Thank you for reading principles of optics electromagnetic theory of propagation interference and diffraction of light. As you may know, people have search hundreds times for their favorite novels like this principles of optics electromagnetic theory of propagation interference and diffraction of light, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some infectious bugs inside their computer.

Principles Of Optics Electromagnetic Theory Of Propagation Interference And Diffraction Of Light

Tables of integrals

Metamaterials are composed of periodic subwavelength metal/dielectric structures that resonantly couple to the electric and/or magnetic components of the incident electromagnetic fields, exhibiting properties that are not found in nature. This class of micro- and nano-structured artificial media have attracted great interest during the past 15 years and yielded ground-breaking electromagnetic and photonic phenomena. However, the high losses and strong dispersion associated with the resonant responses and the use of metallic structures, as well as the difficulty in fabricating the micro- and nanoscale 3D structures, have hindered practical applications of metamaterials. Planar metamaterials with subwavelength thickness, or metasurfaces, consisting of single-layer or few-layer stacks of planar structures, can be readily fabricated using lithography and nanoprinting methods, and the ultrathin thickness in the wave propagation direction can greatly suppress the undesirable losses. Metasurfaces enable a spatially varying optical response (e.g. scattering amplitude, phase, and polarization), mold optical wavefronts into shapes that can be designed at will, and facilitate the integration of functional materials to accomplish active control and greatly enhanced nonlinear response. This paper reviews recent progress in the physics of metasurfaces operating at wavelengths ranging from microwave to visible. We provide an overview of key metasurface concepts such as anomalous reflection and refraction, and introduce metasurfaces based on the Pancharatnam-Berry phase and Huygens' metasurfaces, as well as their use in wavefront shaping and beam forming applications, followed by a discussion of polarization conversion in few-layer metasurfaces and their related properties. An overview of dielectric metasurfaces reveals their ability to realize unique functionalities coupled with Mie resonances and their low ohmic losses. We also describe metasurfaces for wave guidance and radiation control, as well as active and nonlinear metasurfaces. Finally, we conclude by providing our opinions of opportunities and challenges in this rapidly developing research field.

A review of metasurfaces: physics and applications.

The advent of negative index materials has spawned extensive research into metamaterials over the past decade. Metamaterials are attractive not only for their exotic electromagnetic properties, but also their promise for applications. A particular branch–the metamaterial perfect absorber (MPA)–has garnered interest due to the fact that it can achieve unity absorptivity of electromagnetic waves. Since its first experimental demonstration in 2008, the MPA has progressed significantly with designs shown across the electromagnetic spectrum, from microwave to optical. In this Progress Report we give an overview of the field and discuss a selection of examples and related applications. The ability of the MPA to exhibit extreme performance flexibility will be discussed and the theory underlying their operation and limitations will be established. Insight is given into what we can expect from this rapidly expanding field and future challenges will be addressed.

https://www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/adma.201200674

Metamaterial Electromagnetic Wave Absorbers

Metamaterials are composed of periodic subwavelength metal/dielectric structures that resonantly couple to the electric and/or magnetic components of the incident electromagnetic fields, exhibiting properties that are not found in nature. Planar metamaterials with subwavelength thickness, or metasurfaces, consisting of single-layer or few-layer stacks of planar structures, can be readily fabricated using lithography and nanoprinting methods, and the ultrathin thickness in the wave propagation direction can greatly suppress the undesirable losses. Metasurfaces enable a spatially varying optical response, mold optical wavefronts into shapes that can be designed at will, and facilitate the integration of functional materials to accomplish active control and greatly enhanced nonlinear response. This paper reviews recent progress in the physics of metasurfaces operating at wavelengths ranging from microwave to visible. We provide an overview of key metasurface concepts such as anomalous reflection and refraction, and introduce metasurfaces based on the Pancharatnam-Berry phase and Huygens' metasurfaces, as well as their use in wavefront shaping and beam forming applications, followed by a discussion of polarization conversion in few-layer metasurfaces and their related properties. An overview of dielectric metasurfaces reveals their ability to realize unique functionalities coupled with Mie resonances and their low ohmic losses. We also describe metasurfaces for wave guidance and radiation control, as well as active and nonlinear metasurfaces. Finally, we conclude by providing our opinions of opportunities and challenges in this rapidly developing research field.

