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Principles Of Optics Electromagnetic Theory Of Propagation Interference And Diffraction Of Light

Tables of integrals

Metamaterials are composed of periodic subwavelength metal/dielectric structures that resonantly couple to the electric and/or magnetic components of the incident electromagnetic fields, exhibiting properties that are not found in nature. This class of micro- and nano-structured artificial media have attracted great interest during the past 15 years and yielded ground-breaking electromagnetic and photonic phenomena. However, the high losses and strong dispersion associated with the resonant responses and the use of metallic structures, as well as the difficulty in fabricating the micro- and nanoscale 3D structures, have hindered practical applications of metamaterials. Planar metamaterials with subwavelength thickness, or metasurfaces, consisting of single-layer or few-layer stacks of planar structures, can be readily fabricated using lithography and nanoprinting methods, and the ultrathin thickness in the wave propagation direction can greatly suppress the undesirable losses. Metasurfaces enable a spatially varying optical response (e.g. scattering amplitude, phase, and polarization), mold optical wavefronts into shapes that can be designed at will, and facilitate the integration of functional materials to accomplish active control and greatly enhanced nonlinear response. This paper reviews recent progress in the physics of metasurfaces operating at wavelengths ranging from microwave to visible. We provide an overview of key metasurface concepts such as anomalous reflection and refraction, and introduce metasurfaces based on the Pancharatnam-Berry phase and Huygens' metasurfaces, as well as their use in wavefront shaping and beam forming applications, followed by a discussion of polarization conversion in few-layer metasurfaces and their related properties. An overview of dielectric metasurfaces reveals their ability to realize unique functionalities coupled with Mie resonances and their low ohmic losses. We also describe metasurfaces for wave guidance and radiation control, as well as active and nonlinear metasurfaces. Finally, we conclude by providing our opinions of opportunities and challenges in this rapidly developing research field.

A review of metasurfaces: physics and applications.

The advent of negative index materials has spawned extensive research into metamaterials over the past decade. Metamaterials are attractive not only for their exotic electromagnetic properties, but also their promise for applications. A particular branch–the metamaterial perfect absorber (MPA)–has garnered interest due to the fact that it can achieve unity absorptivity of electromagnetic waves. Since its first experimental demonstration in 2008, the MPA has progressed significantly with designs shown across the electromagnetic spectrum, from microwave to optical. In this Progress Report we give an overview of the field and discuss a selection of examples and related applications. The ability of the MPA to exhibit extreme performance flexibility will be discussed and the theory underlying their operation and limitations will be established. Insight is given into what we can expect from this rapidly expanding field and future challenges will be addressed.

https://www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/adma.201200674

Metamaterial Electromagnetic Wave Absorbers

Metamaterials are composed of periodic subwavelength metal/dielectric structures that resonantly couple to the electric and/or magnetic components of the incident electromagnetic fields, exhibiting properties that are not found in nature. Planar metamaterials with subwavelength thickness, or metasurfaces, consisting of single-layer or few-layer stacks of planar structures, can be readily fabricated using lithography and nanoprinting methods, and the ultrathin thickness in the wave propagation direction can greatly suppress the undesirable losses. Metasurfaces enable a spatially varying optical response, mold optical wavefronts into shapes that can be designed at will, and facilitate the integration of functional materials to accomplish active control and greatly enhanced nonlinear response. This paper reviews recent progress in the physics of metasurfaces operating at wavelengths ranging from microwave to visible. We provide an overview of key metasurface concepts such as anomalous reflection and refraction, and introduce metasurfaces based on the Pancharatnam-Berry phase and Huygens' metasurfaces, as well as their use in wavefront shaping and beam forming applications, followed by a discussion of polarization conversion in few-layer metasurfaces and their related properties. An overview of dielectric metasurfaces reveals their ability to realize unique functionalities coupled with Mie resonances and their low ohmic losses. We also describe metasurfaces for wave guidance and radiation control, as well as active and nonlinear metasurfaces. Finally, we conclude by providing our opinions of opportunities and challenges in this rapidly developing research field.

A review of metasurfaces: physics and applications

A new leaky wave antenna (LWA) based on wire‐loaded metagratings (MGs) is proposed, with the capability of successfully employing MGs for leaky modes. Periodic capacitive‐wired and inductive‐wired MGs are located on a dielectric substrate in the LWA framework and backed by a perfect electric conductor (PEC) layer. These MGs are partial radial surfaces to radiate energy using equivalent surface impedance with a local value of the complex wavenumber. A theoretical analysis has created a model for the equivalent electromagnetic fields produced via loaded‐wire MGs and generated the Z‐matrix and S‐matrix for a two‐port structure from the electromagnetic fields. As a result, a beam‐scanning range of 53° for the operating bandwidth of 9.9–11.9 GHz is achieved with a scanning sensitivity of 26.5°/GHz. Meanwhile, the realized gain is obtained up to 12.9 dB. The measurement and simulation results indicated that the MGs LWA was consistent. The proposed antenna performed admirably in beam‐steering communication systems.

A new leaky wave antenna using wire‐loaded metagratings: The theoretical analysis and implementation

An narrow-band energy-selective surface (ESS) in L-band is presented for airborne GPS antenna protection. Periodic square metal inlaid with circular ring gap is designed and loaded with pin diodes to obtain the energy selection characteristics. the parameters of unit structure are determined with optimization. By simulation, we know that the insertion loss is less than 3dB and the shielding efficiency is more than 30dB. Using the method of equivalent test, we experimentation verified that the proposed ESS structure can be used for airborne GPS antenna protection

Design of L-band Energy-Selective Surface with Circular Ring Gap

This paper introduces different design methodology for artificial magnetic conductor (AMC). A conventional electromagnetic AMC consists of a frequency selective surface (FSS) on top of a thin dielectric substrate with a PEC back plane. In this method as previous research, has been concerned with exploiting the primary resonant frequency .it will be shown that by making appropriate use of this method, it is possible to design novel AMC' s that work for any desired operating frequencies. In this work, CST Microwave Studio software is used to evolve novel AMC' s design by optimizing the thickness of the substrate material.

A Novel Design Technique for Artificial Magnetic Conductor's in TE-Mode Incidence Wave

In this paper, the approaches for calculating Sommerfeld integral and application background is discussed, several main methods for solving Sommerfeld integral are presented The fields of application of these different approaches and their advantages and drawbacks are evaluated At last, a new Sommerfeld-Watson transformation method is introduced carefully to show a new way of solving the Sommerfeld integral

Qun Wu

Papers

A new leaky wave antenna using wire‐loaded metagratings: The theoretical analysis and implementation

Design of L-band Energy-Selective Surface with Circular Ring Gap

A Novel Design Technique for Artificial Magnetic Conductor's in TE-Mode Incidence Wave

The calculation of Sommerfeld integral and its field of application

Separation of neptunium and plutonium with neutral phosphorus ligands: A theoretical perspective