Showing papers on "Environmental Performance Index published in 2014"

Environmental Performance Index

Abstract: Yale’s Environmental Performance Index (EPI) has emerged as the premier framework of national-scale metrics for global environmental policy analysis. Data and indicators from 180 countries gauge progress on 20+ environmental public health and ecosystem vitality goals. The framework offers a policy-relevant scorecard that highlights leaders and laggards in environmental performance, gives insight on best practices, and provides guidance for countries that aspire to be leaders in sustainability. The Yale Center for Environmental Law & Policy (YCELP) is looking for research assistants to contribute to the 2018 release of the next EPI report. For more information, visit epi.yale.edu.

Relationship between urbanization and CO2 emissions depends on income level and policy

Abstract: We investigate empirically how national-level CO2 emissions are affected by urbanization and environmental policy. We use statistical modeling to explore panel data on annual CO2 emissions from 80 countries for the period 1983-2005. Random- and fixed-effects models indicate that, on the global average, the urbanization-emission elasticity value is 0.95 (i.e., a 1% increase in urbanization correlates with a 0.95% increase in emissions). Several regions display a statistically significant, positive elasticity for fixed- and random-effects models: lower-income Europe, India and the Sub-Continent, Latin America, and Africa. Using two proxies for environmental policy/outcomes (ratification status for the Kyoto Protocol; the Yale Environmental Performance Index), we find that in countries with stronger environmental policy/outcomes, urbanization has a more beneficial (or, a less negative) impact on emissions. Specifically, elasticity values are -1.1 (0.21) for higher-income (lower-income) countries with strong environmental policy, versus 0.65 (1.3) for higher-income (lower-income) countries with weak environmental policies. Our finding that the urbanization-emissions elasticity may depend on the strength of a country's environmental policy, not just marginal increases in income, is in contrast to the idea of universal urban scaling laws that can ignore local context. Most global population growth in the coming decades is expected to occur in urban areas of lower-income countries, which underscores the importance of these findings.

Environmental Performance in Countries Worldwide: Determinant Factors and Multivariate Analysis

Abstract: The aim of this study is to analyze the environmental performance of countries and the variables that can influence it. At the same time, we performed a multivariate analysis using the HJ-biplot, an exploratory method that looks for hidden patterns in the data, obtained from the usual singular value decomposition (SVD) of the data matrix, to contextualize the countries grouped by geographical areas and the variables relating to environmental indicators included in the environmental performance index. The sample used comprises 149 countries of different geographic areas. The findings obtained from the empirical analysis emphasize that socioeconomic factors, such as economic wealth and education, as well as institutional factors represented by the style of public administration, in particular control of corruption, are determinant factors of environmental performance in the countries analyzed. In contrast, no effect on environmental performance was found for factors relating to the internal characteristics of a country or political factors.

Environmental Performance Index

Abstract: The Pilot 2006 Environmental Performance Index (EPI) is an aggregate measure of a country's policy results to achieve 16 performance targets in protecting human environmental health and maintaining ecological vitality. The objective underlying the EPI is to move the environmental debate from emotional and rhetoric arguments to more data- and evidence-based action that facilitates performance tracking and accountability of decision makers. The EPI thereby helps to fill a significant gap in environmental policy making and supports the international community's ongoing effort to curb extreme poverty and promote human development through an ambitious measurement initiative called the Millennium Development Goals. Keywords: index; indicator; environmental performance; environmental policy making; Millennium Development Goals

Measuring countries׳ environmental sustainability performance – A review and case study of Iceland

Abstract: Evaluating the environmental sustainability performance of a nation is complex. This paper considers the merits of environmental indices, and how effective they are when assessing the environmental sustainability of any nation. The simplicity and generic qualities of environmental indices currently necessitates a much broader analysis in order to evaluate any nation׳s genuine environmental sustainability credentials – ultimately the development of a synthetic Environmental Sustainability Index is required to fulfil this task. Using Iceland as a case study, this paper reviews the usefulness of four selected environmental indices (Environmental Vulnerability Index, Environmental Performance Index, Ecological Footprint and Happy Planet Index) for governance institutions when formulating reasoned responses to challenges. By adopting a holistic methodology, Iceland׳s environmental sustainability credentials are critically examined in this paper, with particular focus given to the impacts deriving from expanded renewable energy utilisation in recent years. Abundant geothermal and hydropower energy resources have been increasingly used to power heavy industry, particularly aluminium production. The wider health implications and long-term environmental sustainability consequences of renewable energy utilisation have not been analysed in depth within any of the indices. Socio-economic progress in Iceland has also been attained alongside the imposition of the highest ecological footprint of any nation in the world. As such, economic activities in Iceland have not occurred in accordance with commonly accepted notions of sustainable development, which is focused upon the reconciliation of economic, environmental and social objectives, together with recognition of current and future need across these domains.

