Showing papers on "Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collector published in 2009"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the feasibility of using a nonconcentrating direct absorption solar collector (DAC) and compared its performance with that of a typical flat-plate collector.
Abstract: Due to its renewable and nonpolluting nature, solar energy is often used in applications such as electricity generation, thermal heating, and chemical processing. The most cost-effective solar heaters are of the "flat-plate" type, but these suffer from relatively low efficiency and outlet temperatures. The present study theoretically investigates the feasibility of using a nonconcentrating direct absorption solar collector (DAC) and compares its performance with that of a typical flat-plate collector. Here a nanofluid-a mixture of water and aluminum nanoparticles—is used as the absorbing medium. A two-dimensional heat transfer analysis was developed in which direct sunlight was incident on a thin flowing film of nanofluid. The effects of absorption and scattering within the nanofluid were accounted for. In order to evaluate the temperature profile and intensity distribution within the nanofluid, the energy balance equation and heat transport equation were solved numerically. It was observed that the presence of nanoparticles increases the absorption of incident radiation by more than nine times over that of pure water. According to the results obtained from this study, under similar operating conditions, the efficiency of a DA C using nanofluid as the working fluid is found to be up to 10% higher (on an absolute basis) than that of a flat-plate collector. Generally a DAC using nanofluids as the working fluid performs better than a flat-plate collector, however, much better designed flat-plate collectors might be able to match or outperform a nanofluids based DAC under certain conditions.
600 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a study of the appropriateness of glass cover on a thermosyphon-based water-heating photovoltaic-thermal (PV/T) system was carried out.
465 citations
TL;DR: In this article, preliminary energy and exergy efficiency analyses are performed for a photovoltaic-hydrogen/fuel cell hybrid energy system in Denizli, Turkey, and three different energy demand paths are considered.
403 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an economic optimization of the solar multiple for a solar-only parabolic trough plant, using neither hybridization nor thermal storage, was presented, with the same parameters in the power block but different solar field sizes.
385 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, three stand-alone photovoltaic power systems using different energy storage technologies are studied, including PV modules, fuel cells, electrolyzers, compressors, hydrogen tanks and batteries.
333 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an attempt is made to evaluate the thermal performance of a hybrid photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) air collector system with glass-to-glass (S2S) and glass to glass (S3S) modules.
304 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a thorough literature investigation into the use of phase change material (PCM) in solar water heating has been considered and it has been demonstrated that for a better thermal performance of solar water heater a phase-change material with high latent heat and with large surface area for heat transfer is required.
Abstract: Latent heat thermal energy storage is one of the most efficient ways to store thermal energy for heating water by energy received from sun. This paper summarizes the investigation and analysis of thermal energy storage incorporating with and without PCM for use in solar water heaters. The relative studies are classified on the basis of type of collector and the type of storage used i.e. sensible or latent. A thorough literature investigation into the use of phase change material (PCM) in solar water heating has been considered. It has been demonstrated that for a better thermal performance of solar water heater a phase change material with high latent heat and with large surface area for heat transfer is required.
297 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a small scale hybrid solar heating, chilling and power generation system, including parabolic trough solar collector with cavity receiver, a helical screw expander and silica gel-water adsorption chiller, was proposed and extensively investigated.
211 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a thorough review of photovoltaic thermal systems is done on the basis of its performance based on electrical as well as thermal output, and a case study for PV and PV/T system based on exergetic analysis is presented.
Abstract: In this paper, a thorough review of photovoltaic and photovoltaic thermal systems is done on the basis of its performance based on electrical as well as thermal output. Photovoltaic systems are classified according to their use, i.e., electricity production and thermal applications along with the electricity production. The application of various photovoltaic systems is also discussed in detail. The performance analysis including all aspects, e.g., electrical, thermal, energy, and exergy efficiency are also discussed. A case study for PV and PV/T system based on exergetic analysis is presented.
207 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a novel photovoltaic/thermal solar-assisted heat pump (PV/T-SAHP) system is described, which is a specially designed directexpansion evaporator, which was laminated with PV cells on the front surface of the thermal absorber, has been adopted in our system to acquire simultaneously thermal energy and electricity from solar radiation.
