Showing papers on "Laminar flow reactor published in 1973"
TL;DR: In this article, the behavior of a spherical particle in the no flow system and the laminar flow system was studied experimentally, using the square-and circular-section tube, and the mechanism of the tubular pinch effect was done on the basis of the observed results.
Abstract: The behaviour of a spherical particle in the no flow system and the laminar flow system was studied experimentally, using the square- and circular-section tube. And, the following facts became evident:
Besides, on the mechanism of the tubular pinch effect, a proposal was done on the basis of the observed results.
76 citations
45 citations
40 citations
TL;DR: The use of a suitably defined critical Reynolds number as an aid in the decision to operate on fusiform aneurysms is noted, as well as the limitations imposed on the experimental and theoretical results by the neglect of flow periodicity and nonhomogeneity.
39 citations
Patent•
IBM1
TL;DR: In this paper, a gaseous phase material inlet filter tube was used to introduce gaseus phase material within a reaction zone and an exhaust pressure baffle to maintain laminar flow throughout the reaction zone.
Abstract: Apparatus for continuously carrying out mass transfer reactions in a reaction chamber utilizing laminar flow to provide diffusion limited transport and to provide isolation between process steps. There is provided a gaseous phase material inlet filter tube to introduce gaseous phase material in laminar flow within a reaction zone and an exhaust pressure baffle to maintain laminar flow throughout the reaction zone. Substrates may be continuously passed through a reaction zone to provide an inline system.
32 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a novel reactor made by coating the inner wall of tubes with an enzyme resin layer was mathematically modeled and the behavior and effectiveness of the reactor were discussed in terms of characteristic dimensionless groups including the reactor coordinate which is inversely proportional to the average overall rate at a given conversion.
29 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors extended the Graetz-problem to the case of variable viscosity and showed that the heat transfer rate is a unique function of the velocity gradient at the wall.
28 citations
27 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a flow visualization technique was used for measuring the non-isothermal, laminar velocity profiles of glycerol in a round tube, and accurate pressure drop measurements were carried out for nonisothermal tube flow of a viscous.
23 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the equations developed by Prager for fully developed laminar flow with swirl in a porous pipe have been solved numerically and a complete description of the solutions is presented using graphs of the skin friction and the velocity profiles.
Abstract: The equations developed by Prager for fully developed laminar flow with swirl in a porous pipe have been solved numerically. A complete description of the solutions is presented using graphs of the skin‐friction and the velocity profiles.
22 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the development of a laminar flow in the entrance of rectangular channels with the ratio of sides 2∶1, 4∵1, and 10∵ 1 was shown.
Abstract: Test data are shown on the development of a laminar flow in the entrance of rectangular channels with the ratio of sides 2∶1, 4∶1, and 10∶1.
TL;DR: In this paper, the non-isothermal, laminar flow of a power-law fluid between parallel plates with a constant plate temperature was studied and the heat transfer rate appeared to be independent of the velocity gradient at the wall.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors derived expressions for the response to a tracer pulse injection into a fluid flowing with a prabolic velocity profile in cylindrical channel, where the injection and detection are each either uniform or proportional to velocity across the channel cross section.
TL;DR: In this article, the amplitude and lifetime of bubble formation in pure water, methanol, and benzene as a function of mixer design, flow velocity, mixing ratio, temperature, way of stopping, as well as way of detection.
Abstract: The time resolution of stopped flow devices is limited by the time required for homogeneous, rapid mixing. At high enough flow velocities cavitation occurs in the liquid, which at high sensitivity obscures optical detection in the early history of the reaction mixture. In a Gibson‐Milnes type stopped flow apparatus, in the flow rate range of 5–10 m sec−1, forced vortex or inertial breakdown is the major mechanism of bubble formation, depending on the way of stopping. The amplitude and lifetime of the effect are reported in pure water, methanol, and benzene as a function of mixer design, flow velocity, mixing ratio, temperature, way of stopping, as well as way of detection.
01 Jun 1973
TL;DR: In this article, an integral profile procedure is used to predict the effects of viscous heating and viscosity reduction on laminar flow development in a uniform pipe of circular cross-section under adiabatic conditions.
Abstract: An integral profile procedure is used to predict the effects of viscous heating and viscosity reduction on laminar flow development in a uniform pipe of circular cross-section under adiabatic conditions. The effects on fluid and pipe wall temperature, though small in the entrance region for conditions likely to be encountered in practice, become significant for viscous fluids in well-developed flow; the reduced pressure drops predicted relative to isothermal flow compare favourably with available measurements when allowance is made for the possibility of axial conduction therein.
