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Principles Of Optics Electromagnetic Theory Of Propagation Interference And Diffraction Of Light

Tables of integrals

Metamaterials are composed of periodic subwavelength metal/dielectric structures that resonantly couple to the electric and/or magnetic components of the incident electromagnetic fields, exhibiting properties that are not found in nature. This class of micro- and nano-structured artificial media have attracted great interest during the past 15 years and yielded ground-breaking electromagnetic and photonic phenomena. However, the high losses and strong dispersion associated with the resonant responses and the use of metallic structures, as well as the difficulty in fabricating the micro- and nanoscale 3D structures, have hindered practical applications of metamaterials. Planar metamaterials with subwavelength thickness, or metasurfaces, consisting of single-layer or few-layer stacks of planar structures, can be readily fabricated using lithography and nanoprinting methods, and the ultrathin thickness in the wave propagation direction can greatly suppress the undesirable losses. Metasurfaces enable a spatially varying optical response (e.g. scattering amplitude, phase, and polarization), mold optical wavefronts into shapes that can be designed at will, and facilitate the integration of functional materials to accomplish active control and greatly enhanced nonlinear response. This paper reviews recent progress in the physics of metasurfaces operating at wavelengths ranging from microwave to visible. We provide an overview of key metasurface concepts such as anomalous reflection and refraction, and introduce metasurfaces based on the Pancharatnam-Berry phase and Huygens' metasurfaces, as well as their use in wavefront shaping and beam forming applications, followed by a discussion of polarization conversion in few-layer metasurfaces and their related properties. An overview of dielectric metasurfaces reveals their ability to realize unique functionalities coupled with Mie resonances and their low ohmic losses. We also describe metasurfaces for wave guidance and radiation control, as well as active and nonlinear metasurfaces. Finally, we conclude by providing our opinions of opportunities and challenges in this rapidly developing research field.

A review of metasurfaces: physics and applications.

The advent of negative index materials has spawned extensive research into metamaterials over the past decade. Metamaterials are attractive not only for their exotic electromagnetic properties, but also their promise for applications. A particular branch–the metamaterial perfect absorber (MPA)–has garnered interest due to the fact that it can achieve unity absorptivity of electromagnetic waves. Since its first experimental demonstration in 2008, the MPA has progressed significantly with designs shown across the electromagnetic spectrum, from microwave to optical. In this Progress Report we give an overview of the field and discuss a selection of examples and related applications. The ability of the MPA to exhibit extreme performance flexibility will be discussed and the theory underlying their operation and limitations will be established. Insight is given into what we can expect from this rapidly expanding field and future challenges will be addressed.

https://www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/adma.201200674

Metamaterial Electromagnetic Wave Absorbers

Metamaterials are composed of periodic subwavelength metal/dielectric structures that resonantly couple to the electric and/or magnetic components of the incident electromagnetic fields, exhibiting properties that are not found in nature. Planar metamaterials with subwavelength thickness, or metasurfaces, consisting of single-layer or few-layer stacks of planar structures, can be readily fabricated using lithography and nanoprinting methods, and the ultrathin thickness in the wave propagation direction can greatly suppress the undesirable losses. Metasurfaces enable a spatially varying optical response, mold optical wavefronts into shapes that can be designed at will, and facilitate the integration of functional materials to accomplish active control and greatly enhanced nonlinear response. This paper reviews recent progress in the physics of metasurfaces operating at wavelengths ranging from microwave to visible. We provide an overview of key metasurface concepts such as anomalous reflection and refraction, and introduce metasurfaces based on the Pancharatnam-Berry phase and Huygens' metasurfaces, as well as their use in wavefront shaping and beam forming applications, followed by a discussion of polarization conversion in few-layer metasurfaces and their related properties. An overview of dielectric metasurfaces reveals their ability to realize unique functionalities coupled with Mie resonances and their low ohmic losses. We also describe metasurfaces for wave guidance and radiation control, as well as active and nonlinear metasurfaces. Finally, we conclude by providing our opinions of opportunities and challenges in this rapidly developing research field.

A review of metasurfaces: physics and applications

The complexity and high insert loss of radio frequency (RF) front ends are main constrains in application of Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) system, especially in large scale scenarios. As an attractive solution, the concept of switched parasitic array (SPA) was proposed to realize the same performance of MIMO system with single RF chain. To assess its feasibility and efficiency, in this paper, a systematic model based on SPA technique is built and simulated. Numerical results show great agreement with theory in aspect of bit-error-ratio (BER) and channel capacity.

Modeling and numerical analysis of MIMO system with single RF chain

In this work, a compact transition which can efficiently convert guided waves to spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) is proposed. By using the S-parameter retrieval technique, the bloch impedance of the SSPP unit cell is extracted and tuned around 50 ohm in a wide frequency band to achieve good impedance matching. Then, the momentum can be matched with fewer gradient matching grooves leading to smaller size. For demonstration, a planar plasmonic waveguide based on the proposed transition structure is designed and simulated. The excellent simulation results validate high-efficiency excitation and propagation of SSPPs in broadband. The proposed plasmonic waveguide can find potential applications in plasmonic devices and integrated circuits in microwave and terahertz frequencies.

High performance plasmonic waveguide with compact transition structure

This paper reports a design of broadband Left-Handed compact waveguide. In order to improve the Left-Handed transmission bandwidth, metamaterial constructed from modified split ring resonators are filled into the metallic waveguide. Transmission losses have been reduced by the use of inductive windows interleaved between consecutive resonators. Making use of these structures, it provides more availability of this new method of waveguide miniaturization.

Broadband compact waveguide loaded with modified split ring resonators metamaterial

The electric field properties of the horizontal dipole radiation in the presence of a lossless metamaterial sphere are investigated. First, the solution of the electromagnetic field of the model could be obtained. Second, the near field properties are investigated according to the electromagnetic and geometrical parameters. It could be seen that in the metamaterial sphere, the focusing phenomenon is obviously observed. It is in consistent with the analysis. Throughout the article, the conventional sphere is utilized as reference. No focus is observed in the conventional material sphere as it does not have the characteristic of negative refraction.

The Property of the Horizontal Dipole Radiating in the Presence of a Single Lossless Metamaterial Sphere

In this letter, a further miniaturization approach for the exiting MCR design extending analysis to 3D isotropic case. It is shown that the subwavelength resonance occurs when transversal permeability components have opposite signs. In this case, the rectangular cavity supports subwavelength resonance, and the width and length of such the rectangular cavity resonator can be in principle simultaneously arbitrarily small. Based on these results, a IMCR filled partially with MSRRs, which transversal permeability component is negative, partially with a conventional material is designed and simulated. It is shown that the the length and width are simultaneously shortened by 70%, compared with a conventional cavity resonator. Those results indicate that the IMCR can be realized with only MSRRs or other structures with single negative permeability instead of a double-negative LHM, and the volume of the cavity resonator is only limited by the size of the unit cell of the double-ring. In fact, the structure with a single negative permeability is much simpler than a double-negative LHM in designs and fabrications.

Qun Wu

Papers

Modeling and numerical analysis of MIMO system with single RF chain

High performance plasmonic waveguide with compact transition structure

Broadband compact waveguide loaded with modified split ring resonators metamaterial

The Property of the Horizontal Dipole Radiating in the Presence of a Single Lossless Metamaterial Sphere

A miniaturized rectangular cavity by three-dimentional (3D) anisotropic metamaterials