TL;DR: In this paper, the design of a building integrated photovoltaic/thermal (BIPVT) solar collector was theoretically analyzed through the use of a modified Hottel-Whillier model and was validated with experimental data from testing on a prototype BIPVT collector.
TL;DR: In this article, an indoor standard test procedure has been developed for thermal and electrical testing of PV/T collectors connected in series, which can be used by manufacturers for testing of different types of PV modules in order to optimize its products.
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of the solar multiple on the annual performance of parabolic trough solar thermal power plants with direct steam generation (DSG) was analyzed, with a reference system selected is a 50MW e DSG power plant, with thermal storage and auxiliary natural gas-fired boiler.
TL;DR: In this article, an attempt is made to investigate the performance characteristics of a photovoltaic (PV) and PV/T system based on energy and exergy efficiencies, respectively.
TL;DR: In this article, an analytical expression for the water temperature of an integrated photovoltaic thermal solar (IPVTS) water heater under constant flow rate hot water withdrawal has been obtained.
TL;DR: In this paper, an attempt has been made to derive the analytical expressions for N hybrid photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) air collectors connected in series, and the performance of collectors is evaluated by considering the two different cases, namely, Case I (air collector is fully covered by PV module (glass to glass) and air flows above the absorber plate) and Case II (aer collector is completely covered by a glass to glass (glass-to-glass) and water flows below the absorBER plate).
TL;DR: In this paper, a detailed analysis of the energy and economic performance of desiccant cooling systems (DEC) equipped with both single glazed standard air and hybrid photovoltaic/thermal (PV/t) collectors for applications in hot and humid climates is presented.
TL;DR: In this article, a building-integrated photovoltaic/water-heating (BiPVW) system is able to generate higher energy output per unit collector area than the conventional solar systems.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a new approach to solar hydrogen production with the integration of methanol steam reforming and middle-temperature solar thermal energy, which can reach levels higher than 90% and the volumetric concentration of hydrogen in the gas products can account for 66−74% above the solar flux of 580 W/m 2.
TL;DR: In this article, a review of recent solar applications is presented, where glass-to-glass PV modules and solar photocatalytic glass surfaces are identified as elements of a green architecture combining renewable power generating and destruction of air pollutants of urban environments.
Abstract: Solar technologies are projected to increase tremendously over the next 10 years. Glasses are playing an important role as transparent materials of photovoltaic (PV) cells and concentrating solar power (CSP) systems. Glasses are materials of short energy payback time and environmental compatibility suitable for sustainable energy concepts. The paper reviews recent solar applications. Surface structuring and coating of glasses are shown to improve energy efficiency for solar conversion systems substantially. Encapsulated glass-to-glass PV modules and solar photocatalytic glass surfaces are identified as elements of a green architecture combining renewable power generating and destruction of air pollutants of urban environments. Emerging solar technologies for power generation, including transparent PV modules, solar chimney and thermoelectric systems may become significant areas of future solar glass applications.
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the potential of deploying a distributed network of PV CHP hybrid systems in order to increase the PV penetration level in the U.S. single family residences.
Abstract: The recent development of small scale combined heat and power (CHP) systems has provided the opportunity for in-house power backup of residential-scale photovoltaic (PV) arrays. This paper investigates the potential of deploying a distributed network of PV CHP hybrid systems in order increase the PV penetration level in the U.S. The temporal distribution of solar flux, electrical and heating requirements for representative U.S. single family residences were analyzed and the results clearly show that hybridizing CHP with PV can enable additional PV deployment above what is possible with a conventional centralized electric generation system. The technical evolution of such PV CHP hybrid systems was developed from the present (near market) technology through four generations, which enable high utilization rates of both PV-generated electricity and CHP-generated heat. A method to determine the maximum percent of PV-generated electricity on the grid without energy storage was derived and applied to an example area. The results show that a PV CHP hybrid system not only has the potential to radically reduce energy waste in the status quo electrical and heating systems, but it also enables the share of solar PV to be expanded by about a factor of five.
TL;DR: In this article, a practical field study has been carried out with the intention to analyze and compare the performance of various types of commercially available solar panels under Malaysia's weather conditions, and four different types of solar panels, such as mono-crystalline silicon, multiscale silicon, amorphous silicon, and copper-indium-diselenide (CISD) solar panels are used for the real field study.
