Introduction 1. Woman's Place in Man's Life Cycle 2. Images of Relationship 3. Concepts of Self and Morality 4. Crisis and Transition 5. Women's Rights and Women's Judgment 6. Visions of Maturity References Index of Study Participants General Index

In a Different Voice. Psychological Theory and Women’s Development. Cambridge, MA (Harvard University Press) 1982.

The planetary boundaries framework defines a safe operating space for humanity based on the intrinsic biophysical processes that regulate the stability of the Earth system. Here, we revise and update the planetary boundary framework, with a focus on the underpinning biophysical science, based on targeted input from expert research communities and on more general scientific advances over the past 5 years. Several of the boundaries now have a two-tier approach, reflecting the importance of cross-scale interactions and the regional-level heterogeneity of the processes that underpin the boundaries. Two core boundaries—climate change and biosphere integrity—have been identified, each of which has the potential on its own to drive the Earth system into a new state should they be substantially and persistently transgressed.

/pdf/planetary-boundaries-guiding-human-development-on-a-changing-5gmf909etg.pdf

Planetary boundaries: Guiding human development on a changing planet

The power of feedback.

▪ Abstract Local habitat and biological diversity of streams and rivers are strongly influenced by landform and land use within the surrounding valley at multiple scales. However, empirical associations between land use and stream response only varyingly succeed in implicating pathways of influence. This is the case for a number of reasons, including (a) covariation of anthropogenic and natural gradients in the landscape; (b) the existence of multiple, scale-dependent mechanisms; (c) nonlinear responses; and (d) the difficulties of separating present-day from historical influences. Further research is needed that examines responses to land use under different management strategies and that employs response variables that have greater diagnostic value than many of the aggregated measures in current use. In every respect, the valley rules the stream.      H.B.N. Hynes (1975)

http://deq.idaho.gov/media/525804-Landscapes_Riverscapes_Influence_landuse_stream_ecosystems_Allan_2004.pdf

Landscapes and Riverscapes: The Influence of Land Use on Stream Ecosystems

Biocomposites reinforced with natural fibers: 2000–2010

Many marine renewable energy (MRE) conversion systems including wave, floating wind, Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) and some tidal energy devices, are moored in place. The choice of mooring system is critical as it directly affects installation, energy take-off, and long term reliability, and hence has a significant influence on costs. Installation has been estimated to account for 27% of lifetime cost for a tidal turbine [1]. This is an area where the other marine industries, notably offshore oil and gas, have extensive experience, but the high energy regions in which MRE devices are deployed pose particular installation difficulties and operating conditions. There has been a strong movement towards replacing steel with synthetic fiber ropes offshore in recent years, particularly in deep water off Brazil and in the Gulf of Mexico [2,3]. Lightweight materials can simplify handling and reduce vessel and crane size but this is not the prime mover towards synthetic fiber moorings for marine energy. The main arguments are the possibility to adapt the mooring to the large movements of floating devices, using rope compliance to reduce peak loads while minimizing energy loss, and reduced cost. This requires both a detailed knowledge of the material options and design tools which can optimize stiffness, strength, damping and long term behavior. The large range of fibers and rope constructions available offers extensive possibilities for tailoring the mooring to the response of the device and maximizing energy recovery.

A review of synthetic fiber moorings for marine energy applications

Paying for Education: Debating the Price of Progress

The authors investigate the size and stability of departmental effects in English secondary schooling during a period in which extensions to parental choice and annual publication of school performance tables had significantly increased competitive pressures on schools. Their database of nearly 450 English secondary schools enables them to investigate departments in terms of both their unadjusted and value-added average students' performance in national examinations. They are interested in the nature of within-school competition and concentrate upon two subjects, geography and history, which were optional subjects in each of these schools. In general, they find that relative departmental performance varies significantly over time and that few departments manage to persistently out-perform the other subject in their school. They conclude that given the instability of relative departmental performance, publication of department-level performance indicators is unlikely to generate strong incentives for departments to raise their effort and effectiveness.

Increasing within‐school competition: a case for department level performance indicators?

This paper presents an experimental study of the initiation and development of damage in composite/composite joints. The materials studied are glass fibre reinforced polyester laminates and these are bonded together using an epoxy adhesive. Two types of joint interface are examined, assemblies between woven roving layers and between mat layers. The experimental techniques employed are dye impregnation, extensometry, visual observation and photoelasticimetry. It is shown that the nature of the surface layer does not influence the damage initiation load but does affect subsequent crack propagation.

Peter Davies

Papers

A review of synthetic fiber moorings for marine energy applications

Paying for Education: Debating the Price of Progress

Increasing within‐school competition: a case for department level performance indicators?

Damage Mechanisms in Composite/Composite Bonded Joints Under Static Tensile Loading

Attitudes and aspirations in educational attainment: exploring causality