Showing papers by "Kun Shan University published in 2021"
TL;DR: The proposed strategy combined with the proposed prediction model can handle over 50% of the total yearly load requirement but also shows a significant decrease in electricity bill and carbon dioxide compared to residential buildings without hybrid energy systems and hybrid energy system without energy management strategy.
50 citations
TL;DR: A novel statistical load forecasting (SLF) using quantile regression random forest, probability map, and risk assessment index to obtain the actual pictorial of the outcome risk of load demand profile is proposed.
Abstract: To support daily operation of smart grid, the stochastic load behavior is analyzed by a day-ahead prediction interval (PI) which is built from predictor’s probability density function, computed in statistical mean-variance, and achieves a symmetrical PI. However, this approach lacks for intended risk information on the predictors’ uncertainty, e.g., weather condition and load variation. This article proposes a novel statistical load forecasting (SLF) using quantile regression random forest (QRRF), probability map, and risk assessment index (RAI) to obtain the actual pictorial of the outcome risk of load demand profile. To know the actual load condition, the proposed SLF is built considering accurate point forecasting results, and the QRRF establishes the PI from various quantiles. To correlate the uncertainty of external factors to the actual load, the probability map computes the most probable quantile happening in the training horizon. Based on the current inputs, the RAI calculates the PI’s intended risk. The proposed SLF is verified by Independent System Operator–New England data, compared to benchmark algorithms and Winkler score. The results show that the proposed method can model a more precise load PI along with the risk evaluation, as compared to results of the existing benchmark models.
48 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a strategy to tune and enhance the gauge factor of strain sensors based on Van der Waals materials by tuning the carrier mobility and concentration through an interplay of piezoelectric and photoelectric effects is presented.
Abstract: There is an emergent demand for high-flexibility, high-sensitivity and low-power strain gauges capable of sensing small deformations and vibrations in extreme conditions. Enhancing the gauge factor remains one of the greatest challenges for strain sensors. This is typically limited to below 300 and set when the sensor is fabricated. We report a strategy to tune and enhance the gauge factor of strain sensors based on Van der Waals materials by tuning the carrier mobility and concentration through an interplay of piezoelectric and photoelectric effects. For a SnS2 sensor we report a gauge factor up to 3933, and the ability to tune it over a large range, from 23 to 3933. Results from SnS2, GaSe, GeSe, monolayer WSe2, and monolayer MoSe2 sensors suggest that this is a universal phenomenon for Van der Waals semiconductors. We also provide proof of concept demonstrations by detecting vibrations caused by sound and capturing body movements.
40 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed 130 peer-reviewed papers published during 2006-2019, which investigated outdoor thermal comfort using computer simulations and validated the simulation results with measured air temperature and mean radiant temperature, respectively.
37 citations
TL;DR: In this article, Nitrogen and sulfur codoped carbon dots (NSCDs) were synthesized via a one-pot hydrothermal method, and citric acid, ethylenediamine, and methyl blue were used as precursors.
Abstract: Nitrogen and sulfur codoped carbon dots (NSCDs) were synthesized via a one-pot hydrothermal method, and citric acid, ethylenediamine, and methyl blue were used as precursors. The obtained NSCDs were spherical with an average size of 1.86 nm. The fluorescence emission spectra of the NSCDs were excitation independent and emitted blue fluorescence at 440 nm with an excitation wavelength at 350 nm. The quantum yield of the NSCDs was calculated to be 68.0%. The NSCDs could be constructed as fluorescent probes for highly selective and sensitive sensing mercuric (Hg2+) and hypochlorite (ClO−) ions. As the addition of Hg2+ or ClO− ions to the NSCDs, the fluorescence intensity was effectively quenched due to dynamic quenching. Under the optimal conditions, the linear response of the fluorescence intensity ranged from 0.7 μM to 15 μM with a detection limit of 0.54 μM and from 0.3 μM to 5.0 μM with a limit of detection of 0.29 μM for Hg2+ and ClO− ions, respectively. Finally, the proposed method was successfully used for quantifying Hg2+ and ClO− ions in spiked tap water samples.