01 Mar 2009
TL;DR: In this paper, seven new design configurations of absorber collectors are designed, investigated and compared, and simulations were performed to determine the best absorber design that gives the highest efficiency (total efficiency).
Abstract: Much effort has been spent on the development of hybrid PVT, in order to improve it efficiency of both, thermal and cell. The combination of thermal and cell efficiencies, which is commonly known as "total efficiency of the PVT", is influenced by many system design parameters and operating conditions. Due to that, seven new design configurations of absorber collectors are designed, investigated and compared. Simulations were performed to determine the best absorber design that gives the highest efficiency (total efficiency). In these simulations, the system is analyzed with various parameters, such as solar radiation, ambient temperature, and flow rate conditions. It is assumed that the collector is represented as a flat plate thermal collector with single glazing sheet. Based on these simulations, spiral flow design proved to be the best design with the highest thermal efficiency of 50.12% and corresponding cell efficiency of 11.98%.
TL;DR: In this article, the performance simulation results of an OTEC plant that utilizes not only ocean thermal energy but also solar thermal energy as a heat source were described. And the results show that the proposed SOTEC plant can potentially enhance the annual mean net thermal efficiency up to a value that is approximately 1.5 times higher than that of the conventional OTEC plants if a single-glazed flat-plate solar collector of 5000m 2 effective area is installed to boost the temperature of warm sea water by 20 k.
TL;DR: In this paper, the most representative five projects including both absorption and adsorption cooling systems are introduced and summarized, and they have been shown to be more suitable for large building air-conditioning systems.
Abstract: In the past decades, solar water collectors were installed for the main purpose of preheating domestic hot water or to cover a fraction of the space heating demand in China. However, solar cooling systems were constructed just for demonstration purposes. Since the building of the first solar-powered absorption cooling system in Shenzhen in 1987, there have been over 10 additional solar cooling demonstration projects constructed. In this paper, the most representative five projects including both absorption and adsorption cooling systems are introduced and summarized. From the demonstrations, solar absorption cooling systems have been shown to be more suitable for large building air-conditioning systems. Comparatively, solar adsorption cooling systems are more promising for small size air-conditioning systems. In order to attain high utilization ratio, it is highly recommended to design solar-powered integrated energy systems in public buildings. In addition, highly efficient heat pumps are considered as the most appropriate auxiliary heat sources for solar cooling systems, for the purpose of all-weather operation. In the 11th Five year research project (duration 2006–2010), solar cooling technologies will be further investigated to achieve a breaking through in the integration of solar cooling systems with buildings.
TL;DR: In this paper, a simplified mathematical model was developed to study round the year effectiveness of photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) and earth air heat exchanger (EAHE) integrated with a greenhouse, located at IIT Delhi, India.
TL;DR: In this article, a solar hybrid theory is derived for the electrosynthesis of energetic molecules at efficiency greater than that for the solar energy conversion efficiency of photovoltaics.
Abstract: In this study, a solar hybrid theory is derived for the electrosynthesis of energetic molecules at efficiency greater than that for the solar energy conversion efficiency of photovoltaics. The theory distinguishes radiation that drives photovoltaic charge transfer and applies all excess energy to heat and decrease the energy of endothermic electrolysis reactions. The theory for this original process is derived for the solar generation of energetically rich chemicals, including chlorine, iron, aluminum, magnesium, lithium, and sodium, and to proactively convert anthropogenic CO2 generated in burning fossil fuels. The process directs energy sufficient (super-bandgap) sunlight to drive photovoltaic charge transfer, and all remaining (sub-bandgap and excess super-bandgap energy) sunlight to heat and decrease the energy of an electrolysis reaction. In a 650 °C molten carbonate electrolysis configuration, from the STEP (solar thermal electrochemical photo) conversion theory, sunlight will recycle and remove CO2...
Patent•
02 Apr 2009
TL;DR: In this paper, a system for generating electrical power from solar radiation utilizing a thin film III-V compound multijunction semiconductor solar cell mounted on a support in a non-planar configuration is presented.
Abstract: A system for generating electrical power from solar radiation utilizing a thin film III-V compound multijunction semiconductor solar cell mounted on a support in a non-planar configuration.