3-D geometries currently in use. Essential elements in 3-D symmetric sampling are the spatial propertie...

Electromagnetic inductance tomography (EMT): sensor, electronics and image reconstruction algorithm for a system with a rotatable parallel excitation field

Abstract: The main features and principle of operation of an electromagnetic inductance tomography system are described. The system can image the distribution of electrically conducting and/or magnetically permeable materials and is analogous to the other electrical tomography systems which measure capacitance or resistance. The paper presents a nonintrusive system with a rotatable parallel uniform excitation magnetic field which improves the detectability at the centre of the object space with respect to that near the periphery. The sensor construction, electronics design and image reconstruction are described. A novel electronic compensation scheme is used to condition the output signals from the sensor. This scheme subtracts the empty space background field measurements and consequently increases the overall dynamic range of the data acquisition system. An image reconstruction technique based on a correlation method is described and some images are presented.

Distributed voice capture and recognition system

Abstract: A hand-held data acquisition device includes a display presenting at least one of an address book, a date book, a memo pad, a to-do list, a contact manager, an expense tracker, an e-mail client, and a project manager, at least one of which contains multiple data items. An input device is operatively connected to the device is suitable to receive voice data from the user. The data acquisition device stores the voice data and associates the voice data with at least one of the data items.

Photogrammetric calibration and accuracy evaluation of a cross-pattern stripe projector

Abstract: Presently there is a growing demand for fast and precise 3D computer vision systems for a wide variety of industrial applications like reverse engineering, quality control and industrial gauging. One important aspect of any vision system is the data acquisition. If the principle of triangulation is used the correspondence problem is to be solved. The coded light approach offers a fast way to overcome this problem and to provide dense range data. In order to get high accuracy range images the system needs to be calibrated. In this paper, we compare two calibration techniques: polynomial depth calibration and photogrammetric calibration. We have carried out both methods independently. To obtain results about the accuracy in object space, we measured the surface of a plane- table.© (1998) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Flexible distributed processing system for sensor data acquisition and control

Abstract: An all digital physical parameter sensing network. Sensors under control of a central computer measure factors such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, filter efficiency and the like at numerous locations in a system such as a water treatment plant. Each sensor is precalibrated with voltage offset information, sensitivity variations, corrections for nonlinear behavior, etc. stored in memory at the sensor. All sensors generate corrected voltage signals conforming with the measured physical parameter, so that any sensor can be replaced without requiring recalibration. Basically, the system comprises a central computer, a communications interface between the computer and a single bus, plural sensor nodes along the bus each including a sensor for sensing a physical condition and processing the sensed information to correct for sensor individual characteristics and for transmitting the corrected sensed information to the central computer. Assembling the various sensors and their sealing engagement with their electrical connections.

Microstrip gas chamber high-speed data acquisition system and method of measuring samples by use of the system

Abstract: An imaging microstrip gas chamber (MSGC) high-speed data acquisition system capable of processing at high speed a large number of output signals of an imaging microstrip gas chamber. The system includes discrimination circuits for binary conversion of signals from anode strips and back strips of a two-dimensional microstrip gas chamber; signal synchronizing circuits for converting binary asynchronous signals output from the discrimination circuits into clock-synchronized signals; data encoder circuits connected to the signal synchronizing circuits; an incident-particle hit judgment circuit connected to the data encoder circuits and operating such that when a plurality of adjacent signal lines receive signals at the same timing, a value corresponding to a signal line at the center of the adjacent signal lines is output, and when separated signal lines receive signals at the same timing, the signals are ignored; a storage device connected to the incident-particle hit judgment circuit and adapted to store, for each event, the vertical and horizontal coordinates of an incident particle, the timing of incidence of the particle, the degree of spreading of output signals, and the energy of the incident particle obtained from an overall pulse height; and a computer connected to the storage device.