Examining patterns of sustainability across Europe: a multivariate and spatial assessment of 25 composite indices

Abstract: Nearly all societies have now committed themselves to sustainable development by integrating some form of environmental quality, social equity, and economic welfare into their day-to-day activities. As such, there remains a strong political desire for the comprehensive assessment of conditions that evaluate the current status, measure progress, and help set future development goals. Indicators have been nominated as universal tools for progressing sustainable development across scales; however, there remains no consensus regarding the best approach to their design or use. While several studies have investigated the associations between indicators of sustainable development, few have directly addressed the question of how multiple measures can be used simultaneously to assess sustainability regionally. Building upon previous studies, this paper presents a quantitative and spatial assessment of 25 multi-metric indices across 36 European nations. The goals of this research were (1) to increase understanding ...

National Differences in Environmental Concern and Performance Are Predicted by Country Age

Abstract: There are obvious economic predictors of ability and willingness to invest in environmental sustainability. Yet, given that environmental decisions represent trade-offs between present sacrifices and uncertain future benefits, psychological factors may also play a role in country-level environmental behavior. Gott's principle suggests that citizens may use perceptions of their country's age to predict its future continuation, with longer pasts predicting longer futures. Using country- and individual-level analyses, we examined whether longer perceived pasts result in longer perceived futures, which in turn motivate concern for continued environmental quality. Study 1 found that older countries scored higher on an environmental performance index, even when the analysis controlled for country-level differences in gross domestic product and governance. Study 2 showed that when the United States was framed as an old country (vs. a young one), participants were willing to donate more money to an environmental organization. The findings suggest that framing a country as a long-standing entity may effectively prompt proenvironmental behavior.

The effects of national culture and human development on environmental health

Abstract: While there is considerable research on environmental performance of countries, there is very little that focuses on environmental health as a component of environmental performance and how environmental health is affected by national culture and human development. This study proposes and empirically tests three models that examine the effects of cultural values and human development on environmental health by incorporating different variables from Human Development Index, Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions, and Environmental Performance Index. Multiple linear regression models were employed to test the hypotheses on a sample of 67 countries. Empirical results conclude that cultural dimensions of individualism and uncertainty avoidance, as well as human development components of life expectancy at birth, education, and income significantly influence environmental health performance of countries when we execute separate models. A combined model of the effects of national culture and human development on environmental health, however, shows only significant effects of human development components. Theoretical and policy implications are discussed.

Environmental Performance Index 2014 JRC Analysis and Recommendations

Abstract: The latest edition of the Environmental Performance Index (EPI) was presented and discussed on January 2014 during the World Economic Forum (WEF) Annual Meeting in Davos. The EPI is released biannually since 2006 by Yale and Columbia Universities, in collaboration with the Samuel Foundation and the WEF. The EPI ranks how well countries perform on highpriority environmental issues concering the policy areas of environmental health and ecosystem vitality. The JRC’s Econometrics and Applied Statistics Unit was invited for a fifth consecutive time to perform a statistical audit the EPI, focusing on two main questions: 1) Is the EPI multi-level structure statistically coherent? 2)What is the impact of modelling assumptions on the 2014 EPI ranking? The 2014 EPI was found to be well-balanced with respect to its two policy objectives , which were also adequately correlated to justify their aggregation into an overall index. Satisfactory correlations were observed between indicators and respective EPI issue areas, implying meaningful indicator contributions to the variance of the aggregate scores. Possible refinements of the index mainly concern the issue areas of Forests, Fisheries and Agriculture, which do not seem to contribute significantly to the EPI ranking. The JRC’s uncertainty analysis investigated the robustness of EPI country ranks to two key choices: policy objective weights and aggregation function. The choice of aggregation function at the policy objectives level was found to be the main driver of the variation in country ranks, accounting for a much greater share of the observed variance in country ranks. This suggested that future deliberations on the index’s methodology should focus primarily on the choice of aggregation function.

