Showing papers by "Nagoya University published in 1971"
TL;DR: In this article, a phenomenological theory for ferroelectric domain switching is given, which takes into account the initial size of a reversed nucleus and also the shape of domains, and it is shown that the Avrami theorem can be easily derived if we utilize Kolmogorov's method.
Abstract: A phenomenological theory is given for ferroelectric domain switching. It takes into account the initial size of a reversed nucleus and also the shape of domains. It is shown that the Avrami theorem can be easily derived if we utilize Kolmogorov's method. We solved the problems under two assumptions: one is the constant nucleation rate throughout the switching period and the order is the assumption of latent nuclei of a given definite number and no further nucleations, The i max t max / P s values of several ferroelectrics reported so far summarized and discussed in the light of the present theory.
510 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of perovskite-type oxide solid solutions was examined under various conditions to attempt to apply them to the solid electrolyte for high temperature fuel cells operative at 800 ∼ 1000°C.
199 citations
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the invariant measure of the filtering process exists uniquely if and only if the stationary signal process (flow) is purely non-deterministic.
181 citations
TL;DR: F-actin was most flexible when the mole ratio of heavy meromyosin to F-actIn monomer was 1:6, and the complex was most flexibility when the molar ratio ofheavy meromyOSin toF-Actin was between 1:3 and 1:2.
166 citations
TL;DR: Accessory spleens, the caecal tonsil, the lacrimal gland, and the gland of Harder of chickens were assayed for PFC following intravenous injections of SRBC, suggesting these organs may contribute important components to the chicken's immune system.
111 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the distribution coefficients of Sr and Ba were measured when Mgpoor calcite, Mg-rich calcite or aragonite was precipitated in the calcium bicarbonate solutions containing strontium or barium in trace amounts, such as MgCl2, NaCl and/or Na-citrate.
Abstract: The distribution coefficients of Sr and Ba were measured when Mg-poor calcite, Mg-rich calcite or aragonite was precipitated in the calcium bicarbonate solutions containing strontium or barium in trace amounts, MgCl2, NaCl and/or Na-citrate. The abnormally high values of the distribution coefficients were observed very often at the early stages of carbonate precipitation. The conditions, under which such high values are measured, are investigated. And the use of distribution coefficients measured in the laboratory for interpretation of the trace element contents of marine carbonate skeletons is discussed.
100 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the UO22+ between solutions and carbonate precipitates in the laboratory at 20±1 ǫ C. The results showed that UO 22+ is controlled greatly by the activity coefficient of uranium dissolved in a parent medium and the crystal form of CaCO3.
Abstract: This report is one of the studies on the factors controlling the trace element contents of marine calcareous skeletons. The values of the distribution coefficients of UO22+ between solutions and carbonate precipitates were measured in the laboratory at 20±1‡C. From the determination of the uranium contents of marine calcareous skeletons and sea water, the values of uranium between marine calcareous skeletons and sea water are expected as 1.2 to 0.3 for aragonite and 0.2 to 0,0n for calcite. The experimentally measured value of the distribution coefficient for aragonite is thermodynamically discussed. And it was known that the value of the distribution coefficient of UO22+ is controlled greatly by the activity coefficient of uranium dissolved in a parent medium and the crystal form of CaCO3. The activity coefficient of uranium in solution mainly owes to the formation of complexes between UO22+ and CO32−in the solution.
93 citations
TL;DR: The present study was undertaken to establish the topographical distribution of monoamine-containing cells in the central nervous system of the chicken and to observe their responses to various drugs interfering with the monoamine metabolism.
80 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the symmetry breaking part of the Hamiltonian density belongs to a single (3, 3*) EB (3*, 3) representation of SU(3) @SU(3), which is realized by pseudoscalar Goldstone bosons.
Abstract: Through the recent analyses it has become apparent that strong interactions obey an approximate symmetry, chiral SU(3) Q9SU(3), which is realized by pseudoscalar Goldstone bosons in the symmetry limit. Nonvanishing masses of the actual pseudoscalar mesons are attributed to breaking of the symmetry. The main feature of the symmetry breaking can be well understood by assuming that the symmetry breaking part of the Hamiltonian density belongs to a single (3, 3*) EB (3*, 3) representation of SU(3) @SU(3) .) There still remain, however, some problems concerning r; and X mesons. When we consider the above-mentioned facts from the viewpoint of the quark model, Nambu's argumene) provides a very satisfactory explanation: In the symmetry limit, the quark has a vanishing bare mass, and its physical mass arises as a self-energy accompanied with the appearence of massless pseudoscalar mesons which are the bound-states of the quark-antiquark system. A simple explanation of the symmetry breaking term will be made by introducing a small quark mass. In this approach, however, it may be meaningful to make an investigation of transformation properties, including the chiral phase transformation q-? exp (icpJ..or5/2) q, i.e. extending the basic transformation group to U(3)@U(3). We will call the transformation property under chiral phase transformation, \"chirality\". For example, if a Hamiltonian has interactions of, at most, four-fermion type, SU(3) Q9SU(3) invariance means invariance under U(3) ® U(3). In this case, if we introduce the symmetry breaking term u 0 cu8 which has the same chirality as the quark mass term, we have
79 citations
TL;DR: Rapid increases in activities and components of mitochondrial particles isolated from cotyledons of Pisum sativum var Alaska during the early stage of germination and the mechanism of mitochondrial development during imbibition is discussed.
