Showing papers by "Medical University of South Carolina published in 1973"
TL;DR: Patients followed for ten years with preinfarctional (unstable) angina had a combination of high-risk factors in a patient, e.g., frequent angina in the hospital, prior stable angina, and ischemic ST change during pain, which identified his as a high- risk case.
Abstract: One hundred and forty patients with preinfarctional (unstable) angina were followed for ten years for the purpose of determining the natural history and the prognostic significance of electrocardiographic findings. The cumulative survival rate for the 140 patients was as follows: 12 months: 82%; 24 months: 75%; 36 months: 69%; 60 months: 61%; and 120 months: 48%. Twentyone percent (29 of 140) of the patients developed an acute myocardial infarction within eight months of the onset of the diagnosis of preinfarctional angina with an associated mortality of 41.4% (12 of 29). A combination of high-risk factors in a patient, e.g., frequent angina in the hospital, prior stable angina, and ischemic ST change during pain, identified his as a high-risk case. The high-risk subgroup (54) had a cumulative survival rate as follows: 12 months: 57%; 24 months: 47%; 36 months: 37%; 60 months: 27%; and 120 months: 19%. Thirty-five percent (19 of 54 patients) of this subgroup developed a myocardial infarction within three months of the onset of preinfarctional angina with an associated mortality rate of 63% (12 of 19 patients). At the first year follow-up, 18% (25 of 140) of the patients died; 74% (104 of 140) had less angina; and 8% (11 of 140) did not show a change in their anginal pattern. These data can be used as a basis for a controlled trial of surgical treatment for preinfarctional angina.
392 citations
TL;DR: The concept of tissue ingrowth into porous biomaterials as a means of attaching prostheses to the musculo-skeletal system is reviewed and a discussion of the parameters controlling the rate of tissue IA into porous implants is presented.
Abstract: The concept of tissue ingrowth into porous biomaterials as a means of attaching prostheses to the musculo-skeletal system is reviewed. A compilation of the various ceramic materials studied in vivo to date along with the results of the studies is presented. Results of studies on kinetics of tissue ingrowth into porous biomaterials are summarized. A discussion of the parameters controlling the rate of tissue ingrowth into porous implants is presented.
128 citations
TL;DR: The fabrication of a custom-fitted ocular prosthesis has been described in sufficient detail to enable any prosthetist to carry out the procedures and are the most esthetic and comfortable possible.
Abstract: The fabrication of a custom-fitted ocular prosthesis has been described in sufficient detail to enable any prosthetist to carry out the procedures. Ocular prostheses produced by this method are the most esthetic and comfortable possible; they should be provided for all patients who require such prostheses. The prosthetist should not be discouraged if he does not attain optimal results in his first endeavor; as in any other prosthetic treatment, experience is as necessary to success as is didactic knowledge.
92 citations
TL;DR: The data suggest that in muscles, the pyruvate dehydrogenase dehydrogen enzyme is activated in the fed state, and is more responsive to the stimulation by epinephrine and glucagon, which is susceptible to hormonal regulation by glucagon and insulin in hearts, and the latter two hormones in diaphragms.
91 citations
TL;DR: Interconnection of the half-sarcomeres is the proposed mechanism whereby primitive, branched myofibrillar bundles characterized by expansive Z lines and loosely aggregated filaments are formed.
87 citations
TL;DR: A method is described which permits the assay of proteolytic enzyme activity on protein substrates without precipitation or filtration steps, utilizing a fluorescent reagent which is specific for primary amines.
76 citations
TL;DR: The extensive maturational changes observed in nucleoli in term syncytial cells included loss of most of the channels forming the nucleolonemal pattern, presence of presumed heterochromatin in the few retained channels, and decrease of dense component.
72 citations
TL;DR: General activity was not altered by the hormones studied, reducing the possibility that alterations in activity account for the behavioral changes previously observed after administration of MSH, melatonin, or Pro-Leu-Gly-NH 2.
57 citations
TL;DR: It is imperative that appropriate studies to establish or exclude the diagnosis of amebiasis be carried out in all patients who present with a clinical and sigmoidoscopic picture of colitis, and that patients treated with metronidazole for ameb infection have adequate clinical and parasitological follow-up.
53 citations
TL;DR: Three cases of high jejunal atresia were treated successfully by proximal jejunoplasty and end-to-end anastomosis.
49 citations
TL;DR: It is indicated that very fine metallic aluminum powders are nonfibrogenic when inhaled, and that focal pulmonary fibrosis in rat...