Computerized component variable interference filter imaging spectrometer system method and apparatus

Abstract: A miniature, computerized component, variable interference imaging spectrometer (C2VIFIS) system for airborne remote sensing data acquisition with a two dimensional field of view. An alternating staring/scanning method is used to optimize a pushbroom hyperspectral image data set with a photogrammetric reference. Synchronized CCD-imager sensor modules or cameras are aligned to a common field of view. One imager module has a visible range variable interference filter on its surface, a second imager module has a near-infrared range variable interference filter on its surface, and a third imager module has a bandbase filter attached to the imager. Video data from the three sensor modules is digitized and recorded in real time. Further, such video data is monitored by a computer and used to control the shutter exposure of each of the three sensor imager modules. Wavelength spectral image data and directional spectral image data are acquired by a single pass over a target area. Post-processing of such data produces reconstructed track-recovery-images extracted from a sequence of video frames for the spectral regions of interest at a fixed column position to produce multiple bands of monochrome images.

Spectral Measurements Field Guide

Abstract: : Because of the rapid advance of airborne and satellite sensor technology in providing higher spectral resolution over progressively broader wavelength regions, there is a need for more (and more accurate) field measurements to complement overhead data. The purpose of this field guide is to facilitate such ground-based measurements, first through a review of the environmental factors affecting such measurements, second through an evaluation of the instrumentation involved, and third through a suggested approach to the measurement process. In evaluating environmental factors affecting spectral measurements in the field, the sources of radiance from a target are discussed in both the reflectance and emittance regions of the spectrum, as well as how those sources are modified by atmospheric attenuation and scattering, and the presence of clouds and wind. Another factor affecting all spectral measurements in the field is the computer typically used for instrument control and data storage. Computers tend to be the universal weak link in field spectrometers, because of their typical low tolerance for bright sunlight, temperature extremes, windblown dust, and rain. Various solutions to the computer problem are discussed, including the acquisition of hardened computers. The most commonly used field spectrometers are described, with advice on how to get the most out of each instrument. Then the pros and cons of each instrument are discussed with regard to different applications. Finally, how to approach field measurements is described, beginning with a thorough testing of a field instrument (and the field instrument user) in the laboratory. Approaches to data collection, record keeping, data reduction, and data analysis are discussed. A major conclusion is that much greater support for data analysis is necessary to reach the full potential of spectroscopic remote sensing for target identification.

Sampling, Aliasing, and Data Fidelity for Electronic Imaging Systems, Communications, and Data Acquisition

Abstract: Fourier Transform Linear System Theory Sampling Sampling Devices Resampling Reconstruction Reconstructed Signal Appearance System Analysis System Resolution Image Quality Metrics.

Nuclear medicine diagnostic equipment

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a nuclear medicine diagnostic equipment in which the position resolution of data is enhanced, in which satisfactory data can be obtained by reducing the influence of a scatterer and an absorber, which reduces the burden on the subject by shortening the data acquisition time. SOLUTION: By using a plurality of semiconductor detectors (three detectors in the figure) 11, the data is acquired in the three-dimensional projection direction (six directions in the figure) anticipating an object Q to be measured from the best positions, with reference to the object Q to be measured [from two positions as the left-side face position (under the armpit) 1 and the left front position 1 of the subject]. When the data is acquired in the three-dimensional projection direction, anticipating the object Q to be measured from the best positions with reference to the object Q to be measured, the position resolution of the acquired data is enhanced, the influence of the scatterer and the absorber is reduced, and satisfactory data can be obtained. An image can be reconstructed with a very small number of times of data acquisition operations. COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Fully automated biosignal acquisition in daily routine through 1 month

Abstract: With the goal of keeping people healthy and active, long-term at-home measurement of physiological function during daily life is valuable, and is attempted in this study. As a first trial of at-home measurements, a fully automated physiological data acquisition system was developed. This system contains unconstrained physiological parameter monitors: an ECG monitor for use during bathing, a bed temperature monitor, and a weight monitor located in the toilet seat. It also contains a computer with data acquisition programs and a data format rule. Unconstrained physiological parameter monitors and fully automatic measurement procedures provide data acquisition non-invasively and without the subject's awareness. This system has been proved by an experiment involving measurement over one month of a healthy male subject (aged 29 years) in laboratory-based facilities. The system functioned for one month of data acquisition with no operator involved. The system may be used for home health monitoring of patients and also of healthy subjects.

