Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences

About: Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences is a nonprofit organization based out in Beijing, China. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Gene. The organization has 8107 authors who have published 7929 publications receiving 92095 citations. The organization is also known as: Zhōngguó shuǐchǎn Kēxuéyánjiūyuàn & Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences.

Effects of postprandial starvation on mRNA expression of endocrine-, amino acid and peptide transporter-, and metabolic enzyme-related genes in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Abstract: The goal of this study was to systematically evaluate the molecular activities of endocrine-, amino acid and peptide transporters-, and metabolic enzyme-related genes in 35-day-old mixed-sex zebrafish (Danio rerio) after feeding . Zebrafish with initial body weights ranging from 9 to 11 mg were fasted for 384 h in a controlled indoor environment. Fish were sampled at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 96, 192, and 384 h after fed. Overall, the present study results show that the regulatory mechanism that insulin-like growth factor I negative feedback regulated growth hormone is conserved in zebrafish, as it is in mammals, but that regulation of growth hormone receptors is highly intricate. Leptin and cholecystokinin are time-dependent negative feedback signals, and neuropeptide Y may be an important positive neuropeptide for food intake in zebrafish. The amino acid/carnitine transporters B(0,+) (ATB(0,+)) and broad neutral (0) amino acid transporter 1(B(0)AT1) mRNA levels measured in our study suggest that protein may be utilized during 24-96 h of fasting in zebrafish. Glutamine synthetase mRNA levels were downregulated, and glutamate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase, and trypsin mRNA levels were upregulated after longtime fasting in this study. The mRNA expression levels of fatty acid synthetase decreased significantly (P < 0.05), whereas those of lipoprotein lipase rapidly increased after 96 h of fasting. Fasting activated the expression of glucose synthesis genes when fasting for short periods of time; when fasting is prolonged, the mRNA levels of glucose breakdown enzymes and pentose phosphate shunt genes decreased.

Morphological studies of peripheral blood cells of the Chinese sturgeon, Acipenser sinensis

Abstract: The peripheral blood cells of one-year-old Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) have been studied by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The erythrocyte count was 84.86 × 104 cell mm−3 in the peripheral blood of the fish and that of leukocytes was 2.24 × 104 cell mm−3. The erythrocytes and four main types of leucocyte—thrombocytes, lymphocytes, granulocytes (including neutrophils and eosinophils), and monocytes, were identified in the peripheral blood. In addition to normal erythrocytes, reticulocytes and division of erythrocytes were observed. Thrombocytes were the most numerous among the leukocytes, and the number of neutrophils with lobated nuclei was larger than for other fish. The structures of the erythrocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, and thrombocytes of the fish were studied. The erythrocytes were almost completely devoid of organelles, except for some mitochondria and granules. A large number of vacuoles and a few organelles were observed in cytoplasm of the monocytes. There were many microvilli on the membrane and pseudopodia-like cytoplasm bulge in the lymphocytes. The neutrophils were round or oval in shape with bilobed, trilobed, or multilobed nuclei whereas the eosinophils had big special granules, dark stained. There were many vesicles in some thrombocytes, which were related to its phagocytosis; some thrombocytes had almost no cytoplasm or organelles.

Long-term changes in the fishery ecosystem structure of Laizhou Bay, China

Abstract: Laizhou Bay provides a critical spawning and nursery habitat for many fishery species, including commercially important species, such as Fenneropenaeus chinensis and Larimichthys polyactis. The bay is severely stressed due to high fishing pressure and environmental changes. Based on the long-term ecosystem surveys in Laizhou Bay during the main spawning period (May) of most fishery species from 1959 to 2008, the responses of the Laizhou Bay fishery ecosystem were analyzed here, including regime shifts in species composition, biomass, species diversity, zooplankton, phytoplankton, and environmental variables. The dominant species of large-size and high economic value (e.g. Trichiurus haumela, L. polyactis) have been replaced by the short-lived, low-trophic-level planktivorous pelagic species (e.g. Setipinna taty, Engraulis japonicus) since the 1980s, and it is probable that the small-sized pelagic fishes have been recently replaced by invertebrates (e.g. Oratosquilla oratoria, Crangon affinis). The biomass of fishery resources declined continuously from 423.6 kg haul−1 h−1 in 1959 to 164.6 kg haul−1 h−1 in 1982, 37.7 kg haul−1 h−1 in 1993, and less than 8 kg haul−1 h−1 in 1998–2008. Moreover, the biomass of zooplankton showed an increasing trend during 1959–2006, but showed a slight decline in 2008. The abundance of phytoplankton increased from 1959 through 1982, decreased substantially in 1993, and increased again until 2004. More recently, however, the phytoplankton abundance was very low. The sea surface temperature (SST) and sea bottom temperature (SBT) in May increased by 0.23°C a−1 and 0.16°C a−1, respectively, during 1982–2008. The salinity in May showed large fluctuations and reached its lowest values in 2004 and 2006. The ratio of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) to dissolved inorganic phosphate (DIP) increased. However, the dissolved silicon (DSi):DIP and DSi:DIN ratios decreased to a low level during 1959–2008. These changes seriously impacted primary production, and cascade effects then changed the structure and function of the fishery ecosystem. Further analysis indicated that multiple stresses caused the alterations in the structure of the Laizhou Bay fishery ecosystem. The top-down effect was identified as the main influence on the fishery species (at the top of the food chain) over the past five decades due to the increasing fishing pressure, whereas the bottom-up effect increased over the past three decades due to the strong variations in the environment.