Abstract: Fine metallic aluminum powders inhaled by hamsters and guinea pigs caused no pulmonary fibrosis. In rats that inhaled these dusts, scattered small scars resulted from foci of lipid pneumonitis. Alveolar proteinosis, more pronounced in rats, developed in all three species that inhaled aluminum dusts. It resolved spontaneously, however, and the accumulated dust deposits cleared rapidly from the lungs after cessation of the exposure. No evidence of alveolar proteinosis has been found in humans exposed to aluminum dust, in contrast, the intratracheal injection of large doses (100 mg) of aluminum powders into rats caused focal pulmonary fibrosis. However, with smaller doses, the lesions were not only correspondingly smaller, but they remained noncollagenous and cellular. Mo fibrosis occurred in the lungs of hamsters injected intratracheally with the same powders. These experimental results indicate that very fine metallic aluminum powders are nonfibrogenic when inhaled, and that focal pulmonary fibrosis in rat...
TL;DR: It is suggested that the mvb's of human term placental syncytium are likely formed by aggregation of vesicles of Golgi origin into pre‐mvb’s, that the pre-mvB's are then capable of transforming into L‐m vb's, D‐mVb's, and finally into dense (residual) bodies.
Abstract: Multivesicular bodies and related structures of the syncytiotrophoblast of human term placenta have been studied ultrastructurally and cytochemically. Circular profiles of vesicles termed pre–multivesicular bodies (pre-mvb's) were observed often near Golgi complexes. Multivesicular bodies (mvb's) with electron lucent matrices (L-mvb's), mvb's with electron dense matrices (D-mvb's), and dense bodies were also prevalent organelles of the syncytium. These organelles all exhibited dialyzed iron reactivity and staining characteristics suggesting that the organelles were related. Material within Golgi saccules, Golgi vesicles, vesicles of pre-mvb's, and vesicles of mvb's were all reactive with osmium zinc iodide (PZI). This OZI reactivity further indicated a relationship between the organelles. The matrix of the mvb's exhibited variable reactivity for acid phosphatase (AcPase) but such activity was not encountered in Golgi elements of syncytiotrophoblast. It is suggested that the mvb's of human term placental syncytium are likely formed by aggregation of vesicles of Golgi origin into pre-mvb's, that the pre-mvb's are then capable of transforming into L-mvb's, D-mvb's, and finally into dense (residual) bodies. It is also suggested that mvb's may function in the selective hydrolysis and transport of endocytosed proteins, including globulins. Additional bodies with intense acid phosphatase activity were designated elongate bodies. Other Distinctive organelles designated dense cored spheroids were occasionally observed in the syncytioplasm.
TL;DR: A highly sensitive method with specificity for the peptide chain backbone was developed for determination of total urinary protein, finding as little as 1 mg of total protein per deciliter can be determined in heterogeneous biological fluids such as urine.
Abstract: A highly sensitive method with specificity for the peptide chain backbone was developed for determination of total urinary protein. Interfering substances are removed by gel filtration and cupric ions are stoichiometrically bound to the peptide bonds of protein by the biuret reaction. Ion-exchange characteristics of the gel are neutralized, allowing protein—copper complex to be separated from excess cupric ions by a second gel filtration step. Copper bound to peptide bonds is colorimetrically determined by use of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate. Nonprotein substances do not interfere unless they simultaneously bind to protein and chelate copper. As little as 1 mg of total protein per deciliter can be determined in heterogeneous biological fluids such as urine.
TL;DR: It is apparent that water is intimately associated with the outer boundary of the cell and that this association is quite sensitive to the structural changes which must occur in response to changes in temperature.
Abstract: The permeability of the membranes of different types of leucocytes from several mammalian species to the exosmotic flow of water has been measured at different temperatures. Heats of activation for the process have been calculated. Results indicate that the leucocyte has an unusually high heat of activation for the osmotic movement of water across its outer membrane, ranging between 13 to 18 kcal/mole. Unconstrained water movement usually has values between 3 to 5 kcal/mole. This property characterizes all leucocytes examined to date, regardless of species or type. It is apparent that water is intimately associated with the outer boundary of the cell and that this association is quite sensitive to the structural changes which must occur in response to changes in temperature.
TL;DR: The success of propranolol therapy in this series leads us to encourage its use for palliation of patient with tetralogy of Fallot, especially in infants.