LabVIEW Applications and Solutions

Abstract: 1. Virtual Instruments. Introduction. Programming Paradigms. Virtual Instrumentation. Definition--Virtual Instruments. Software Aspects. Summary. 2. LabVIEW Basics. Introduction. Program Structures. Hierarchy and Modularity. Multitasking, Multithreading, and Multiprocessing. Debugging. Platform Independence. Openness. Graphical Compiler. Documentation. Summary. 3. Data Acquisition and Instrument Control in LabVIEW. LabVIEW and DAQ. LabVIEW and VISA. LabVIEW and the GPIB Bus. LabVIEW and VXI. LabVIEW and PXI. LabVIEW and the Universal Serial Bus. 4. Commercial Communication Applications in LabVIEW. File Sharing. Communication Protocols. OPC--OLE for Process Control. Measuring and Process Control and the Internet. LabVIEW Port I/O under Windows NT 4.0. Database Access with LabVIEW. 5. LabVIEW and Automation Technology. From LabVIEW to BridgeVIEW. LabVIEW and CAN. LabVIEW and HART. 6. LabVIEW and Fuzzy Logic. Introduction. Basics--Fuzzy Logic and Fuzzy Control. Implementing Fuzzy Controllers in LabVIEW. 7. LabVIEW and Genetic Algorithms. Basics--Evolution Strategies or Genetic Algorithms. Sample Application. Summary. 8. Mathematics and Simulation in LabVIEW. Introduction. Adapting Measurement Values. Solving Differential Equations. Solving Wave Equations. Visualizing the Gibbs Phenomenon. Summary. 9. Fourier Transformation in LabVIEW. Introduction. Sampling Analog Signals. Fourier Transformation. Inverse Fourier Transform. Discrete Fourier Transform. Spectral Functions. Leakage Effect. Window Functions. Fourier Transform Properties. The Wiener-Khintchine Theorem. Discrete Convolution. Correlation Theorem. Discrete Correlation. Summary. 10. Time-Frequency Analysis of Signals. Introduction. What Is Time-Frequency Analysis? Benefits and Drawbacks of Spectrograms. Characterization of Time and Frequency. The Wigner Distribution. Cohen's Class. Time-Frequency Analysis in LabVIEW. Selecting a Spectrogram. Time-Frequency Analyzer. Real-World Applications. Summary. 11. Designing Digital Filters in LabVIEW. Digital Filter Design Process. Digital Filter Design Application. A Design Example. Summary. 12. Image Processing in LabVIEW. Introduction. Setting Up Your Image Processing Equipment. Camera and Lens. Lighting Conditions. Image Acquisition Cards and Drivers. Image Acquisition and Configuration Software. IMAQ Vision Image Processing Software. Sample Application in LabVIEW. Summary. 13. Quality, Reliability, and Maintainability of LabVIEW Programs. Introduction. Hardware Reliability. Software Reliability. Reliability and Performance in LabVIEW. LabVIEW Benefits. Summary. 14. Statistical Process Control in LabVIEW. Introduction. SPC Methods. Control Charts. Process Capability Analysis. Pareto Analysis. SPC Tools in LabVIEW. Summary. 15. LabVIEW and Quality Management. Introduction. Using LabVIEW for Calibration and Qualification. Summary. 16. LabVIEW in Medical Applications. Introduction. Biosignals. Characterizing Biosignals. Developing a Digital Acquisition System. Sample Application in LabVIEW. Summary. 17. BioBench. Introduction. BioBench Capabilities. Compatibility and Cost Effectiveness. BioBench Applications. Summary. 18. Control and Simulation in G--An Integrated Environment for Dynamic Systems. Introduction. Need for Control and Simulation Software. GSIM and LabVIEW. General Simulation Structure. Typical GSIM Applications. A First Example. A Second Example. Case Study 1: Simulation Analysis of Relay Feedback Technique. Case Study 2: Inverted Pendulum. GSIM Programs--A Step-by-Step Approach. Another Example: PID Controllers in GSIM. Some Restrictions and Hints. Further Developments. 19. Network-centric Test and Measurement System. Introduction. Fields of Application. Hardware. Software. Summary. Bibliography. Glossary. Index.