25 citations
TL;DR: A facile one-step hydrothermal strategy using citric acid, ethylenediamine, and fluorescein as the precursors for the synthesis of fluorescent nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NCDs) was presented in this paper.
Abstract: A facile one-step hydrothermal strategy using citric acid, ethylenediamine, and fluorescein as the precursors for the synthesis of fluorescent nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NCDs). The obtained NCDs exhibited blue fluorescence with maximum excitation/emission wavelengths at 350/447 nm and fluorescence quantum yield was up to 61%. The blue emission of the NCDs was independent of the excitation wavelength from 330 to 390 nm, while they possessed spherical morphology. The NCDs were also very stable in a wide pH range and in solutions with high ionic strength. More specifically, the fluorescence of the NCDs was effectively quenched by mercuric (Hg2+) and hypochlorite (ClO−) ions, suggesting that the NCDs can be utilized for detecting Hg2+ and ClO− with high selectivity and sensitivity. The linear ranges and limits of detection were 0.05–30 μM and 19 nM for Hg2+, and 0.1–70 μM and 90 nM for ClO−, respectively. Moreover, the NCDs were applied for detecting Hg2+ and ClO− in water samples with satisfactory results, indicating its sensing potential in environmental monitoring. Additionally, it was proven that the synthesized NCDs could be utilized as a fluorescent ink.
23 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of eighteen precipitation (rain and snow) events in both Jinan and Qingdao cities in Shandong Province, China, on air quality and dry deposition flux in PCDD/Fs were investigated.
Abstract: The effects of eighteen precipitation (rain and snow) events in both Jinan and Qingdao cities in Shandong Province, China, on the air quality and dry deposition flux in PCDD/Fs were investigated. A total of fifteen precipitation events were positive for AQI reductions. In these events, the AQI ranged between 29 and 195 and averaged 79, and the PM2.5 concentration ranged between 10 and 146 µg m–3 and averaged 39 µg m–3. A comparison of the average of the fifteen events during and after the precipitation, respectively, with that before the precipitation, showed AQI reduction fractions of 23% and 32%, respectively, while those for the PM2.5 concentration were 27% and 42%, respectively; the PCDD/F dry deposition ranged between 145.7 and 1152 pg WHO2005-TEQ m–2 day–1 and averaged 476.7 pg WHO2005-TEQ m–2 day–1. A comparison of the above events after the precipitation showed that the reduction in the fraction of the PCDD/F dry deposition flux averaged 35%. However, the other three precipitation events demonstrated an elevation in the AQI, where the AQI ranged between 24 and 147 and averaged 91, and the PM2.5 concentration ranged between 4 and 112 µg m–3 and averaged 42 µg m–3. A comparison of the values during and after the precipitation, respectively with those before the precipitation, revealed increased AQI fractions of –18% and 28%, respectively, while those for the PM2.5 concentration were 16% and 51%, respectively. In the three AQI elevation events, the PCDD/F dry deposition flux ranged between 191.3 and 946.2 pg WHO2005-TEQ m–2 day–1 and averaged 473.0 pg WHO2005-TEQ m–2 day–1. A comparison of the period after the precipitation with that before the precipitation showed that the increase in the fraction of the PCDD dry deposition flux averaged 20%. The above results revealed that, in general, rain and snow did improve the air quality in the areas of interest. This was due to the fact that the particulates or dissolved gaseous pollutants were scavenged out of the air and carried the aerosols down to the ground. However, in some events, after rainy or snowy days, increases in the source emissions and reductions in the atmospheric vertical convection did result in an elevation in the AQI, PM2.5 concentrations, and PCDD/F dry deposition in the ambient air. The results of this study provided useful information contributing to air quality management.
18 citations
18 citations
TL;DR: A viscosity index based on melt pressure data related to guide the adjustment to the change over position in accordance with material properties is developed to eliminate variability in the quality of injected parts by adjusting the changeover position.
Abstract: To increase the productivity of injection molding machines, we developed a smart injection part weight stability control system based on C++ programming and domain knowledge. The proposed system is...
15 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a bundled carbon nanotubes (BCNT) composite electrode was used for supercapacitor applications, and the performance of 3D BCNT composite electrodes was investigated.
