Showing papers by "Nankai University published in 1997"
TL;DR: A novel method was developed based on interference with peroxidase activity, which caused a decrease of the rate of the coupling reaction of p-chlorophenol with 4-aminoantipyrine for spectrophotometric determinations of ascorbic acid, norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine and levodopa.
143 citations
TL;DR: The lower bound of R/sub n/(d) derived in this paper gives a positive answer to a conjecture proposed by Yu and Speed (1993) about redundancy of source coding with respect to a fidelity criterion.
Abstract: The problem of redundancy of source coding with respect to a fidelity criterion is considered. For any fixed rate R>0 and any memoryless source with finite source and reproduction alphabets and a common distribution p, the nth-order distortion redundancy D/sub n/(R) of fixed-rate coding is defined as the minimum of the difference between the expected distortion per symbol of any block code with length n and rate R and the distortion rate function d(p,R) of the source p. It is demonstrated that for sufficiently large n, D/sub n/(R) is equal to -(/spl part///spl part/R)d(p,R) ln n/2n+o(ln n/n), where (/spl part///spl part/R)d(p,R) is the partial derivative of d(p,R) evaluated at R and assumed to exist. For any fixed distortion level d>0 and any memoryless source p, the nth-order rate redundancy R/sub n/(d) of coding at fixed distortion level d (or by using d-semifaithful codes) is defined as the minimum of the difference between the expected rate per symbol of any d-semifaithful code of length n and the rate-distortion function R(p,d) of p evaluated at d. It is proved that for sufficiently large n, R/sub n/(d) is upper-bounded by ln n/n+o(ln n/n) and lower-bounded by In n/2n+o(In n/n). As a by-product, the lower bound of R/sub n/(d) derived in this paper gives a positive answer to a conjecture proposed by Yu and Speed (1993).
115 citations
TL;DR: A new method is proposed to estimate the fractal dimension of DFBM from the given data set that is robust with respect to amplitude scaling and shifting, as well as time shifting on the data.
Abstract: Fractional Brownian motion (FBM) is a suitable description model for a large number of natural shapes and phenomena. In applications, it is imperative to estimate the fractal dimension from sampled data, namely, discrete-time FBM (DFBM). To this aim, the increment of DFBM, referred to as discrete-time fractional Gaussian noise (DFGN), is invoked as an auxiliary tool. The regular part of DFGN is first filtered out via Levinson's algorithm. The power spectral density of the regular process is found to satisfy a power law that its exponent can be well fitted by a quadratic function of fractal dimension. A new method is then proposed to estimate the fractal dimension of DFBM from the given data set. The computational complexity and statistical properties are investigated. Moreover, the proposed algorithm is robust with respect to amplitude scaling and shifting, as well as time shifting on the data. Finally, the effectiveness of this estimator is demonstrated via a classification problem of natural texture images.
97 citations
TL;DR: Significant levels of both bromate (BrO 3 - ) and brominated organics, measured as total organic bromine (TOBr), form during ozonation of water containing bromide and natural organic matter (NOM) as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Significant levels of both bromate (BrO 3 - ) and brominated organics, measured as total organic bromine (TOBr), form during ozonation of water containing bromide and natural organic matter (NOM) Ozonation of several ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis membrane NOM isolates leads to approximately 17 percent of the bromide converting to bromate and 7 percent to TOBr Depressing pH or adding hydroxyl radical scavengers decreases BrO 3 - production but promotes TOBr formation In the presence of NOM, hydrogen peroxide addition lowers TOBr formation and may increase or decrease BrO 3 - formation depending on other water quality lactors Ammonia addition decreases both BrO 3 - and TOBr production Both BrO 3 - production and TOBr production decrease when the initial bromide concentration is decreased and the ratio of ozone dosage to dissolved organic carbon is lowered
94 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluate the contribution of final state interactions (FSI's) to the production rate of various intermediate physical channels, and find that rescattering of the FSI effect into the original state interaction can significantly increase the output rate.
Abstract: We evaluate the contributions of final state interactions (FSI's) to $J/\ensuremath{\psi}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\rho}\ensuremath{\pi}$ and ${\ensuremath{\psi}}^{\ensuremath{'}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\rho}\ensuremath{\pi}$ with various intermediate physical channels We find that the rescattering of ${a}_{2}\ensuremath{\rho}$ and ${a}_{1}\ensuremath{\rho}$ into $\ensuremath{\rho}\ensuremath{\pi}$ can change the $\ensuremath{\rho}\ensuremath{\pi}$ production rate substantially, and, therefore, could be an explanation for the long-standing ``$\ensuremath{\rho}\ensuremath{\pi}$ puzzle'' The FSI effects may also play a significant role for other channels, such as ${K}^{*}\mathrm{K\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{}}$ and ${f}_{2}\ensuremath{\omega}$
84 citations
68 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the binary information masked by low dimensional chaos with the encoding method proposed by Parlitz and Ergezinger [Phys. Lett. A 188 (1994) 146] can be extracted with very simple methods, even though the channel noise level is rather high.
