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Principles Of Optics Electromagnetic Theory Of Propagation Interference And Diffraction Of Light

Tables of integrals

Metamaterials are composed of periodic subwavelength metal/dielectric structures that resonantly couple to the electric and/or magnetic components of the incident electromagnetic fields, exhibiting properties that are not found in nature. This class of micro- and nano-structured artificial media have attracted great interest during the past 15 years and yielded ground-breaking electromagnetic and photonic phenomena. However, the high losses and strong dispersion associated with the resonant responses and the use of metallic structures, as well as the difficulty in fabricating the micro- and nanoscale 3D structures, have hindered practical applications of metamaterials. Planar metamaterials with subwavelength thickness, or metasurfaces, consisting of single-layer or few-layer stacks of planar structures, can be readily fabricated using lithography and nanoprinting methods, and the ultrathin thickness in the wave propagation direction can greatly suppress the undesirable losses. Metasurfaces enable a spatially varying optical response (e.g. scattering amplitude, phase, and polarization), mold optical wavefronts into shapes that can be designed at will, and facilitate the integration of functional materials to accomplish active control and greatly enhanced nonlinear response. This paper reviews recent progress in the physics of metasurfaces operating at wavelengths ranging from microwave to visible. We provide an overview of key metasurface concepts such as anomalous reflection and refraction, and introduce metasurfaces based on the Pancharatnam-Berry phase and Huygens' metasurfaces, as well as their use in wavefront shaping and beam forming applications, followed by a discussion of polarization conversion in few-layer metasurfaces and their related properties. An overview of dielectric metasurfaces reveals their ability to realize unique functionalities coupled with Mie resonances and their low ohmic losses. We also describe metasurfaces for wave guidance and radiation control, as well as active and nonlinear metasurfaces. Finally, we conclude by providing our opinions of opportunities and challenges in this rapidly developing research field.

A review of metasurfaces: physics and applications.

The advent of negative index materials has spawned extensive research into metamaterials over the past decade. Metamaterials are attractive not only for their exotic electromagnetic properties, but also their promise for applications. A particular branch–the metamaterial perfect absorber (MPA)–has garnered interest due to the fact that it can achieve unity absorptivity of electromagnetic waves. Since its first experimental demonstration in 2008, the MPA has progressed significantly with designs shown across the electromagnetic spectrum, from microwave to optical. In this Progress Report we give an overview of the field and discuss a selection of examples and related applications. The ability of the MPA to exhibit extreme performance flexibility will be discussed and the theory underlying their operation and limitations will be established. Insight is given into what we can expect from this rapidly expanding field and future challenges will be addressed.

https://www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/adma.201200674

Metamaterial Electromagnetic Wave Absorbers

Metamaterials are composed of periodic subwavelength metal/dielectric structures that resonantly couple to the electric and/or magnetic components of the incident electromagnetic fields, exhibiting properties that are not found in nature. Planar metamaterials with subwavelength thickness, or metasurfaces, consisting of single-layer or few-layer stacks of planar structures, can be readily fabricated using lithography and nanoprinting methods, and the ultrathin thickness in the wave propagation direction can greatly suppress the undesirable losses. Metasurfaces enable a spatially varying optical response, mold optical wavefronts into shapes that can be designed at will, and facilitate the integration of functional materials to accomplish active control and greatly enhanced nonlinear response. This paper reviews recent progress in the physics of metasurfaces operating at wavelengths ranging from microwave to visible. We provide an overview of key metasurface concepts such as anomalous reflection and refraction, and introduce metasurfaces based on the Pancharatnam-Berry phase and Huygens' metasurfaces, as well as their use in wavefront shaping and beam forming applications, followed by a discussion of polarization conversion in few-layer metasurfaces and their related properties. An overview of dielectric metasurfaces reveals their ability to realize unique functionalities coupled with Mie resonances and their low ohmic losses. We also describe metasurfaces for wave guidance and radiation control, as well as active and nonlinear metasurfaces. Finally, we conclude by providing our opinions of opportunities and challenges in this rapidly developing research field.

A review of metasurfaces: physics and applications

In this paper, a planar metasurface operating in microwave region to generate Bessel beam carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) is proposed. The beam generator is realized by utilizing the abrupt phase changes at the interface of the metasurface, instead of the gradual phase differences in the optical lenses. The proposed planar metasurfaces are designed and simulated respectively, and the results show that the desired beams can be generated efficiently by using a compact planar 2-D structure.

Planar metasurface as generator of Bessel beam carrying orbital angular momentum

In this paper, a novel band-pass miniaturized FSS is proposed, in which a unit cell consists of four spiral etched slot lines arranged central-symmetrically on a dielectric substrate, and the spiral elements are placed interlaced so that each element is connected to an adjacent one in another unit cell. Simulation results show the FSS has the dimension of a unit cell only 0.060λ×0.060λ, where λ represents the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency. And the miniaturization is stable with respect to different polarizations and incident angles. Prototype of the FSS is fabricated and tested. The measured results show very good agreement with simulated ones.

A novel miniaturized band-pass frequency selective surface

A novel compact left-handed transmission line (LH-TL) metamaterial without vias or virtual ground is proposed in this paper. Based on the theory of hollow waveguide left-handed metamaterial and photonic bandgap (PBG), improved double split ring resonators (SRR) with electric connections among periodic cells patterned on the microstrip line is investigated. Compared with conventional SRR bulk left-handed metamaterials, this new structure does not have extra rods besides SRR so as to simplify design and fabrication on planar circuits. The dispersion characteristics are calculated by full wave simulation, results show that a phase advance (negative phase velocity) of the planar metamaterial in a relative bandwidth of over 25%. The influence of some parameters for LH-TL to the left-hand passband is also analyzed.

A Novel Compact Left-Handed Transmision Line With Improved Split-Ring Resonators

This paper proposes a simple T-shaped wideband slot harmonic suppression antenna at 245 GHz Harmonic suppression is achieved by using a narrow T-shaped conductor line This antenna is simple and easy to design Considering the wideband with harmonic rejection and relative high gain, it's a good candidate for rectenna system The return losses of the antenna at the fundamental and harmonic frequencies are simulated and studied by CST

A Simple T-shaped Wide-band Slot Antenna for Rectenna System

We proposed, designed and demonstrated a tunable transparency effect at microwave frequencies in a symmetry metamaterial consisting of an “I” shape of cut wire surrounded by a two-gap ring. The excited mechanism of the tunable transparency effect is investigated by theory and simulation. It was found that this active modulation originated from the excitation of the subradiant magnetic resonance based on phase couplings. In particular, it is numerically demonstrated that the resonance quality factor (Q factor), the local field energy enhancement, and the effective group index of the metamaterial can be actively manipulated based on phase couplings. It may inspire interest in the developments of electrically and magnetically tunable transparency metamaterials, leading to a wide range of active slow light devices.

Qun Wu

Papers

Planar metasurface as generator of Bessel beam carrying orbital angular momentum

A novel miniaturized band-pass frequency selective surface

A Novel Compact Left-Handed Transmision Line With Improved Split-Ring Resonators

A Simple T-shaped Wide-band Slot Antenna for Rectenna System

Tunable Transparency Effect in a Symmetry Metamaterial Based on Subradiant Magnetic Resonance