13 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the presence of various estrogenic endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EEDCs), including phthalates (PAEs), bisphenol-A (BPA), and nonylphenol (NP), as well as microplastics (MPs) in samples of the most widely consumed fish collected from different estuaries in northern Taiwan was investigated.
Abstract: Due to the sparsity in knowledge, we investigated the presence of various estrogenic endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EEDCs), including phthalates (PAEs), bisphenol-A (BPA), and nonylphenol (NP), as well as microplastics (MPs) in samples of the most widely consumed fish collected from different estuaries in northern Taiwan. We then proceeded to determine the likely contribution that this exposure has on the potential for health impacts in humans following consumption of the fish. Six hundred fish caught from five river estuaries (producing 130 pooled samples) were analyzed to determine how different factors (such as the river, benthic, pelagic, and migratory species) influence EEDCs’ contamination and the possible impacts on human health following typical consumption patterns. The predominant EEDCs was diethyl phthalates (DEP), bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalates (DEHP), and di-iso-nonylphthalate (DINP) in fish, present at 52.9 ± 77.3, 45.3 ± 79.8, and 42.5 ± 79.3 ng/g dry weight (d.w.), respectively. Residual levels of NP, BPA, and MPs in the fish were 17.4 ± 29.1 and 1.50 ± 2.20 ng/g d.w. and 0.185 ± 0.338 mg/g d.w., respectively. EEDCs and MPs levels varied widely among the five river estuaries sampled due, in part, to differences in habitat types and the associated diversity of fish species sampled. For DEP, the Lao-Jie River and pelagic environments produced the most severely contaminated fish species, respectively. DEP residues were also associated with the burden of MPs in the fish. Based on our analysis, we predict no substantial direct human health risk by EEDCs based on typical consumption rates of estuarine fish by the Taiwanese people. However, other sources of EEDC exposure cannot be ignored.
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors found that social media information seeking is positively associated with COVID-19 misperceptions, while need for cognition (NFC) is negatively associated with it.
TL;DR: In this article, the spectral position and handedness of a photonic superstructure can be tuned continuously, bidirectionally, and reversibly within the entire working spectrum (from near-ultraviolet to the thermal infrared region, over 2 μm).
Abstract: Dynamic control of motion at the molecular level is a core issue in promoting the bottom-up programmable modulation of sophisticated self-organized superstructures. Self-assembled artificial nanoarchitectures through subtle noncovalent interactions are indispensable for diverse applications. Here, the active solar renewable energy is used to harness cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) superstructure devices via delicate control of the dynamic equilibrium between the concentrations of molecular motor molecules with opposite handedness. Thus, the spectral position and handedness of a photonic superstructure can be tuned continuously, bidirectionally, and reversibly within the entire working spectrum (from near-ultraviolet to the thermal infrared region, over 2 μm). With these unique horizons, three advanced photoresponsive chiroptical devices, namely, a mirrorless laser, an optical vortex generator, and an encrypted contactless photorewritable board, are successfully demonstrated. The sunlight-fueled chirality inversion prompts facile switching of functionalities, such as free-space optical communication, stereoscopic display technology, and spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion. Motor-based chiroptic devices with dynamic and versatility controllability, fast response, ecofriendly characteristics, stability, and high efficiency have potential to replace the traditional elements with static functions. The inexhaustible natural power provides a promising means for outdoor-use optics and nanophotonics.
TL;DR: In this paper, an adaptive adjustment system was developed by C++ programming to adjust the V/P switchover point and injection speed during the injection molding process in order to minimize the variation of the product weight.
Abstract: Injection molding is a popular process for the mass production of polymer products, but due to the characteristics of the injection process, there are many factors that will affect the product quality during the long fabrication processes. In this study, an adaptive adjustment system was developed by C++ programming to adjust the V/P switchover point and injection speed during the injection molding process in order to minimize the variation of the product weight. Based on a series of preliminary experiments, it was found that the viscosity index and peak pressure had a strong correlation with the weight of the injection-molded parts. Therefore, the viscosity index and peak pressure are used to guide the adjustment in the presented control system, and only one nozzle pressure sensor is used in the system. The results of the preliminary experiments indicate that the reduction of the packing time and setting enough clamping force can decrease the variation of the injected weight without turning on the adaptive control system; meanwhile, the master pressure curve obtained from the preliminary experiment was used as the control target of the system. With this system, the variation of the product weight and coefficient of variation (CV) of the product weight can be decreased to 0.21 and 0.05%, respectively.