68 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the structure and optical properties of nanometer-sized SnO2 capped by a layer of stearic acid were investigated using TEM, XRD, ESR, UV-visible absorption spectrum, photoluminescence spectra, IR absorption spectra and Z-scan techniques.
66 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the iteration formula of the Maslov-type index theory for linear Hamiltonian systems with continuous, periodic, and symmetric coefficients is established, which yields a new method to determine the minimality of the period for solutions of nonlinear autonomous Hamiltonians via their Maslov type indices.
Abstract: In this paper, the iteration formula of the Maslov-type index theory for linear Hamiltonian systems with continuous, periodic, and symmetric coefficients is established. This formula yields a new method to determine the minimality of the period for solutions of nonlinear autonomous Hamiltonian systems via their Maslov-type indices. Applications of this formula give new results on the existence of periodic solutions with prescribed minimal period for such systems, and unify known results under various convexity conditions.
65 citations
Patent•
10 Mar 1997TL;DR: A biosensor includes an insulating substrate, an electrode system formed on the substrate which has a working electrode and a counter electrode, and a reaction layer consisting of an oxidoreductase and an electron acceptor as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: A biosensor includes: an insulating substrate; an electrode system formed on the insulating substrate which has a working electrode and a counter electrode; and a reaction layer formed on the insulating substrate which contains an oxidoreductase and an electron acceptor. The electron acceptor is ferricinium ion derived from ferrocene electrolyte.
62 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a single beam Z-scan technique was used to measure the third-order nonlinear refractive index, γ, the two-photon absorption coefficient, s, and the variation of refractive indices per unit photoexcited carrier density σ r, and the free carrier absorption cross section σ ab for quantum-confined Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles coated by a layer of organic molecular in toluene and bare particles in hydrosol.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of chaotic transient for a global minima search in optimization was studied. And the authors used a traveling salesman problem and a double potential well to numerically illustrate the validity of the chaotic transient search.
Abstract: We study the effect of chaotic transient for a global minima search in optimization. For a given energy or cost function, a chaotic evolution system in which chaos provides a scheme for searching the minima of the energy function in the state space can be constructed generally. By controlling a bifurcation parameter from the chaotic dynamics regime to the fixed-point regime gradually the system may eventually reach the global optimum state or its good approximation with very high probability. A double potential well and a traveling salesman problem are used to numerically illustrate the validity of chaotic transient search.
TL;DR: In this paper, a multilayer structure of the Ni-Mo alloy was used as the electrocatalyst of the cathode and the experimental results showed that the novel cathode not only had highly catalytic activity for HER (hydrogen evolution reaction), but also exhibited excellent durability and stability under the conditions of continuous electrolysis and intermittent electrolysis with short circuiting for more than 2 weeks.
TL;DR: Fat from meat, dairy, and egg products was extracted by using Microwave-Assisted Process (MAP) technology under atmospheric pressure conditions with low solvent consumption, low energy consumption, reproducibility, and recoveries similar to or better than those of conventional extraction methods.
Abstract: Fat from meat, dairy, and egg products was extracted by using Microwave-Assisted Process (MAP) technology under atmospheric pressure conditions. Fat content was determined gravimetrically after extraction with microwaves and organic solvents that are transparent to microwaves relative to the sample. (In situ hydrolysis was performed for dairy and egg products.) Fat from the food sample migrated completely to the extractant when samples were irradiated with focused microwave for a total of 3 min for meat products, 1 min for dairy products, and 4 min for egg products. Unlike current methods used for determining fat in meat products, the microwave-assisted method does not require a dry sample, because moisture in the sample (around 75%) enhances the efficiency of extraction. No preprocessing was required for meat samples other than homogenization, which is critical, as it is for other current methods. In addition to speed and ease of use, the features of this technology are low solvent consumption, low energy consumption, reproducibility, and recoveries similar to or even better than those of conventional extraction methods.
TL;DR: The β-CD derivatives bearing a m-toluidinyl or (9-fluorenyl)alkylamino moiety have been synthesized by a convenient method in 45% and 66% yields, respectively as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The novel β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) derivatives bearing a m-toluidinyl or (9-fluorenyl)alkylamino moiety have been synthesized by a convenient method in 45% and 66% yields, respectively. The stability constants (Ks) and Gibbs free energy changes (−ΔG) for inclusion complexation of mono-[6-(m-toluidinyl)-6-deoxy]-β-cyclodextrin 1 and mono-[6-[(9-fluorenyl)alkylamino]-6-deoxy]-β-cyclodextrin 2 with various l/d-amino acids have been examined by the fluorescence spectrum method in buffered aqueous solution (pH = 7.20) at 20−23 °C. The modified β-cyclodextrins, possessing a toluidinyl or fluorenyl moiety as fluorescent probe, can recognize not only the size and shape but also the chirality of l/d-amino acids, giving fairly good enantioselectivity up to 33 for l/d-leucine. β-Cyclodextrin derivative 1 gave the highest Ks for l-leucine and the lowest for d-leucine among the amino acid series, eventually showing the highest enantioselectivity for l/d-amino acids. The molecular recognition ability and enantioselectivit...