Environmental Sustainability and Human Development: A Greening of Human Development Index

Abstract: Human Development Index (HDI) is one of the most widely used measure of well-being. The weak point of this index is that it does not take into account the concept of sustainability and, more precisely, it is lacking in the environmental component specification. On the other side of the spectrum, some indicators provide useful information about the environmental health of countries but not about human development, such as the Environmental Performance Index (EPI). The necessity of the HDI empowerment with environmental dimensions was a theme of discussion during the most recent Rio 20-United Nation Conference on Sustainable Development (2012), as part of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) post-2015. This paper has three main results: i) it provides a global picture of the relationship between human development and environment, through a U-shaped relationship between HDI and EPI. ii) It introduces a new quantitative measure: the Environmental Human Development Index, which rebalance the concept of human development in a sustainability framework and arises a different scenario between human development and sustainability; iii) it provides a discussion of EHDI in light of Kyoto protocol agreement.

A canonical correlation analysis of the relationship between sustainability and competitiveness

Abstract: In the present work, we apply the canonical correlation analysis (CCA) to analyze the relationship between competitiveness and environmental sustainability, studying their degree of correlation and the impact of the environmental sustainability and competitiveness indicators in this relationship. We selected seven indicators from the environmental sustainability indicators of the Environmental Performance Index, and 12 competitiveness indicators from The Global Competitiveness Index. The CCA considers 117 countries common in both databases. The method is applied to study of the intracorrelations (correlations, between the same set of indicators) and the intercorrelations (correlations between the sustainability and competitiveness sets of indicators). It is shown that the intracorrelations of the environmental and competitiveness indicators are highly correlated, indicating that the choice of the indicators adequately describes sustainability and competitiveness, separately. For the study of the intercorrelation between the sustainability and the competitiveness sets of indicators, the CCA method reduced the complex multidimensional problem to a one-dimensional situation described by one relevant canonical function. This greatly simplified the interpretation of the interrelation between competitiveness and sustainability indicators allowing a proper analysis of the different degrees of correlation between these dimensions. A discussion on the degree of correlation between these indicators is presented. The results associating competitiveness and sustainability indicators through strong intercorrelation are an indication that the conclusion of the World Economic Forum analysis “the main and very important finding is that there is no necessary trade-off between being competitive and being sustainable. On the contrary, many countries at the top of the competitiveness rankings are also the best performers in many areas of sustainability,” may be related to the specific choice of indicators. The present study suggests that the strongly correlated indicators are good candidates to be part of an adequate set of composite sustainability and competitiveness indicators. Although in this work CCA is applied to study the environmental sustainability, the method can be applied to investigate other metrics in particular the intersection of social and competitiveness toward the achievement of sustainable development.

Economic growth as a proxy for environmental performance: Exploring the informational content of the environmental performance index

Abstract: Environmental considerations are on the table for over two centuries now, since then the global community has made significant steps to mitigate the problem. Over the recent past, comprehensive environmental indexes such as the EPI index have been created so as to assess a nation's environmental performance. This paper examines the relationship of EPI index and economic growth. Although there are already previous works considering the effects of EPI on GDP, there is not any previous research on the explanatory power of economic growth on EPI. Such a reverse causality analysis is important in order to assess informational content of EPI. The results of our analysis indicate a positive effect of GDP on EPI which becomes stronger when high income developed countries are selected and insignificant for middle income developing countries. Moreover when we examine the interval of time between 2005 and 2012, we find a decreasing positive effect on EPI, which is also cross-checked in the clear negative trend of the country-average correlation of EPI and growth rates after 1995. Finally we examine the relationship between average and cumulative real GDP growth rates and EPI 2012. These results confirm that countries with high level of economic growth rates have the lowest environmental performances according to EPI index and vice versa, as suggested by the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis.