TL;DR: Fatigue might substantially influence non-experts’ dominant forearms because of the significantly different elbow joint angles and dominant arm syndromes they displayed as compared with the experts.
Abstract: This study determined the effect of skill level (ITN 3 vs. ITN 8) on the tennis serve biomechanics and analysed the impact of forearm fatigue on dominant arm mechanisms between the two groups (expe...
TL;DR: In this article, a series of 28 ternary blends of saturated fatty acids with different weight proportions were developed for thermal energy storage applications, including capric, lauric, myristic, stearic and palmitic acids.
Abstract: Phase change materials have been overwhelmingly used for thermal energy storage applications. Among organics, fatty acids are an important constituent of latent heat storage. Most of the saturated fatty acid PCMs so far studied are either unary or binary constituents of pure fatty acids. In the present study, ternary blends of saturated fatty acids i.e., capric, lauric, myristic, stearic, and palmitic acids have been developed with different weight proportions. A series of 28 ternary blends viz. CA-LA-MA, CA-LA-PA, CA-LA-SA, CA-MA-PA, CA-MA-SA, and CA-PA-SA were prepared and analyzed with differential scanning calorimetry, thermal gravimetric analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. DSC analysis revealed that the prepared materials lie in the 15–30 °C temperature range. Also, 300 thermal melt/freeze cycles were conducted which showed ±10% variation in terms of the melting peak for most of the PCMs, with the average latent heat of fusion between 130 and 170 kJ/kg. The TGA analysis showed that most of the PCMs are thermally stable up to 100 °C and useful for medium-low storage applications, and FTIR analysis showed that the materials are chemically stable after repeated thermal cycles. Based on cycle test performances, the developed materials were found to be reliable for long-term use in building and photovoltaic applications.
TL;DR: In this article, the nonlinear dynamic analysis of the hybrid squeeze film damper mounted on a gear-rotor bearing system is presented, and the strong nonlinear oil film force, nonlinear rub-impact force is analyzed.
Abstract: In this study, the nonlinear dynamic analysis of the hybrid squeeze film damper mounted on a gear-rotor-bearing system is presented. The strong nonlinear oil film force, nonlinear rub-impact force ...
TL;DR: The proposed inertial response identification algorithm (IRIA) is able to identify the gain of the inertial controller and the inertia constants of the WPP according to the actual system frequency and the active power output of the actual WPP.
Abstract: As the wind power penetration increases, the frequency stability of the power system is deteriorating Thus, it is expected that the wind power plants (WPPs) will be required to produce the inertial response during the short-term large-scale frequency disturbances To study the effects of the inertial response of the WPP, the dynamic equivalent model (DEM) of the WPP should be able to emulate the inertial response of the actual WPP Otherwise, the simulated system frequency would be different from the actual one Therefore, the inertial response identification algorithm (IRIA) is proposed in this article The IRIA is able to identify the gain of the inertial controller and the inertia constants of the WPP according to the actual system frequency and the active power output of the actual WPP In this article, the actual WPP is represented by the detailed model In order to prove the effectiveness of the IRIA, three cases with different gains of the inertial controller are studied The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed IRIA allows the DEM of the WPP to generate similar response of the active power and lead to close response of the system frequency as the actual WPP does in three different scenarios
TL;DR: In this paper, a new design of white light-emitting diode (WLED) with high stability and luminous efficiency as well as positive aging Colloidal ternary Zn08Cd02S was demonstrated.