Abstract: Propranolol therapy was given to 22 patients with tetralogy of Fallot (1 mg/kg/6 hr orally). In 13 infants (3 to 20 months of age), the medication was used in effort to postpone surgery to a more optimum size. In nine children (2 to 11 years of age), the drug was used while awaiting surgery, or when parents refused the proposed surgery or when surgery was not recommended because of associated defects. Parameters observed during follow-up evaluations included electrocardiograms, chest x-rays, and pH and blood gas determinations. Serum propranolol values were obtained in 15 patients. The acute hemodynamic response to 0.2 mg/kg given intravenously was observed in eight patients at cardiac catheterization. The frequency and severity of hypoxic spells was evaluated utilizing historical information. Eighteen patients were noted to have spells prior to therapy. Propranolol was observed to abolish or to lessen the hypoxic spells in all but one patient. A satisfactory response, without complications, was observed in 17 patients. Refractoriness to propranolol occurred in five patients. Surgery, either by total correction (seven patients) or by shunt operation (five patients) was performed 3 to 27 months after therapy was begun. Postoperative complications attributable to propranolol were not observed. While the mechanism of propranolol action is open to speculation, the success of propranolol therapy in this series leads us to encourage its use for palliation of patient with tetralogy of Fallot, especially in infants.
TL;DR: Children who develop leukemia at an early age are more likely to reveal the association of leukemia to increased birth weight, and genetic, immunologic, and nutritional factors reflect upon birth weight as well as carcinogenesis.
Abstract: Extract: This paper reports the study of birth order and birth weight ranks of 72 children suffering from acute lymphocytic leukemia. Children who developed lymphocytic leukemia had greater birth weights than expected in all comparisons (P < 0.5–0.005). Speculation: Genetic, immunologic, and nutritional factors reflect upon birth weight as well as carcinogenesis. The elucidation of immune, nutritional, or genetic bases for the increased birth weight in leukemia would contribute to the understanding of risk factors for this disorder. Children who develop leukemia at an early age are more likely to reveal the association of leukemia to increased birth weight.
TL;DR: The patient's Pao2 should be determined in all cases of head and spinal cord injuries in order to institute proper therapy early, and the clinical recognition of hypoxemia is exceedingly difficult unless there is a profound fall in Pao1.
Abstract: Arterial oxygenation was studied in a control group as well as in patients with head and spinal cord injuries. While most of the control group had normal partial arterial oxygen pressure (Pao2), half of the group with trauma had Pao2values below 80 mm Hg, and between 10% and 20% were significantly hypoxemic with Pao2values below 60 mm Hg. Since the clinical recognition of hypoxemia is exceedingly difficult unless there is a profound fall in Pao2, and since hypoxemia may be present almost immediately after the injury, the patient's Pao2should be determined in all cases of head and spinal cord injuries in order to institute proper therapy early.
TL;DR: The total peripheral granulocyte pool was slowly restored to normal in the presence of increased marrow production and release and the re-establishment of a marginating pool.
Abstract: A 30% third-degree burn in rats was used to study granulocyte kinetics after thermal injury. Early postburn leukocytosis, a result of granulocyte demargination and early bone marrow release, was followed by an absolute granulocytopenia, despite elevated concentrations of circulating cells. The total peripheral granulocyte pool was slowly restored to normal in the presence of increased marrow production and release and the re-establishment of a marginating pool.
TL;DR: The SVG augmentation of blood flow to acute or chronically ischemic but viable myocardium enhances MCF or isometric systolic tension, from which coincident improvement in ventricular function should be anticipated.
TL;DR: Thyrotropic cells were virtually absent from the pituitaries of several patients with no known thyroid dysfunction but were abundant in the mucoid wedge area of a gland from a patient with diffuse thyroid hyperplasia and were very numerous throughout and formed a microadenoma in the gland of a patients with Schmidt's syndrome.
Abstract: Immunostaining with an antiserum shown to react specifically with thyroid-stimulating hormone has delineated the thyrotropic cells of the human adenohypophysis. In presumably normal pituitaries these cells occupied principally the anteromedial area of the pars distalis and varied widely in abundance. Thyrotropic cells were virtually absent from the pituitaries of several patients with no known thyroid dysfunction but were abundant in the mucoid wedge area of a gland from a patient with diffuse thyroid hyperplasia and were very numerous throughout and formed a microadenoma in the gland of a patient with Schmidt's syndrome. Immunostaining intensity varied widely in a given pituitary. The cells with the most basophilia in histologic procedures were the most intensely immunoreactive, and those with slight acidophilia immunostained the least strongly. Most of the thyrotropic cells were chromophobic with the reference stains and displayed intermediate immunoreactivity. Synonyms from earlier histologic classific...
