Institution
Cairo University
Education•Giza, Egypt•
About: Cairo University is a education organization based out in Giza, Egypt. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 33532 authors who have published 55581 publications receiving 792654 citations. The organization is also known as: Fuad I University & King Fuad I University.
Topics: Population, Medicine, Cancer, Breast cancer, Diabetes mellitus
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, a review of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitors/blockers is presented, focusing only on major classes of naturally occurring inhibitors viz., flavonoids, coumarins, terpenoids, alkaloids and saponins.
238 citations
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Vardan Khachatryan1, Albert M. Sirunyan1, Armen Tumasyan1, Wolfgang Adam +2353 more•Institutions (181)
TL;DR: In this paper, a search for a heavy Higgs boson in the H to WW and H to ZZ decay channels is reported, based upon proton-proton collision data samples corresponding to an integrated luminosity of up to 5.1 inverse femtobarns at sqrt(s)=7 TeV and up to 19.7 inverse femto-bars at square root of 8 TeV, recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC.
Abstract: A search for a heavy Higgs boson in the H to WW and H to ZZ decay channels is reported. The search is based upon proton-proton collision data samples corresponding to an integrated luminosity of up to 5.1 inverse femtobarns at sqrt(s)=7 TeV and up to 19.7 inverse femtobarns at sqrt(s)=8 TeV, recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC. Several final states of the H to WW and H to ZZ decays are analyzed. The combined upper limit at the 95% confidence level on the product of the cross section and branching fraction exclude a Higgs boson with standard model-like couplings and decays in the range 145 < m[H] < 1000 GeV. We also interpret the results in the context of an electroweak singlet extension of the standard model.
237 citations
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TL;DR: The pre-print version of the final publishing paper that is available from the link below as mentioned in this paper is also available from Amazon Mechanical Turk, however, the preprint version requires a subscription.
Abstract: The article is the pre-print version of the final publishing paper that is available from the link below.
237 citations
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Athens State University1, University of Barcelona2, Autonomous University of Barcelona3, European Medicines Agency4, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico5, Institut de veille sanitaire6, University College London7, Cairo University8, Health Protection Scotland9, University of Michigan10, Hannover Medical School11, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens12, European Parliament13, University of Milan14, University of Turin15, Carlos III Health Institute16, Imperial College London17, University of Antwerp18, European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction19, Erasmus University Rotterdam20
TL;DR: For both HBV and HCV, screening of individuals who present a high risk of contracting the virus is critical given the asymptomatic, and thereby silent, nature of disease.
Abstract: Summary. Worldwide, the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the hepatitis C virus (HCV) cause, respectively, 600 000 and 350 000 deaths each year. Viral hepatitis is the leading cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer, which in turn ranks as the third cause of cancer death worldwide. Within the WHO European region, approximately 14 million people are chronically infected with HBV, and nine million people are chronically infected with HCV. Lack of reliable epidemiological data on HBV and HCV is one of the biggest hurdles to advancing policy. Risk groups such as migrants and injecting drug users (IDU) tend to be under-represented in existing prevalence studies; thus, targeted surveillance is urgently needed to correctly estimate the burden of HBV and HCV. The most effective means of prevention against HBV is vaccination, and most European Union (EU) countries have universal vaccination programmes. For both HBV and HCV, screening of individuals who present a high risk of contracting the virus is critical given the asymptomatic, and thereby silent, nature of disease. Screening of migrants and IDUs has been shown to be effective and potentially cost-effective. There have been significant advances in the treatment of HCV and HBV in recent years, but health care professionals remain poorly aware of treatment options. Greater professional training is needed on the management of hepatitis including the treatment of liver cancer to encourage adherence to guidelines and offer patients the best possible outcomes. Viral hepatitis knows no borders. EU Member States, guided by the EU, need to work in a concerted manner to implement lasting, effective policies and programmes and make tackling viral hepatitis a public health priority.
237 citations
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TL;DR: This review compares the efficacy of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists with the standard long protocol of GnRH agonists for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in assisted conception with the new fixed GnRH antagonist protocol.