Abstract: Rapid increases in activities and components of mitochondrial particles isolated from cotyledons of Pisum sativum var. Alaska during the early stage of germination are described. Respiratory rate of the cotyledons increased rapidly as hydration proceeded. A similar but slightly delayed increase in respiratory activity of the isolated mitochondrial fraction was observed. The respiratory control ratio and adenosine 5′-pyrophosphate/oxygen ratio rose during imbibition. Cytochrome oxidase and malate dehydrogenase activities in the mitochondrial fraction increased during the initial phase of imbibition. The increase seemed to precede that in respiratory activity. A significant activity of cytochrome oxidase and most of the malate dehydrogenase activity in the cotyledons were present in the postmitochondrial fraction in the case of the dry seeds. Mitochondrial protein and phospholipid also increased during imbibition, and the rise in the components seemed to concur with that in respiratory activity. The mechanism of mitochondrial development during imbibition is discussed.
79 citations
TL;DR: L-Dopa, a precursor of dopamine, has been found to help patients suffering from this disease, presumably by increasing the concentration of dopamine in the brain.
Abstract: THE principal biochemical defect associated with Parkinsonism is a marked decrease in the dopamine and serotonin content of the brain1. L-Dopa, a precursor of dopamine, has been found to help patients suffering from this disease, presumably by increasing the concentration of dopamine in the brain2.
TL;DR: In this paper, the carbon reduction technique for the oxygen isotopic analysis of barium sulphates has been further developed to improve its reliability for isotopic ratio measurements, and the reproducibility of 0.1-0.25
Abstract: The carbon-reduction technique for the oxygen isotopic analysis of sulphates has been further developed to improve its reliability for isotopic ratio measurements. Barium sulphate is reduced with carbon at 1, 000°C in a thin platinum boat as an electric resistance heating element to evolve carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. The carbon monoxide is converted by a high-voltage (3.0kV) discharge between two parallel platinum plates in a liquid-nitrogen cooled vessel. The barium sulphate precipitated from the solution containing sulphate ions by the standard procedure can be reduced with a 98 ± 2% yield of oxygen as carbon dioxide, and analysed with the reproducibility of 0.1-0.25‰ for the oxygen isotopic ratio. No significant memory effect is observed in the analyses of barium sulphates having oxygen isotopic ratios in the range from -1 to +46‰ (SMOW).
TL;DR: It is concluded that the mucopolysaccharide isolated from the notochord of hagfish is a new type of dermatan polysulfate consisting mainly of (1 → 4)-α-L-idopyranuronosyl-(1 → 3)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-galactopyranosyl 4,6-disulfate unit.
TL;DR: The present studies reported here were made in an attempt to clarify some of the discrepancies in many reports by seeking a quantitative difference between different types of cardiac adrenergic receptor mechanisms after 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) treatment.
TL;DR: In this article, five new sesquiterpenes were isolated from Acorus calamus L, in addition to calameone (or calamendiol), the structure of which was revised, and their structures were established.
TL;DR: Observations indicate that the rapid increase in peroxidase activity in sweet potato slices results from synthesis de novo of the enzyme.
Abstract: The peroxidase content of sweet potato slices (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) increased nearly 100-fold following 84 hours incubation in an air atmosphere containing ethylene, 1 microliter per liter. The object of experiments reported here is to determine if this increase in peroxidase activity results from synthesis de novo of the enzyme or from activation of a preexisting inactive form of the enzyme.The enzymatic activity of each peroxidase isozyme increased during the incubation period, and each peroxidase isozyme appeared to incorporate (14)C-leucine. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the neutral peroxidase fraction showed that all peroxidase activity and essentially all radioactivity migrated as a single superimposable band. The other peroxidase fractions were less pure. Treatment of fresh slices, or slices collected midway in the time course with the inhibitor of protein synthesis, blasticidin S, (1 microgram per milliliter for one minute) caused an abrupt cessation of peroxidase formation and simultaneously an abrupt cessation of incorporation of (14)C-leucine into peroxidase isozymes. These observations indicate that the rapid increase in peroxidase activity in sweet potato slices results from synthesis de novo of the enzyme.
TL;DR: Comparison of this material to protein-polysaccharide isolated from the extracellular matrix supported the concept that biosynthesis of some chondroitin sulfate chain takes place prior to its conversion to the mature form, protein- polysaccharides.
TL;DR: N-(2-picolyl)picolinamide(pmpH) and N-2-(2′-pyridyl) ethylpicolamide(pepH) were synthesized and their complexes with nickel (II), cobalt(II), and copper(II) studied as mentioned in this paper.
