Francisco P. J. Valero

TL;DR: The Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX) documented this Indo-Asian haze at scales ranging from individual particles to its contribution to the regional climate forcing as discussed by the authors, and integrated the multiplatform observations (satellites, aircraft, ships, surface stations, and balloons) with one-and four-dimensional models to derive the regional aerosol forcing resulting from the direct, the semidirect and the two indirect effects.

TL;DR: The First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Arctic Clouds Experiment was conducted in the Arctic during April through July, 1998 as mentioned in this paper, and the primary goal of the field experiment was to gather the data needed to examine the impact of arctic clouds on the radiation exchange between the surface, atmosphere, and space, and to study how the surface influences the evolution of boundary layer clouds.

TL;DR: In this paper, an infrared multiple-scattering model is used to compute heating rates in tropical anvils, and it is concluded that the heating may have important consequences for upward mass transport in the tropics.

TL;DR: Aircraft measurements of solar flux in the cloudy tropical atmosphere reveal that solar absorption by clouds is anomalously large when compared to theoretical estimates, indicating a significant difference between measurements and theory and imply that the interaction between clouds and solar radiation is poorly understood.

TL;DR: In this article, a quality control process involving outliers processing, homogenization, and interpolation has been applied to 95 monthly precipitation series in the Iberian Peninsula, southern France, and northern Africa during the period 1899-1989.