Showing papers on "Pyrolysis published in 2023"
TL;DR: In this article , a caffeine chelation-triggered pyrolysis approach was developed to construct graphene-wrapped Fe3C nanoparticles incorporated in hierarchically porous FeNC nanosheets (G-Fe3C/FeNC).
34 citations
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of the research and development in state-of-the-art ML applications in pyrolysis, torrefaction, hydrothermal treatment, gasification, and combustion can be found in this paper .
26 citations
TL;DR: In this article , a comprehensive overview of tar formation and transformation mechanisms is provided, and the adverse effects of tar on downstream applications, human health or environment, and tar analyzing techniques (online and off-line) are discussed.
24 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the relationship between CO 2 adsorption performance and nucleophilicity of O-containing groups was established, and a subsequent TG-MS experiment also proved that the introduction of nucleophilic group can promote interaction between CO2 and carbon surface.
22 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors synthesized FeCo alloyed nanocrystals entrapped in N-doped graphitic carbon nanotubes on nanosheets (FeCo-N-GCTSss) by 8-aminoquinoline coordination-induced pyrolysis, whose morphology, structures, and property were characterized in details.
20 citations
TL;DR: In this article , a simple top-down pyrolysis approach to obtain P-modified Co SACs loaded on the crosslinked defect-rich carbon nanosheets was introduced for alkaline hydrogen evolution, where Co atoms are locally confined before pyrolys to prevent aggregation.
Abstract: Efficient and low-cost transition metal single-atom catalysts (TMSACs) for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) have been recognized as research hotspots recently with advances in delivering good catalytic activity without noble metals. However, the high-cost complex preparation of TMSACs and insufficient stability limited their practical applications. Herein, a simple top-down pyrolysis approach to obtain P-modified Co SACs loaded on the crosslinked defect-rich carbon nanosheets was introduced for alkaline hydrogen evolution, where Co atoms are locally confined before pyrolysis to prevent aggregation. Thereby, the abundant defects and the unsaturated coordination formed during the pyrolysis significantly improved the stability of the monatomic structure and reduced the reaction barrier. Furthermore, the synergy between cobalt atoms and phosphorus atoms was established to optimize the decomposition process of water molecules, which delivers the key to promoting the slow reaction kinetics of alkaline HER. As the result, the cobalt SAC exhibited excellent catalytic activity and stability for alkaline HER, with overpotentials of 70 mV and 192 mV at current densities of -10 mA cm-2 and -100 mA cm-2, respectively.
19 citations
TL;DR: In this article , a review paper summarizes the recent research studies on the composition of biochar that controls carbon presence in soil, as well as BCs role in improving soil fertility and carbon sequestration.
Abstract: Biochar (BC) properties and its influences within agricultural soil health and environmental ecosystems largely depend on feedstock, residence time and pyrolysis conditions. The organic and inorganic contaminants from soil can be removed using BC as an adsorbent. Additionally, soil amendment with BC is known to improve overall soil quality, microbial and enzymatic activities and soil organic carbon content with nutrient retention and availability. Moreover, one of the great impacts of BC is its capability to capture soil nutrients and sequestrate carbon. The physicochemical properties of biochar could be affected by the feedstocks and pyrolysis conditions (temperature, duration, activation method, etc.). This review paper summarizes the recent research studies on the composition of BC that controls carbon presence in soil, as well as BCs role in improving soil fertility and carbon sequestration, which has not been reported in detail yet. The main finding of the present work revealed that the high pyrolytic temperatures in BC production may have negative impacts on phyto-availability of essential nutrients. Depending on the feedstock raw material and pyrolysis process used for producing BC, it has different capacities for releasing nutrients in the soil. An economically feasible method of producing newly engineered biochar, with more controlled pyrolysis and C-based materials, for suitable agriculture needs to be developed. Further investigation should be carried out to optimize the production procedure and its application to local farming community for sustainable agriculture.
18 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors investigated the characteristics of nitrogen-containing compounds (NCCs) during protein-rich spirulina platensis pyrolysis in a ternary eutectic carbonate at different temperatures (450-600 °C).
18 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the effects of oxidative torrefaction on physicochemical properties and pyrolysis products distributions of torrefied hemicellulose derived from bamboo processing residues were investigated.
17 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the co-pyrolysis of lignocellulosic and macroalgae biomass feedstocks is investigated and the synergistic effect which is the key reason behind the improvement in the yield and quality of bio-oil obtained from the coprolysis process of these two feedstocks was also examined.
17 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors proposed a method to solve the problem of the problem: the one-dimensional graph.
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TL;DR: In this article , a 3D nitrogen-doped porous carbon with core-shell Ni3Sn2@carbon particles was customized through a simple salt-template pyrolysis approach.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors show the directions how to realize the objectives of full recyclability of polyolefins via chemical recycling, or can it become a reality? The main problem in recycling plastic waste is that its composition is highly heterogeneous while sorting and purifying solutions to obtain mono-streams are complex and require large investments, thereby hampering the economy of scale.
TL;DR: In this article , several simple and efficient machine learning (ML) models were used to predict the electrical capacity of biochar through activation conditions, biochar properties, and testing conditions.