Abstract: In this study, we demonstrate a new design of white light-emitting diode (WLED) with high stability and luminous efficiency as well as positive aging Colloidal ternary Zn08Cd02S (named Zn08) white quantum dots (WQDs) were prepared by chemical route and dispersed in xylene, integrating them into an ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV-LED) to form WQD-white light emitting diode (WQD-WLED) High efficiency, high color quality and excellent reliability of WQD-WLED with neutral white correlated color temperature (CCT) can be obtained The experimental results indicate that the stability of relative luminous efficiency and color rendering index (CRI) of the WQD-WLED can reach up to 160 and 82%, respectively Moreover, the WQD-WLED can operate more than 1000 h under 100 mA, and the quantity of WQDs in the glass package can be reduced
TL;DR: In this article, a large-area disordered 2D microgrid chiral structure appeared in the cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) reactive mixture because of photopolymerization-induced Helfrich deformation effect under exposure to the single UV-laser beam.
Abstract: Self-organized periodic micro/nanostructures caused by stimulus-responsive structural deformation often occur in anisotropic self-assembled supramolecular systems (e.g., liquid crystal systems). However, the long-range orderliness of these structures is often beyond control. In this article, we first demonstrate that a large-area disordered two-dimensional (2D) microgrid chiral structure appears in the cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) reactive mixture because of the photopolymerization-induced Helfrich deformation effect under exposure to the single UV-laser beam. The result is attributed to the impact of an internal longitudinal strain, which is caused by the pitch contraction of the CLC-monomer region through the continuing compression of the thickening CLC polymer layer adhered on the illuminated substrate of the sample during photopolymerization. The experimental results further show that a one-dimensional (1D) UV-laser interference field can be used to effectively control the postformed 2D microgrid structure to arrange in an orderly manner throughout the large exposed area (an order of centimeter). The optimum ability for controlling the orderliness of the microgrid structure can be achieved if the spacing width of the interference field approximates the periodicity of the postformed 2D microgrids. Several factors, such as the pitch of the CLC mixture and the included angle and intensity of the two interfering laser beams, which influence the orderliness and properties of the 2D microgrid structure, are explored in this study. The result of this research opens a new page to improve the applicability of the Helfrich deformation phenomenon and further provides a reference platform for manipulating, modifying, and even tailoring periodic micro/nanostructures in self-organized supramolecular soft-matter systems for application in advanced optics/photonics.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the fascia and attachment of the levator ani muscle (LAM) through the electromyogram (EMG) and cadaver dissection.
Abstract: Myofascial pelvic pain (MFPP) of pelvic floor muscles is a common cause of chronic pelvic pain (CPP). The pathological mechanisms and treatments of MFPP are complex and still unclear until now. The levator ani muscle (LAM) is the major pelvic floor muscle. The purpose of this study was to examine the fascia and attachment of LAM through the electromyogram (EMG) and cadaver dissection. Electrophysiological stimulation of the obturator fascia above the arcus tendinous levator ani (ATLA) could trigger contraction and electrophysiological changes in LAM insertion. The LAM of embalmed adult cadavers was examined especially in the area above the ATLA. Some skeletal muscle fibers were found above the ATLA within the obturator fascia and were confirmed by Masson’s trichrome section staining. Our electromyography (EMG) and anatomical data implied that the attachment of LAM aponeurosis extended beyond ATLA to the inferior border of the superior ramus of the pubic bone. The new discovered attachment of LAM could provide a reference position for clinical diagnosis and treatment of MFPP or CPP.
TL;DR: In this paper, a white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) with a visible uniform spectral power distribution (SPD) was fabricated by integrating a blue LED chip and a phosphor-in-silicone (PiS)/phosphorin-glass (PiG) stacked package.
Abstract: White light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) with a visible uniform spectral power distribution (SPD) were fabricated by integrating a blue LED chip and a phosphor-in-silicone (PiS)/phosphor-in-glass (PiG) stacked package. After adjusting the doping concentrations of phosphors (cyan, green and red) in the silicone encapsulant, the PiS was dispensed in the cavity of lead frame already bonded with a blue LED chip. Then the top surface of the PiS was covered with a PiG sheet. WLEDs with the PiS/PiG stacked package achieve a warm correlated color temperature (CCT) 4200K and a high color rendering index (CRI; Ra = 90.9, R9 = 73.0, and R15 = 85.9) at 350 mA. The full-spectrum index (FSI) of WLEDs with the PiS/PiG stacked packages is 4.24 in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 730 nm, respectively. Warm WLEDs with a visible uniform SPD and a high light quality can be fabricated through the PiS/PiG stacked package.