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the Mach number and Reynolds number of the main channel flow will exceed the limits of the incompressible and laminar flow assumptions for suction.
TL;DR: In this article, the case of tube modules installed in rectangular tanks is analyzed for ideal flow behavior, and the expression for the effluent tracer concentrations, or detention time distribution, is derived based on the ideal assumptions.
Abstract: High-rate sedimentation tanks have different ideal hydraulic characteristics from those of the standard types. The case of tube modules installed in rectangular tanks is analyzed for ideal flow behavior. Due to the uniform diversion of flow to the tubes above, the horizontal flow velocity is reduced. The total volume of the tank can be divided into three successive zones to which certain ideal properties are assigned. These zones are the inlet, the horizontal flow, and the upward tube flow. The ideal conditions are complete mixing for the inlet zone, laminar with tapered velocity in the horizontal flow zone, and laminar flow in the tube module. For a transient tracer injected at the tank inlet, the expression for the effluent tracer concentrations, or detention time distribution, is derived based on the ideal assumptions. Experimental observations on a laboratory setup were interpreted to obtain actual functional volumes as compared to those provided by the adopted geometric configuration. Deviation from ideal behavior is measured by volumetric efficiency.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured velocity and concentration profiles of confined heterogeneous jets laminar mixing, measuring velocity and density of cells and entrance conditions of the cells and their surroundings.
Abstract: Recirculating cells and entrance conditions influence on confined heterogeneous jets laminar mixing, measuring velocity and concentration profiles
TL;DR: Solvent flow patterns in a column-type, continuous flow apparatus were determined using a flow visualization technique to ensure laminar flow, and this is preferred over the complex, poorly defined flow found with static beaker methods.
TL;DR: In this article, heat transfer and pressure distributions in laminar separated flows downstream of rearwardfacing steps with and without mass suction were investigated at Mach numbers around 4 for the conditions when the boundary-layer thickness was comparable to or larger than the step height.
Abstract: Heat-transfer and pressure distributions in laminar separated flows downstream of rearward-facing steps with and without mass suction were investigated at Mach numbers around 4 for the conditions when the boundary-layer thickness was comparable to or larger than the step height. In both suction and no-suction cases, an increase of the step height resulted in a sharp drop of the base heating rates, which then gradually recovered to less than or near attached-flow values obtained with flat-plate configuration. Mass suction from the step base area increased the local heating rates; this effect, however, was relatively weak for laminar flows tested, and the competing effect of the step height clearly predominated. It was found that even removal of the entire incoming boundary layer was not sufficient to raise the poststep heating rates above the flat-plate values. The base pressure in the no-suction, solid-step case correlated reasonably well with the step height-to-boundary-layer thickness ratio and with the Reynolds number based on the step height.
TL;DR: In this paper, an analytical analysis of the effect of film cooling using single and double slots is presented, where the authors consider the tangential injection of a gas of the same molecular weight as the main flow into a laminar boundary layer.
Abstract: An analytical investigation is presented showing the effect of film cooling using single and double slots. The analysis considers the tangential injection of a gas of the same molecular weight as the main flow into a laminar boundary layer. Results in terms of heat transfer to the wall are presented for different slot heights, and injection velocities for both single and double slot configurations. The results indicate that the double slot is a more effective means of film cooling than the single slot.
TL;DR: Theoretical analysis on the asymmetrical effects of peripheral displacement of rods or unequal rod diameters on longitudinal laminar flow in a finite bundle of rods is presented in this article.
TL;DR: In this paper, a phase-changing interface at the common boundary of gas and liquid laminar flows is investigated numerically under the conditions of constant properties and of flat-surface boundary layers of zero-pressure gradient.
TL;DR: In this article, the nonlinear material balance equations are solved numerically on a digital computer and it is seen from the preliminary numerical results that high Reynolds and Schmidt numbers significantly increase both reaction velocities.
Abstract: Homogeneous consecutive chemical reactions in turbulent flow system is analyzed in this paper. Arbitrary chemical reaction order is considered. The governing nonlinear material balance equations are solved numerically on a digital computer. It is seen from the preliminary numerical results that high Reynolds and Schmidt numbers significantly increase both reaction velocities.