TL;DR: The growth properties of twelve different amber (am) mutants of bacteriophage T4 gene 43 (DNA polymerase) were examined and it was found that most of these mutants were measurably suppressed in su(-) hosts by translational ambiguity (misreading of codons during protein synthesis).
Abstract: The growth properties of twelve different amber (am) mutants of bacteriophage T4 gene 43 (DNA polymerase) were examined by using nonpermissive (su(-)) as well as permissive (su(+)) Escherichia coli hosts. It was found that most of these mutants were measurably suppressed in su(-) hosts by translational ambiguity (misreading of codons during protein synthesis). The ability of these mutants to grow in response to this form of weak suppression probably means that the T4 gene 43 DNA polymerase can be effective in supporting productive DNA replication when it is supplied in small amounts. By similar criteria, studies with other phage mutants suggested that the products of T4 genes 62 (uncharacterized), 44 (uncharacterized), 42 (dCMP-hydroxymethylase), and 56 (dCTPase) are also effective in small amounts. Some T4 gene products, such as the product of gene 41 (uncharacterized), seem to be partially dispensable for phage growth since am mutants of such genes do propagate, although weakly, in streptomycin-resistant su(-) hosts which appear to have lost the capacity to suppress am mutations by ambiguity.
TL;DR: Several shortcut techniques for the systematic generation of a subset of joint order statistics from U (0.1) are simultaneously utilized for various sample sires, and their corresponding generation times are recorded and compared.
Abstract: Although the generation of order statistics from a given distribution has been of considerable interest, the ordering or "sorting" aspect of the problem presents a serious handicap with regard to computer time. This time limitation hinders the effectiveness of many simulation studies. In this paper several shortcut techniques for the systematic generation of a subset of joint order statistics from U (0.1) are simultaneously utilized for various sample sires, and their corresponding generation times are recorded and compared.
TL;DR: The data suggest that cis-PPC or cis -Pt(II) may associate with electron-rich areas of not only nucleic acids and proteins but also with body pools of free nucleotides and amino acids.
TL;DR: A granular cell adenocarcinoma of the kidney in a 15‐year‐old boy is described, giving further support to the genesis of renal cell carcinoma from the tubular epithelium.
Abstract: A granular cell adenocarcinoma of the kidney in a 15‐year‐old boy is described. This is the fifty‐ninth case of renal cell carcinoma in a child to be recorded in the English language literature. The tumor showed a striking propensity to form microvilli which resembled intracytoplasmic inclusions in routine preparations. Their true nature was revealed by electron microscopy utilizing formalin‐fixed necropsy material. This finding gives further support to the genesis of renal cell carcinoma from the tubular epithelium.
TL;DR: A 34-year-old woman died four months following mitral valve replacement because of nocardial endocarditis, which is believed to be the drug of choice for Nocardia asteroides.
TL;DR: The discrepancies of radiographic interpretation of point placement were shown to occur only when the foramen falls on or very closely parallel to the central x-ray beam.
TL;DR: The results obtained with these stains after a variety of fixation procedures strongly suggest that the secretory granules of these two cell types contain several components and that in parotid acinar and submandibular granular tubule cells, at least one of these components is a lipoidal substance.
Abstract: The granules of parotid acinar cells and submandibular granular tubule cells of rats contain one or more periodic acid-Schiff positive substances that are extracted during fixation with lipid solvents or acidic solutions or if frozen sections are stained in aqueous solutions. The granules in these cells can be stained by Schmorl's reaction, Luxol Fast Blue and a permanganate-Aldehyde Fuchsin sequence. The results obtained with these stains after a variety of fixation procedures strongly suggest that the secretory granules of these two cell types contain several components and that in parotid acinar and submandibular granular tubule cells, at least one of these components is a lipoidal substance.
TL;DR: Fine structural localization of acid phosphatase and acid mucosubstance in the human blood platelet has shown that these two components coexist in the platelet α granules.
Abstract: Fine structural localization of acid phosphatase and acid mucosubstance in the human blood platelet has shown that these two components coexist in the platelet α granules. Within the α granules acid phosphatase activity and acid mucosubstance both appear confined to the nucleoid region. Additionally, heavy acid phosphatase activity filled occasional small cytoplasmic bodies as well as elongated irregular cell organelles which latter appeared to correspond with atypical granules in morphologic preparations. A complex of mucosubstance with nonenzymatic protein, sequestering the lysosomal enzyme, or a complex of mucosubstance with the enzyme reversibly inactivating it, might explain the cytochemical latency of acid phosphatase in certain lysosomes and the masked dialyzed iron affinity in these sites after glutaraldehyde fixation.