20 Jun 2021
TL;DR: In this paper, an interleaved transformerless ultra-high step-up DC/DC power converter (ITUHSUPC) is proposed for high voltage conversion applications in renewable energy power systems.
Abstract: A novel interleaved transformerless ultra-high step-up DC/DC power converter (ITUHSUPC) is proposed for high voltage conversion applications in renewable energy power systems. The voltage conversion ratio of the proposed converter has an extra factor of 1/(1-D) compared with some other high step-up converters proposed in the literature. It means that the voltage gain is able to increase more than twice as the duty ratio D is operated more than 0.5. As a result, the proposed converter exhibits an ultra-high voltage conversion ratio without using the extremely large duty cycle and turns ratio of transformer. Both of operating principle and state-state analysis are presented herein. Finally, a prototype of the proposed ITUHSUPC with input voltage 20 V, output voltage 400 V, and output power 200 W is built. Experimental results are thus used to verify the theoretical analysis. Furthermore, the proposed converter has the efficiency of 87.2 %.
TL;DR: The research reveals the determinants associated with the epidemic diseases (dengue, influenza, and enterovirus) in Taiwan and demonstrates the value of open data in prediction model development to support policymaking in the domain of public health care.
Abstract: Objective The research reveals the determinants associated with the epidemic diseases (dengue, influenza, and enterovirus) in Taiwan. It demonstrates the value of open data in prediction model development to support policymaking in the domain of public health care. Method A knowledge discovery technique was employed to extract determinants from open data on epidemic diseases. The open dataset collected and integrated from Taiwan's Center for Disease Control, the Center Weather Bureau, and Google Trends includes 70,915 dengue, 34,062 enterovirus, and 52,908 influenza cases. A prediction model using the classification-oriented extraction mechanism was applied to open epidemic data, climate data, and Google Trends data. Prediction models that either included or did not include Google Trends data were compared. Prediction accuracy and simplicity of the decision rules are presented. Results Prediction accuracy and simplicity of three diseases is acceptable when Google Trends is excluded but is slightly different when Google Trends is considered. Location (county) holds the main predictor of the three epidemic diseases. Time (month) presents the second-highest determinant for dengue, and age shows remarkable determinant for enterovirus and influenza. Mean temperature exhibits the highest entropy for dengue, time for enterovirus, and humidity for influenza. Conclusions The number of confirmed cases for all three epidemic diseases cannot be predicted by a single variable. Knowledge extraction using the classification-oriented technique can be successfully applied in prediction model development. Google Trends data reveal a remarkable but inconsistent role in predicting three epidemic diseases with respect to prediction accuracy and simplicity of the generated decision tree.
TL;DR: In this article, a revised locust swarm optimisation (LSO) algorithm was proposed to identify the most probable attack paths in order to reconstructing attack paths between the victim and attackers by using Internet protocol traceback.
Abstract: Distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks often use botnets to generate a high volume of packets and adopt controlled zombies for flooding a victim’s network over the Internet. Analysing the multiple sources of DDoS attacks typically involves reconstructing attack paths between the victim and attackers by using Internet protocol traceback (IPTBK) schemes. In general, traditional route-searching algorithms, such as particle swarm optimisation (PSO), have a high convergence speed for IPTBK, but easily fall into the local optima. This paper proposes an IPTBK analysis scheme for multimodal optimisation problems by applying a revised locust swarm optimisation (LSO) algorithm to the reconstructed attack path in order to identify the most probable attack paths. For evaluating the effectiveness of the DDoS control centres, networks with a topology size of 32 and 64 nodes were simulated using the ns-3 tool. The average accuracy of the LS-PSO algorithm reached 97.06 for the effects of dynamic traffic in two experimental networks (number of nodes = 32 and 64). Compared with traditional PSO algorithms, the revised LSO algorithm exhibited a superior searching performance in multimodal optimisation problems and increased the accuracy in traceability analysis for IPTBK problems.
TL;DR: In this paper, a research model to investigate knowledge creation performance (KCP) was presented and empirically examined, where knowledge property (tacitness and complexity) and social capital (structural, relational, and cognitive capitals) were the main predictors of KCP.