Value Added of Economy Sectors and Environmental Performance Index (EPI): Evidence from Developing Countries

Abstract: In the present study we have separately investigated and compared the impact of the value added of industry sector on Environmental Performance Index in selected developed and developing countries. The economic literature has studied the impact of economic development on environment thus far. In other words, most of the conducted economic researches in environmental economy have been striving to figure out a significant correlation between environment and economic development. Being innovative, the present study, however, has specifically dealt with the impact of the value added of industry and agriculture sector on Environmental Performance Index (EPI). Using maximum amount of data available from 2006 to 2010 for 61 developing countries and implementing panel data method, we achieved this result that the impact of value added of industry sector on environmental performance index is negative and the impact of value added of agriculture sector on environmental performance index is positive.

Do Constitutions Matter? The Effects of Constitutional Environmental Rights Provisions on Environmental Outcomes

Abstract: We use a novel data set within an instrumental variables framework to test whether the presence and legal strength of constitutional environmental rights are related to environmental outcomes. The outcome variables include Yale’s Environmental Performance Index and some of its components. The analysis accounts for the possibility that a country which takes steps to protect the environment might also be more likely to constitutionalize environmental rights. Controls include: (1) gross domestic product per capita (2) whether the country is a party to the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights; (3) rule of law; (4) population density; and (5) exogenous geographic effects. The inclusion of income means that our study is directly related to the Environmental Kuznets Curve literature. We find that constitutions do indeed matter for positive environmental outcomes, which suggests that we should not only pay attention to the incentives confronting polluters and resource users, but also to the incentives and constraints confronting those policymakers who initiate, monitor, and enforce environmental policies.

Construction of the environmental performance index using dea

Abstract: There is wide range of environmental performance i dicators. The more sophisticated they are, the more arbitrary vie wpoint they take. The EPI weights are established based on experts’ judgments form Yale University and Columbia University team. In the article was an alysed the changes in the EPI when the weights had been replaced with the wei ghts determined by Data Envelopment Analysis. DEA determines weights t at maximize the performance of each unit with some assumptions. Not for every European country this approach turned out to be the better o ption.

Environmental Performance Evaluation Research of Tianjin

Abstract: Under the theme framework and "PSR" model. this paper, constructed environmental performance assessment system of Tianjin, including 3 second-level indexes(environmental and resource exploitation, ecological and environmental health, ecological protection and environmental management), 7 third-level indexes, and 35 fourth-level indexes. The environmental performance index were estimated from 2007 to 2011 by the integrated evaluation methods of target asymptotic method, historical comparative method, weighting method, environmental performance index method, radar map method, etc. The results showed that the comprehensive environmental performance index of Tianjin increased year by year from 2007 to 2011, while the performance of resource and energy utilization is low, and the other two secondlevel indexes(the ecological health of the ecological, environment protection and environmental management performance) continued to grow steadily.

Measurement of Environmental Performance Index: A Case Study of Thane City

Abstract: Environmental status reporting is crucial for measurement of environmental quality and performance. Today for every city in India, publication of environmental status report (ESR) is mandatory. However, it is important to know how far the cities report exhaustively about all the variables impacting environment and thus enable us to get the correct picture of environmental performance. Maharashtra Pollution Control Board has developed an Indicator Framework Approach to evaluate ESRs and construct environment performance index (EPI). In this paper, we have applied MPCB’s methodology to assess Thane Municipal Corporation’s (TMC’s) environmental reporting and performance using the data provided in ESR of 2012.We found that EPI of Thane is modest and based on inadequate data. We recommend that TMC needs to improve environmental reporting as well as performance of Thane city.

To study effect of economical development on bioenvironmental performance (based on EPI index): dynamic panel model and GMM method