TL;DR: In this paper , a biochar derived from orange peels was modified using LaCl3 to enhance its tetracycline (TC) adsorption capacity, and the results demonstrated that La was uniformly coated on the surface of the biochar.
TL;DR: In this paper , the effect of pyrolysis T on biochar physicochemical structure evolution was studied, and the results showed that the biochar yield decreased with temperature increasing, the addition of Li 2 CO 3 -K 2 CO3 salt enhanced heat transfer and promoted charring reactions to form more char.
TL;DR: In this article , the carbon-supported cobalt catalyst (Co-C-X) for activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS), and investigated the effect of co-pyrolysis temperature of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) and vitamin B 12 on the catalytic activity.
Abstract: This study prepared the carbon-supported cobalt catalyst (Co-C-X) for activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS), and investigated the effect of co-pyrolysis temperature of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) and vitamin B 12 on the catalytic activity. It was found that with the increase of co-pyrolysis temperature, the catalytic activity of Co-C-X increased, due to the different coordination structures of cobalt. At 500 o C (Co-C-500), cobalt existed as CoO; while it was single atom Co at 600 o C (Co-C-600); and small size CoO at 700 o C (Co-C-700). Co-C-X could activate PMS to produce hydroxyl radicals, sulfate radicals, high-valent cobalt-oxo and singlet oxygen, which depended on the pyrolysis temperature. Although Co-C-700 had the highest catalytic activity, the leaching cobalt was also highest (3.23 mg/L), compared with that of Co-C-500 (0.27 mg/L) and Co-C-600 (0.14 mg/L). Co-C-600 had fast degradation for atrazine, nitrobenzene, bisphenol A, phenol and 4-chlorophenol, which also had wide pH range and high tolerance to inorganic ions. • Pyrolysis temperature could modulate the coordination structure of cobalt atom. • Co single atom catalyst was obtained via co-pyrolysis of g-C 3 N 4 and VB 12 at 600 o C. • Multi reactive species were identified in the system of Co-C-X/PMS. • Co-C-X/PMS could effectively degrade various emerging organic pollutants.
TL;DR: In this article , a review of the state-of-the-art technologies for converting bio-oil into value-added products from thermochemical conversion of biomass is presented. But, most of these technologies are still in the research and development phase and cannot be scaled up due to technological limitations and cost intensive.
TL;DR: In this article , a waterproof magnetic carbon foam (CF) was successfully prepared using a simple high-temperature pyrolysis and dip coating process, where the magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were homogeneously and tightly encapsulated on the carbon skeleton of CF with the help of low surface energy PDMS, achieving the expected high-efficient EMW absorption performance.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors collected data on the application of biochar-compost in several problem soils that are well-known and extensively investigated by agronomists and scientists, and summarized the effects of the biocharcompost application in common problem soils.
TL;DR: The controllable construction of Fe,N co-doped carbon (Fe-N-C) nanocomposite has highly potential in replacing the noble metal catalysts as discussed by the authors .
Abstract: The controllable construction of Fe,N co-doped carbon (Fe-N-C) nanocomposite has highly potential in replacing the noble metal catalysts. Herein, the Fe/N/P-tridoped expanded carbon nanotubes (P-Fe-N-CNTs) are prepared according to a simple one-step pyrolysis procedure. The unexpanded Fe-N-C carbon nanotubes (Feu-N-CNTs) are also fabricated for comparision. The expanded P-Fe-N-CNTs yields a high half-wave potential (E1/2) of 0.8843 V compared with unexpanded Feu-N-CNT and commercial Pt/C. Furthermore, the expanded P-Fe-N-CNT as catalyst of Zn-air battery achieves high electrocatalytic performance, which is better than commercial Pt/C material. The unique architecture of expanded P-Fe-N-CNTs can improve the specific surface area and promote the formation the abundant active site, thus promoting the ORR kinetic process. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations futher confirm that suitable P doping can regulate the electronic structures of the active catalytic sites. The work provides a controllable way to prepare rational expanded P-Fe-N-CNTs for different applications, especially in Zn-air battery.
TL;DR: In this paper , a review of the latest developments the lignin waste valorization by catalytic pyrolysis from the aspects of Lignin structure characteristics, catalytic pyrite mode, catalyst types, and reaction system, respectively, is presented.
Abstract: The lignin waste from lignocellulose biorefinery limits its green recycling development. Lignin is a kind of natural aromatic polymer with a complex three-dimensional amorphous structure. Catalytic pyrolysis technology has been employed to convert lignin waste into high-grade aromatic compounds, which can realize the full-component refining of biomass. However, the catalytic pyrolysis of lignin has faced problems such as low target product selectivity and poor catalyst stability, which affects the conversion efficiency and economy. This review aims to scope the latest developments the lignin waste valorization by catalytic pyrolysis from the aspects of lignin structure characteristics, catalytic pyrolysis mode, catalyst types, and catalytic pyrolysis reaction system, respectively. The latest aspects of catalyst and catalytic pyrolysis reaction system development in the lignin pyrolysis process have been emphatically analyzed. Based on a critical analysis of the scientific literature, the industrial symbiosis model of cross-industry comprehensive utilization of biorefinery lignin waste with a focus on catalytic pyrolysis technology was proposed for accurately incorporating catalytic pyrolysis technology into the biorefinery system. Finally, several perspectives on designing efficient and commercial application strategies of lignin waste energy utilization are addressed. This review can provide a scientific reference for further research studies on lignin waste residue produced by lignocellulose biorefinery.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigated the co-pyrolysis of two types of biomass (pine bark and wheat straw) with Tetra Pak waste (TPW) using a fixed-bed reactor equipped with an innovative system, where a sample was rapidly heated to 600 °C before being rapidly cooled.