Abstract: This article presents and empirically examines a research model to investigate knowledge creation performance (KCP). The model postulates knowledge property (tacitness and complexity) and social capital (structural, relational, and cognitive capitals) as the main predictors of KCP. The moderation (interaction) effect of goal-predefined strategy (GPS) is also examined. Based on 209 valid samples collected from the manufacturing and service industries in Taiwan, the authors show that both knowledge property and social capital are significantly associated with KCP. GPS significantly enhances the effect of knowledge property on KCP and significantly weakens the effect of social capital on KCP. The effect of tacitness becomes insignificant when GPS is included, due to the limitations in thinking space that the strategy entails. Moreover, among social capitals, GPS maintains the effect of cognitive social capital on KCP but decreases the influence of both structural and relational social capital. Discussion and implications are also addressed.
TL;DR: In this paper, the role of using a gym as a mechanism for adherence to regular physical exercise among individuals with aged 55 and over was examined and a grounded theory research design was presented.
Abstract: Purpose: To examine the role of using a gym as a mechanism for adherence to regular physical exercise among individuals with aged 55 and over.Methods: This was a grounded theory research design. Da...
TL;DR: In this paper, the atmospheric total PCDD/Fs-WHO2005-TEQ concentrations and dry deposition flux in Shanghai and Nanjing were investigated from 2018-2020, and the average particle phase fractions of total-PCDD/F-who-2005-teQ content were 50.3% and 57.5%, respectively, while in 2020, they were 47.8% and 55.1%, respectively.
Abstract: In this study, the atmospheric total-PCDD/Fs-WHO2005-TEQ concentrations, gas-particle partitioning, PM2.5 concentration, PM2.5-bound total PCDD/Fs-WHO2005-TEQ content and dry deposition flux in Shanghai and Nanjing were investigated from 2018-2020. In Shanghai, the total PCDD/Fs-WHO2005-TEQ concentration dropped from 0.0291 pg-WHO2005-TEQ m–3 from 2018–2019 to 0.0250 pg-WHO2005-TEQ m–3 in 2020, while in Nanjing, it dropped from 0.0423 pg-WHO2005-TEQ m–3 to 0.0338 pg-WHO2005-TEQ m–3. The average concentrations of PCDD/Fs-WHO2005-TEQ in spring and winter in Shanghai and Nanjing were 47.6% and 53.8% higher than those in summer, respectively. From 2018-2019, the average particle phase fractions of total-PCDD/Fs-WHO2005-TEQ in Shanghai and Nanjing were 50.3% and 57.5%, respectively, while in 2020, they were 47.8% and 55.1%, respectively. From 2018-2019, the average PM2.5-bound total PCDD/Fs-WHO2005-TEQ content was 0.342 and 0.493 ng-WHO2005-TEQ g–1 in Shanghai and Nanjing, respectively, while in 2020, it was 0.312 and 0.489 ng-WHO2005-TEQ g–1, respectively. In Shanghai and Nanjing, the average PM2.5-bound total PCDD/Fs-WHO2005-TEQ content in spring and winter was 77.5% and 73.2% higher than that in summer, respectively. From 2018–2019, the dry deposition flux of total-PCDD/Fs-WHO2005-TEQ was 316.3 and 460.5 pg WHO2005-TEQ m–2 month–1 in Shanghai and Nanjing, respectively, while in 2020, it was 272.5 and 368.4 pg WHO2005-TEQ m–2 month–1, respectively. The average dry deposition flux of total-PCDD/Fs-WHO2005-TEQ in spring and winter was 47.6% and 53.8% higher than that summer in Shanghai and Nanjing, respectively. The above results indicate that COVID-19 in 2020 had a positive effect on air quality improvement in PCDD/Fs. On average, more than 98.88% of the total PCDD/Fs-WHO2005-TEQ dry deposition flux was primarily contributed by the particle phase. This was attributed to the fact that dry deposition of particle phase PCDD/Fs was mainly due to gravitational settling accompanied by higher dry deposition velocities, while the gas phase PCDD/Fs were deposited mostly by diffusion at a lower dry deposition velocity. © The Author(s).