Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

About: Hong Kong University of Science and Technology is a education organization based out in Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Catalysis. The organization has 20126 authors who have published 52428 publications receiving 1965915 citations. The organization is also known as: HKUST & The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology.

Contracting and Information Sharing Under Supply Chain Competition

Abstract: We investigate contracting and information sharing in two competing supply chains, each consisting of one manufacturer and one retailer. The two supply chains are identical, except they may have di...

China's Floating Population: New Evidence from the 2000 Census

Abstract: This article uses tabulations from the 2000 Population Census of China along with a micro-level data sample from the census to provide a picture of China's floating population: migrants without local household registration (hukou), a status resulting in significant social and economic disadvantages. By 2000, the size of China's floating population had grown to nearly 79 million, if that category is defined as migrants who moved between provinces or counties and resided at their destinations for six months or more. Intra-county floating migration is similarly large, contributing another 66 million to the size of the floating population. The article also discusses the geographic pattern of the floating population and the reasons for moving as reported by migrants. Policy implications are noted.

SVC2004: First International Signature Verification Competition

Abstract: sssHandwritten signature is the most widely accepted biometric for identity verification. To facilitate objective evaluation and comparison of algorithms in the field of automatic handwritten signature verification, we organized the First International Signature Verification Competition (SVC2004) recently as a step towards establishing common benchmark databases and benchmarking rules. For each of the two tasks of the competition, a signature database involving 100 sets of signature data was created, with 20 genuine signatures and 20 skilled forgeries for each set. Eventually, 13 teams competed for Task 1 and eight teams competed for Task 2. When evaluated on data with skilled forgeries, the best team for Task 1 gives an equal error rate (EER) of 2.84% and that for Task 2 gives an EER of 2.89%. We believe that SVC2004 has successfully achieved its goals and the experience gained from SVC2004 will be very useful to similar activities in the future.

Insights into the Fate and Removal of Antibiotics in Engineered Biological Treatment Systems: A Critical Review

Abstract: Antibiotics, the most frequently prescribed drugs of modern medicine, are extensively used for both human and veterinary applications. Antibiotics from different wastewater sources (e.g., municipal, hospitals, animal production, and pharmaceutical industries) ultimately are discharged into wastewater treatment plants. Sorption and biodegradation are the two major removal pathways of antibiotics during biological wastewater treatment processes. This review provides the fundamental insights into sorption mechanisms and biodegradation pathways of different classes of antibiotics with diverse physical-chemical attributes. Important factors affecting sorption and biodegradation behavior of antibiotics are also highlighted. Furthermore, this review also sheds light on the critical role of extracellular polymeric substances on antibiotics adsorption and their removal in engineered biological wastewater treatment systems. Despite major advancements, engineered biological wastewater treatment systems are only moderately effective (48-77%) in the removal of antibiotics. In this review, we systematically summarize the behavior and removal of different antibiotics in various biological treatment systems with discussion on their removal efficiency, removal mechanisms, critical bioreactor operating conditions affecting antibiotics removal, and recent innovative advancements. Besides, relevant background information including antibiotics classification, physical-chemical properties, and their occurrence in the environment from different sources is also briefly covered. This review aims to advance our understanding of the fate of various classes of antibiotics in engineered biological wastewater treatment systems and outlines future research directions.

Chinese social stratification and social mobility

Abstract: ▪ Abstract This essay reviews post-1980 research on class stratification, socio-economic inequalities, and social mobility in the People's Republic of China. Chinese class stratification has transformed from a rigid status hierarchy under Mao to an open, evolving class system in the post-Mao period. Socioeconomic inequalities have also been altered. State redistributive inequalities are giving way to patterns increasingly generated by how individuals and groups succeed in a growing market-oriented economy; rigorous empirical studies have been conducted on occupational prestige, income distribution, housing and consumption, and gender inequality. Finally, occupational mobility, a rare opportunity under Mao, is becoming a living experience for many Chinese in light of emerging labor markets. Scholarly works on status attainment, career mobility, and employment processes show both stability and change in the once politicized social mobility regime. There is relatively richer research output on urban than on ...