TL;DR: When the pH of the medium increases, the complexation ability and selectivity of modified α-cyclodextrin for most amino acids examined here are slightly enhanced, showing the highest enantioselectivity up to 10.3 for L / D -serine.
TL;DR: In this article, the hydrogen adsorption performance on the surfaces of Zr(V0.6)2.4, MmNi3.6Mn0.4Co0.75Al0.2Mn 0.2Ni0.25 alloy electrodes and carbonyl nickel electrode was measured by means of cyclic voltammetry.
TL;DR: A method for transmitting digital information by modulation between a nonchaotic strange attractor and another chaotic ornonchaotic attractor is presented and demonstrated by numerical simulations that the method is secure and robust to external noise.
Abstract: We present a method for transmitting digital information by modulation between a nonchaotic strange attractor and another chaotic or nonchaotic attractor. The information is recovered at the receiver by employing the synchronization between the nonchaotic attractors of the receiver and the transmitter. It is demonstrated by numerical simulations that the method is secure and robust to external noise.
TL;DR: In this paper, a general solution to the thermoelastic problem of a circular inhomogeneity in an infinite matrix is provided, where the thermal loadings considered in this note include a point heat source located either in the matrix or in the inclusion and a uniform heat flow applied at infinity.
Abstract: A general solution to the thermoelastic problem of a circular inhomogeneity in an infinite matrix is provided. The thermal loadings considered in this note include a point heat source located either in the matrix or in the inclusion and a uniform heat flow applied at infinity. The proposed analysis is based upon the use of Laurent series expansion of the corresponding complex potentials and the method of analytical continuation. The general expressions of the temperature and stress functions are derived explicitly in both the inclusion and the surrounding matrix. Comparison is made with some special cases such as a circular hole under remote uniform heat flow and a circular disk under a point heat source, which shows that the results presented here are exact and general.
TL;DR: In this article, a hydrogen storage system Mg2Ni0.75Fe0.25-Mg (molar ratio is 2:1) was successfully synthesized by the replacement-diffusion method (RDM).
TL;DR: In this article, the selectivity coefficients of a berberine selective electrode was first predicted by artificial neural networks (ANN) and nine topological indices for the interference of the electrode were taken as inputs for ANN.
TL;DR: In this article, the light-induced voltage and current generated by doping a self-assembled and supported bilayer lipid membrane (s-BLM) with buckminsterfullerene C 60 were investigated.
TL;DR: The binuclear ruthenium complex (Me2SiSiMe2)[(η5-C5H4)Ru(CO)]2(μ-CO)2 (3) was obtained in poor yield by reaction of Ru3(CO)12 with C5H5Me 2SiSiSiME2C 5H5 in boiling heptane.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors described the catalytic hydrogenation of the tetrahydroindenyl complex (Me2SiSiMe2)[(η5-IndH4)Fe(CO)]2(μ-CO)2 (3), existing as a mixture of cis and trans isomers (3c and 3t), which were separated by column chromatography.
TL;DR: In this article, the synthesis of α,α-dicyano (α-cyano-α-ethoxycarbonyl) phosphonyl/S-methyl ketene acetals 2 is reported and the utility of 2 as synthetic equivalent for 1-phosphonyl-2-cyclized cyclized cyclization reaction of 2 with various binucleophilic reagents is demonstrated.
TL;DR: In this article, a series of fourteen O-ethyl O-phenyl N-isopropyl phosphoroamidothioate enantiomers containing a phosphorus atom as a chiral center have been separated by high-performance liquid chromatography on a Pirkle model chiral stationary phase.
TL;DR: Based on a unified approach via the classical Burnside Lemma in combinatorics, Wang et al. as discussed by the authors dealt with some problems arising from symbolic dynamics and biology and presented a further treatment of the necklace problem which shows a closer connection with MSS sequences and brings more combinatorial insight into the properties of symbolic dynamics.
TL;DR: In this paper, the ionic conducting polymer gel film (ICPF) actuator has been used to drive an ultrasonic motor by friction, which has advantages such as low driving voltage, high speed and underwater motion.
Abstract: The ionic conducting polymer gel film (ICPF) actuator, which has advantages such as low driving voltage, high speed, and underwater motion, was discovered in 1992. This article presents a new actuator element using the ICPF which generates an elliptic motion, as used in ultrasonic motors, to drive objects by friction. A method of forming a pattern of ICPF on a membrane was developed for production of the element. Some robotic applications are proposed. Experimental elements effectively functioned as driving devices and successfully drove a rotary motor as a testimony. Experiments and modeling revealed the relationship of the resultant elliptic motion to control signals and design parameters.
TL;DR: A new hydrogen donor for peroxidase, Eriochrome black T, was reported for the first time and is simple and practical, with high sensitivity and enzymatic activity.
TL;DR: In this article, a robust method for transmission of binary signals by means of in-phase and anti-phase chaotic synchronization based on contraction maps is proposed, and the validity and robustness of the method are demonstrated by numerical simulations with the Henon map.