Abstract: Nowadays, bioenvironmental pollutions has changed to one of main management challenges of the countries and almost all countries have considered to this issue according to feel of danger and necessity, to enact national laws or conclude international agreements in order to decrease bioenvironmental damage along with development. Subject of environmental preservation and preventing from its damage are one of challenges of the global society and this is why various conferences have been held during last years and many international and regional conventions have been concluded for preventing environmental damage in the world. Islamic Republic of Iran has also signed many of them and undertook to act in direction of purposes of these conventions. Following these evolutions, various bioenvironmental indexes have been stated by United Nations organization and universities to supervise on processes of bioenvironmental destructions. One of the most important indexes which is comparison criterion of the countries and is published for bioenvironmental preservation every two years, is environmental stability index (ESI) and environmental performance index (EPI) which is published by Eil University and Colombia University. Considering to importance of quality preservation of environment along with economical development, this research studies effect of economical development on bioenvironmental performance (based on EPI index, dynamic panel model and GMM method, according to theoretical fundamentals of Kozentes bioenvironmental curve). In addition to income variable, physical capital and work force are considered as exogenous variable in the pattern used in this study and method of generalized torques is used for pattern evaluation. The results showed that economical conditions of two groups of countries is identical to Kozentes curve and follows it. Kozentes bioenvironmental curve is an experimental relation to show relation between bioenvironmental pollutions and economical development and we can infer that increase of income activates some approaches that decrease bioenvironmental pollutions gained by primary stages of economical development. Most studies confirm presence of a reverse U form relation between quality of environment and economical development. This subject is famous for Kozentes environmental curve (EKC) in economical literatures. Such as any scientific study, the first chapter pays attention to total concepts. In second chapter, at first, economical literatures of Kozentes curve and then, bioenvironmental performance index as one of studied indexes of the world are studied. History of studying about Kozentes curve and its relation with quality index of environment at developing and developed countries has been stated in third chapter. In fourth chapter, methodology and the model are studied. Kozentes curve is studied by panel data considering to information of environmental performance index and gross domestic production at developing and developed countries and the ratios are calculated. After figuring on presence of long term relation between variables and hypothesis of Kozentes curve at developing and developed countries, ratios of patterns are calculated and return point of the curve is determined. Calculations of the model show that return point of Kozentes environmental curve occurs in 485 million dollar and 72 million dollar at developing and developed countries respectively. In fifth chapter, there are conclusion and proposals based on the results of model calculations.

The Sustainability of a Nation's Economy: An Analysis from the Perspective of International Indicators

Abstract: This paper examines sustainability performance of the Mexican economy from the perspective of three international indexes. Information were gathered from reports published by: Environmental Performance Index, Global Green Economy Index, Carbon Monitoring for Action and the National and Latin-American indexes. The objective was to determine Mexico's levels of performance in each index analyzed and contrast these performances with research results obtained in the northern part of the country. This research used an exploratory and descriptive approach to analyze information obtained from databases. Among the main conclusions, is identification of the most important programs and polices needed for the improvement of the country's sustainability performance.JEL: O44KEYWORDS: Sustainability Performance, Economy, MeasurementINTRODUCTIONEnvironmental sustainability is a key factor for the development of humankind in the XXI century. All countries need to ensure the quality of its natural resources, ecosystems and species diversity, to maintain a sustained quality of life. However, as the world population continues to grow, the consumption of materials and production technology intensifies, which impacts quantity and quality of natural resources available (Vlek, 2007). For over a decade, several international organizations have invested immense resources and efforts to measure the performance of nation's environmental sustainability. The countries selected for this study have identified the benefits of measuring performance. However, measures of sustainability do not constitute a parameter of success on the road to sustainable development. It is necessary to consider all elements needed to determine how development helps exceed the minimum quality of life levels.Analysis of official data released by the National Institute of Statistics, Geography and Informatics (INEGI), The Ministry of Environment and the National Institute of Ecology (INE), shows sufficient basis to suggest that Mexico has devastated natural resources with impunity and in dramatic magnitudes. INEGI estimates that, among the countries belonging to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the tentative costs of such destruction, represents ten to thirteen percent of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) generated for the last decade of the past century and close to 11 percent for the first decade of this century. (INEGI, INE, Tijerina, 2002). Real economic growth registered in Mexico in those years, would be negative: between -4.3 and -6.7 percent (INEGI, 2013). At the end of the past century (Hart, 1995, in Senise, 2008) emphasized the need to initiate a drastic change in economic activities, to avoid irreparable damage to basic ecological systems of the planet and ensure ecological sustainability (Senise, 2008). In the context of international cooperation, several agreement have been reached, including those generated in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change to promote climate change mitigation actions (COP-15). According to the Mexico's National Institute of Ecology (INE), 2009 Copenhagen Summit text, establishes an overall goal of warming by no more than 2°C. It also points out that to achieve this goal, developed countries should reduce their emissions by 25-40% below 1990 levels by 2020 and 80-95% by 2050. The text also indicates that developing countries should achieve a significant reduction in emissions. Another significant agreement reached in this summit, is related to financial support to participating countries, which includes funding in the short and medium term in the range of 30 to 100 billion dollars annually by 2020 (INE, 2010). Table 1 highlights the commitments announced by emerging economies in COP-15.Although a plethora of authors address the issue of sustainable development from many perspectives - political, social, economic, geographic, to name a few - there are few publications that address country performance from the optic of how international organizations measure national economies, considering all levels and scopes of sustainable development. …

