ITM University, Gurgaon, Haryana

About: ITM University, Gurgaon, Haryana is a education organization based out in Gurgaon, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Encryption & Cryptosystem. The organization has 749 authors who have published 1159 publications receiving 12997 citations.

From Fuzzification to Neutrosophication: A Better Interface between Logic and Human Reasoning

Abstract: Prof. L. A. Zadeh recognized that to simulate soft knowledge of human reasoning it is essential to use some formal approach to knowledge processing. So he pioneered by taking first step by proposing a novel logic, fuzzy logic in 1965, by releasing constraints imposed on existing formalisms to accommodate important properties of natural inference. This paper targets human reasoning domain, lists the limitations of fuzzy logic in this area and suggests a new logic: neutrosophic logic. Experimental data is provided by showing the comparison between fuzzy classifier and neutrosophic classifier, finally paper is concluded with a proposal that neutrosophic logic is a better candidate to simulate human reasoning.

Understanding India's skewed sex ratio problem using cognitive maps

Abstract: Recent studies have confirmed that the problem of female deficit in India is the result of sex selective abortion, negligence of girls, infanticides and foeticide, preference of son for the preservation for clan, gender bias and emergence of new technologies in medical field. This paper addresses this critical problem of gender inequality in India using fuzzy cognitive maps. Fuzzy cognitive maps model the world as a collection of classes and causal relation between classes. Authors have attempted to explore the relationships and the relative impacts among the causes; that fuels this crucial problem.

Optimal and suboptimal decoding for SIM-BPSK over Gamma-Gamma FSO links with an erroneous relay

Abstract: In this paper, we analyze a free space optical (FSO) cooperative communication system utilizing the Gamma-Gamma fading optical links and a single decode-and-forward (DF) erroneous relay. We adopt the subcarrier intensity modulation (SIM) technique for transmission of the binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulated data over an optical link. For the considered DF-FSO cooperative system, we derive a maximum-likelihood (ML) decoder and a sub-optimal piecewise linear (PL) decoder in the destination of the system. The proposed PL decoder performs very close to the ML decoder with a significant reduction in the decoding complexity. Both the ML and the PL decoders incorporate the possibility of erroneous transmission by the DF relay and require the average statistics of the source-relay link for decoding the data of the source in the destination. Moreover, we also derive the closed-form expression for the average bit error rate (BER) of the proposed PL decoder.

Organic Farming: Challenge for Chemical Pollution in Aquatic Ecosystem

Abstract: Agriculture is one of the significant factors contributing to the economic growth of India. In order to reap a better harvest, farmers inoculate the soil with fertilizers. These fertilizers include pesticides, herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, etc., and are broadly used to control pests and pest-induced diseases. Increasingly high inputs of chemical fertilizers have not only left soils degraded, but it has also increased the adverse effect on aquatic life and other environmental hazards. Organic farming methods would crack these issues and make the ecosystem healthier. Bio-fertilizers and bio-pesticides form a link between the biotic and abiotic factors and can be used to supplement the expensive chemical fertilizers. This chapter focuses on agricultural chemicals (fertilizers and pesticides) that impact the aquatic environment. The aim of the chapter is to improve ecological sustainability and to minimize the effects of pesticides on aquatic ecosystems. In addition, the authors attempt to reveal almost all positive aspects of organic farming in special reference to aquatic pollution.