Abstract: Background
Over the last two decades, a long protocol of Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) to prevent premature LH surges has been the standard treatment for ovarian stimulation in assisted reproduction. In the long protocols (with GnRHa started either in the mid luteal phase or in the early follicular phase of the preceding cycle) gonadotrophin administration is delayed until pituitary desensitization has been achieved, which usually takes two to three weeks. Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone antagonists produce immediate suppression of gonadotrophin secretion, hence, they can be given after starting gonadotrophin administration. This will result in dramatic reduction in the duration of treatment cycle and will avoid estrogen deprivation symptoms associated with GnRH agonist induced down-regulation. Assuming comparable clinical outcome, these benefits would justify a change from the standard long protocol of GnRH agonists to the new GnRH antagonist regimens.
Objectives
To compare the efficacy of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists with the standard long protocol of GnRH agonists for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in assisted conception.
Search strategy
Search strategies included on-line searching of the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases and the Cochrane Menstrual Disorders and Subfertility Group's Specialised Register from 1982 to 2001, and hand searching of bibliographies of relevant publications and reviews, and abstracts of scientific meetings.
Selection criteria
Only randomised controlled studies comparing different protocols of GnRH antagonists with GnRH agonists in assisted conception cycles were included in this review.
Data collection and analysis
Data were extracted into two by two tables. For the primary outcomes, clinical pregnancy per woman randomised and prevention of premature LH surge, the overall common odds ratio (OR) and the risk difference with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated after verifying the presence of homogeneity of treatment effect across all trials. Secondary outcomes considered were the number of oocytes retrieved, clinical pregnancy per oocyte retrieval and per embryo transfer, spontaneous abortion, incidence of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and the amount of gonadotrophins used. Where relevant data were missing or unclear the authors were consulted.
Main results
Five trials comparing the new fixed protocol of GnRH antagonist to the long protocol of GnRH agonist fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included. In four studies, the multiple low-dose (0.25 mg) antagonist regimen was applied and in one study, the single high-dose (3 mg) antagonist regimen was investigated. In all trials, reference treatment included a long protocol of GnRHa (buserelin, leuprorelin or triptorelin) starting in the mid-luteal phase of the preceding cycle. In comparison to the long protocol of GnRHa, the overall OR for the prevention of premature LH surges was 1.76 (95% CI 0.75, 4.16), which is not statistically significant. There was a significantly fewer clinical pregnancies in those treated with GnRH antagonists (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.63, 0.99). The absolute treatment effect (ATE) was calculated to be 5%. The number needed to treat (NNT) was 20. There was no statistically significant reduction in incidence of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, (RR 0.51, 95% CI 0.22, 1.18) using antagonist regimens as compared to the long GnRHa protocol.
Authors' conclusions
The new fixed GnRH antagonist protocol (i.e. with antagonist start fixed on day six of gonadotrophin stimulation) is a short and simple protocol but with a lower pregnancy rate compared to the GnRH agonist long protocol. There is no significant difference between both protocols regarding prevention of premature LH surge and prevention of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. The clinical outcome may be further improved by developing more flexible antagonist regimens taking into account individual patient characteristics. The GnRH antagonist flexible regimen should be the area of research in the near future.
237 citations
Authors
Showing all 33886 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Chiara Mariotti | 141 | 1426 | 98157 |
Pierluigi Paolucci | 138 | 1965 | 105050 |
Andrea Giammanco | 135 | 1362 | 98093 |
Matthew Herndon | 133 | 1732 | 97466 |
Eduardo De Moraes Gregores | 133 | 1454 | 92464 |
Pedro G Mercadante | 129 | 1331 | 86378 |
Alexander Nikitenko | 129 | 1159 | 82102 |
Stephen G. Ellis | 127 | 655 | 65073 |
Peter R. Carroll | 125 | 966 | 64032 |
Mikhail Dubinin | 125 | 1091 | 79808 |
Cesar Augusto Bernardes | 124 | 965 | 70889 |
K. Krajczar | 124 | 646 | 65885 |
Flavia De Almeida Dias | 120 | 590 | 59083 |
Jaap Goudsmit | 111 | 581 | 42149 |
Hans J. Eysenck | 106 | 512 | 59690 |