TL;DR: In this article , a two-dimensional (2D) semiconductive MOF (Cu-S-MOF) was reported as broadband high-performance MAMs, which can reach 6.72 GHz (9.68-16.4 GHz) at a thickness of 1.5 mm and a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) value of -52.8 dB at 1.69 mm.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors showed that about 20 wt% SiC is optimum for the ZrC-SiC composite ceramics to perform best during the ablation and modify the uneven C/C composites prepared in this work.
TL;DR: In this paper , a pyrogenic carbon-Cu0/Fe3O4 heteroatoms (FCBC) was used for co-pyrolysis in CO2 ambiance to determine the roles of each component in PDS activation.
Abstract: Herein, a one-step co-pyrolysis protocol was adopted for the first time to prepare a novel pyrogenic carbon-Cu0/Fe3O4 heteroatoms (FCBC) in CO2 ambiance to discern the roles of each component in PDS activation. During co-pyrolysis, CO2 catalyzed formation of reducing gases by biomass which facilitated reductive transformation of Fe3+ and Cu2+ to Cu0 and Fe3O4, respectively. According to the analysis, the resulting metal (oxide) catalyzed graphitization of biocharand decomposition of volatile substances resulting in an unprecedented surface area (1240 m2/g). The resulting FCBC showed greater structural defects and less electrical impedance. Batch experiments indicated that Rhodamine B (RhB) degradation by FCBC (100%) was superior to Fe3O4 (50%) and Cu0/Fe3O4 (76.4%) in persulfate (PDS) system, which maintained reasonable efficiency (75.6%-63.6%) within three cycles. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) associated with RhB degradation was identified by an electron paramagnetic resonance and confirmed by scavenging experiments. RhB degradation invoked both (sulfate and dominantly hydroxyl) radical and non-radical (singlet oxygen, 1O2) pathways. Regarding FCBC, Cu0 can continuously react with Fe3+ in Fe3O4 to generate larger quantities of Fe2+, and both Cu0 and Fe2+ activated PDS to yield sulfate radicals which was quickly converted to hydroxyl radical. Besides, Cu0/Cu2+ could complex with PDS to form a metastable complex, which particularly contributed to 1O2 generation. These cascade reactions by FCBC were reinforced by carbonyl group of biochar and favorable electron transfer ability. This work highlighted a new approach to prepare a magnetic and environment-benign heterogonous catalyst to remove organic pollutants in water.
TL;DR: In this article , the co-pyrolysis performance of polyethylene and spent coffee grounds was investigated in the presence of varying temperature and blend ratio, and the results showed that the pyrolytic performance of the two fuels can be improved by using artificial neural network based joint optimization.
TL;DR: In this paper , the synergistic mechanism of biomass and plastic co-pyrolysis is described, and recent advances in this field are comprehensively presented, and the importance of applying circular bioeconomy frameworks on biomass and plastics wastes are also highlighted.
Abstract: Fossil fuels have provided humans with an enormous and stable primary energy source to rapidly develop advanced technologies, increasingly efficient machines and industries, as well as greater varieties of consumer products. While humans enjoy the conveniences of the modern world, critical global issues have also been created, such as an exponential hike in waste generation, rapid depletion of finite fossil fuels, greater environmental pollution, and climate change. Two major anthropogenic wastes are biomass waste and plastic waste. Each year, 464 million tonnes of plastic waste are generated globally, with only 20% recycled, 25% incinerated, while 55% landfilled. Likewise, 140 billion tonnes of biomass from the agriculture sector and 181.5 billion tonnes of lignocellulosic biomass from forestry and agricultural residues are produced worldwide annually, with only 40% and 4.5% biomass reuse respectively. This mountainous underutilised biomass and plastic wastes presented a good opportunity for recycling into biofuels instead of landfilling or open dumping, thus promoting circular bioeconomy. Pyrolysis stands out as a promising thermochemical route to synthesize biofuels, and co-pyrolysis of biomass and plastic benefits from synergistic interactions between both feedstocks, enhancing the yield and quality of biofuels. Therefore, in this review, the synergistic mechanism of biomass and plastic co-pyrolysis is described, and recent advances in this field are comprehensively presented. The importance of applying circular bioeconomy frameworks on biomass and plastic wastes are also highlighted.
TL;DR: In this paper , the transition metal (Fe, Co, Mn, and Cu) impregnated melamine-phloroglucinol-formaldehyde (MPF) polymeric networks were derived metal-nitrogen-carbon (MNC) electrocatalysts via a robust synthesis route.