TL;DR: Applied ethylene (10 microliters per liter) significantly promoted the growth of intact coleoptiles of either totally etiolated or red light-treated seedlings, but had no effect on the excised apical segment of co-optile.
Abstract: Excised apical segments of etiolated rice (Oryza sativa L.) coleoptiles produced ethylene. Increasing the number of cut sites per coleoptile increased the rate of ethylene formation. Ethylene produced by an etiolated-intact seedling in the dark was about a half of that by the excised coleoptile segment. Red light of low energy as well as of continuous irradiation inhibited the production of ethylene. The inhibition by a low energy dose of red light was partly relieved, if the red light was followed immediately by a small dose of far red light. The effect of red and far red light was repeatedly reversible, indicating that ethylene production was regulated by a phytochrome system. If the exposure to far red light was preceded by a period of darkness, this photoreversibility disappeared; 50% of the initial reversibility was lost within 5 hours. Applied ethylene (10 microliters per liter) significantly promoted the growth of intact coleoptiles of either totally etiolated or red light-treated seedlings, but had no effect on the excised apical segment of coleoptile.
TL;DR: From these results, a dextran molecule in aqueous solution is expected to change its conformation from random coiling to uncoiling stretched form at the molecular weight of around 2, 000 or about 12 glucose units.
Abstract: The number average molecular weight, Mn, of low molecular weight dextran was determined through endgroup analysis, and the intrinsic, viscosities of these materials in aqueous solution were determined at 25°C. The ultrasonic velocities in their aqueous solutions were also measured at 25 and 45°C. As concerns the molecular weight dependence of the intrinsic viscosity, partial specific compressibility of solute and the hound water around the solute, the following results were obtained. (1) log [η]-log Mn and [η]/Mn0.5 – Mn0.5 plots were in accord with the Mark-Houwink and Stockmayer-Fix-man equations respectively for Mn > 2, 000, but these plots deviated from the equations for Mn 2,000. (3) The amount of bound water of dextran calculated from the sound velocity measurement lakes constant value of 0.17 ml g for Mn > 2, 000, but the amount of hydration increase with decreasing molecular weight for Mn < 2,000. From these results, a dextran molecule in aqueous solution is expected to change its conformation from random coiling to uncoiling stretched form at the molecular weight of around 2, 000 or about 12 glucose units.
TL;DR: In this paper, porosity variations in constant-pressure filtration cakes are measured electrically by means of filter equipment having six pairs of disk-type electrodes, and experimental results show good agreement with the theoretical values predicted by fil-ration theory on the basis of compression-permeability data.
Abstract: To examine the propriety of the so-called "modern filtration theory", porosity variations in constant-pressure filtration cakes are measured electrically by means of filter equipment having six pairs of disk-type electrodes. Experimental results show good agreement with the theoretical values predicted by filtration theory on the basis of compression-permeability data. The so-called "retarded packing compressibility" phenomena previously presented by Rietema et al. are not recognized through all runs attempted in this study.
TL;DR: In this paper, the formation cross sections of 26 A1 and 22 Na from proton bombardment of natural Si, Al and Mg have been measured as a function of E p up to E p = 52 MeV.
TL;DR: A monobenzoylated derivative of 4,4′-diaminostilbene 2,2′-disulfonate was found to be one of the compounds that showed very low fluorescence in water but fluoresced considerably in solvents of low polarity and when bound to certain proteins.
TL;DR: The basement rocks of the Yap Islands are composed principally of greenschist and amphibolite, unconformably overlain by a breccia bed with mid-Tertiary foraminifera and by a deeply weathered andesitic agglomerate as discussed by the authors.
TL;DR: Singular perturbation method is applied to a class of nonlinear partial differential equations to reduce it into a single nonlinear equation presenting the wave propagation in an inhomogeneous medium.
Abstract: Singular perturbation method is applied to a class of nonlinear partial differential equations to reduce it into a single nonlinear equation presenting the wave propagation in an inhomogeneous medium. The coupling between nonlinear and dispersive or dissipative effects is shown to determine the order of the coordinate-stretching uniquely. The theory is applied to weak shock wave, shallow water wave and oblique magneto-acoustic wave.
TL;DR: It was inferred from the results of a simple model experiment that in sausage manufacture the physical properties of the heat set minced meat gel are of the myosin B type when no pyrophosphate is present, and similar to theMyosin A type when pyroph phosphate is added.
Abstract: Myosin A and myosin B gels formed by heating exhibited similar binding abilities as measured by the breaking energy, but different physical properties. At equivalent concentrations, myosin A gels exhibited smaller values for the Young's modulus of elasticity and larger values for strain at the breaking point. It was inferred from the results of a simple model experiment that in sausage manufacture the physical properties of the heat set minced meat gel are of the myosin B type when no pyrophosphate is present, and similar to the myosin A type when pyrophosphate is added. In the latter case, the contribution of actin may be significant. The binding quality of the heat set myosin B gel increased with myosin concentration. Hence, the binding quality of sausage should be influenced by the myosin B content of meat.