A review of metasurfaces: physics and applications

In this paper, the lightning electromagnetic fields under the mixed finite conductivity ground were calculated using a modified 2-D finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The data of each grid in the entire area were obtained and expressed into groups of pictures efficiently. The spatial characteristic of the peak value of lightning electromagnetic field and its time derivatives under the complex ground is investigated, which are very important for lightening electromagnetic field shielding. And the influence of mixed finite conductivity on peak value of electromagnetic field and its time derivatives were also analyzed. Furthermore, the method employed has been test and compared with the issued experiment data and results from theoretical approach firstly.

Influence of mixed finite conductivity on lightning electromagnetic fields under the ground

In this paper, transmission-type metalenses are proposed to generate vortex beam carrying orbital angular momentum in microwave region. By designing and arranging artificial meta-atoms generating phase discontinuities, the vortex beam carrying orbital angular momentum with specific topological charge can be obtained by manipulation of local phase. Both simulations and measurements are presented to verify the theoretical approach.

Metalens in microwave region for the generation of orbital angular momentum

The risk analysis of human error factors is one of the most significant procedures for preventing and reducing risk in the clinical use of medical devices. Human Factor Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) framework, a systematic human error analysis tool, is widely used for human error factors risk analysis. However, the traditional HFACS framework is insufficient to deal with the scenario with complex and uncertain risk information and conflicting opinions among experts caused by their heterogeneous risk preferences and diverse knowledge. To address these limitations, this paper integrated the prospect theory with the consensus model under Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Sets (IT2FSs) environment for addressing the HFACS-based human error factors risk analysis problem. This integrated method enabled the HFACS to yield highly acceptable risk analysis results considering experts’ heterogeneous risk preferences. Specifically, the IT2FSs are utilized to represent highly complex and uncertain risk assessment information of human error factors. Secondly, the prospect theory is applied to model the heterogeneous risk preferences of experts and eliminate their impact on risk evaluation results. After obtaining the risk evaluation matrix by prospect theory, the consensual risk evaluation matrix is yielded by a consensus model that can balance the group aim of reaching a consensus and the individual aim of keeping original risk evaluation information as much as possible. Then, the risk ranking of human error factors is determined based on the distance of IT2FSs. Finally, a case study of the clinical use of ventilators, including sensitivity analysis and comparative analysis, is presented to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed method. 

The integrated prospect theory with consensus model for risk analysis of human error factors in the clinical use of medical devices

A broadband double negative media (DNG) is proposed and investigated theoretically in this paper. The top view of structure proposed in this paper is a combination of ellipses with minor axis at 6 mm and major axis at 16 mm, rotating 45 degrees each time. The combination of ellipses is a gradient structure at the boundary, so that there are strong superposition of coupling between each two ellipses which leads to broad the bandwidth of DNG. With the full wave simulation software CST, S11 and S21 are obtained. Afterwards, by using Nicolson-Ross-Weir (NRW) inverse method, permittivity and permeability are derived and the bandwidth for DNG is 52.17%, from 3.4 to 5.8 GHz. The structure is easy to manufacture as a result of its plane structure. It is believed that this result will accelerate the use of DNG.

Metamaterials with broadband double negative characteristics based on mie resonance

A two-dimensional Luneburg lens is presented based on artificial impendence surfaces (AIS). The desired refractive index profile is controlled by the variable surface impendence, which obtained by using an array of complementary unipolar compact photonic band gap (UC-PBG) structure inside a parallel plate waveguide. Simulation results have shown that proposed Luneburg lens, which operating in TM mode during X-band, has an excellent focusing ability. The proposed Luneburg lens can be used in direction of arrival (DOA) estimation. The estimation error is smaller than 5°.

Qun Wu

Papers

Influence of mixed finite conductivity on lightning electromagnetic fields under the ground

Metalens in microwave region for the generation of orbital angular momentum

The integrated prospect theory with consensus model for risk analysis of human error factors in the clinical use of medical devices

Metamaterials with broadband double negative characteristics based on mie resonance

Broadband planar Luneburg lens composed of artificial impedance surfaces