Examining the Relationship between Natural Gas Consumption and Sustainable Development

Abstract: Natural gas is one of the cleanest and hydrogen-richest energy among all the hydrocarbon energy sources. This paper expects to examine the causal relationship of economic growth with natural gas consumption, sustainable development, and social development. Natural gas is the most principal urban gas source in China. In addition, shale gas has become a new major alternative resource for satisfying the rapidly increasing demand for energy since 2012. Then, the importance of examining the relationship among economic development, natural gas consumption and environmental performance index is obvious and urgent.

New concept of sustainability and Scandinavian countries’ sustainable Development policy

Abstract: This paper is to answer the question: how effective has the Scandinavian countries’ sustainable development policy based on the new concept of sustainability been? At its first part it is given a brief overview of sustainability concept new vision evolution. Then the basic peculiarities of modern Nordic countries’ policy are determined, which is mostly focused on the following directions: decreasing of anthropological burden on the environment, the control of ecological standards maintenance in enterprises activity and increasing the level of energy saving due to the new innovative technologies introduction. The key part of the research is devoted to the policy results justification. For this purpose the basic indicators of economic and social development are analyzed in dynamic from the starting point of Scandinavian Countries’ Sustainable Development Policy (from 1974 and till now). Moreover, they are compared with the world and the European Union average to show the visible progress and the effectiveness of the policy. Being among thirty leaders in the world ratings (Global Competitiveness Index Rating, Human Development Index Rating and Environmental Performance Index Rating) Scandinavian countries demonstrate today strong positions in the world economy and confirm in a better way the right priorities of their policy.

The Sustainability of a Nation's Economy: An Analysis from the Perspective of International Indicators

Abstract: This paper examines sustainability performance of the Mexican economy from the perspective of three international indexes. Information were gathered from reports published by: Environmental Performance Index, Global Green Economy Index, Carbon Monitoring for Action and the National and Latin- American indexes. The objective was to determine Mexico’s levels of performance in each index analyzed and contrast these performances with research results obtained in the northern part of the country. This research used an exploratory and descriptive approach to analyze information obtained from databases. Among the main conclusions, is identification of the most important programs and polices needed for the improvement of the country's sustainability performance.

Does Social Development for Women Impact Environmental Health? A Cross-national Study

Abstract: Women's status in society, benefits granted, and access to resources provided by governmental agencies, can impact the well-being of the environment and public health at the national level. There is a marked scarcity of research in the literature on environmental performance of countries directly affecting human health and the link between women's social development and environmental health. This study aims at executing a cross-country study to examine the effects of social development for women on environmental health by incorporating different variables from World Bank and Environmental Performance Index. The main objective of the study is to empirically test the effects of different components of women's social development practices on environmental health performance of countries and examine if different country clusters by income, i.e., high income, upper middle income, lower middle income, and low income, reveal different results in terms of determining environmental health. Multiple linear regression models were employed to test the eleven hypotheses on a sample of 163 countries. Empirical results show that environmental health performance at the country level is significantly influenced by women's social development dimensions such as unemployment in female labor force in the case of high income countries, vulnerable female employment in upper middle income and low income countries, HIV prevalence in females in upper and lower middle income countries, and females' progression to secondary school in low income countries. A combined country analysis of the effects of women's social development on environmental health, however, shows significant effects of females' primary school completion, HIV prevalence, vulnerable employment and contraceptive prevalence as predictor variables for environmental health. These findings provide useful theoretical and policy implications for women's empowerment and social development initiatives.

Models of Green Economy in Arab Countries Using the Environmental Performance Index

Abstract: This paper aims at characterizing the main trends affecting the environmental and greening economy systems in Arab countries This is tackled through the use of data based on Environmental Performance Index (EPI) with statistical analysis of its related indicators Promising results are attained based on descriptive statistics, trend and regression analyzes besides comparison of oil and non-oil exporting countries The attained results show that Arab countries express different patterns with regard to environmental performance and greening of their economies while statistically significant differences appear between oil and non-oil exporters