Institution
Nord University
Education•Bodø, Norway•
About: Nord University is a education organization based out in Bodø, Norway. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 1338 authors who have published 2264 publications receiving 31145 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: It is shown that improvement of the inflammatory profile after weight loss is related to a reduced number of macrophages in scWAT, and MCP-1, PLAUR, CSF-3, and HIF-1alpha may play roles in the attraction of macophages inscWAT.
Abstract: In human obesity, the stroma vascular fraction (SVF) of white adipose tissue (WAT) is enriched in macrophages. These cells may contribute to low-grade inflammation and to its metabolic complications. Little is known about the effect of weight loss on macrophages and genes involved in macrophage attraction. We examined subcutaneous WAT (scWAT) of 7 lean and 17 morbidly obese subjects before and 3 months after bypass surgery. Immunomorphological changes of the number of scWAT-infiltrating macrophages were evaluated, along with concomitant changes in expression of SVF-overexpressed genes. The number of scWAT-infiltrating macrophages before surgery was higher in obese than in lean subjects (HAM56+/CD68+; 22.6 +/- 4.3 vs. 1.4 +/- 0.6%, P < 0.001). Typical "crowns" of macrophages were observed around adipocytes. Drastic weight loss resulted in a significant decrease in macrophage number (-11.63 +/- 2.3%, P < 0.001), and remaining macrophages stained positive for the anti-inflammatory protein interleukin 10. Genes involved in macrophage attraction (monocyte chemotactic protein [MCP]-1, plasminogen activator urokinase receptor [PLAUR], and colony-stimulating factor [CSF]-3) and hypoxia (hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha [HIF-1alpha]), expression of which increases in obesity and decreases after surgery, were predominantly expressed in the SVF. We show that improvement of the inflammatory profile after weight loss is related to a reduced number of macrophages in scWAT. MCP-1, PLAUR, CSF-3, and HIF-1alpha may play roles in the attraction of macrophages in scWAT.
1,108 citations
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TL;DR: Healthy carriers of the SLC6A4 short (s) allele showed stronger activation of the amygdala on functional magnetic resonance imaging, which may contribute to the abnormally high activity in the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex seen in major depression.
Abstract: Major depression is conditionally linked to a polymorphism of the human serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4). During the presentation of aversive, but not pleasant, pictures, healthy carriers of the SLC6A4 short (s) allele showed stronger activation of the amygdala on functional magnetic resonance imaging. s carriers also showed greater coupling between the amygdala and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, which may contribute to the abnormally high activity in the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex seen in major depression.
683 citations
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TL;DR: Weight loss improves the inflammatory profile of obese subjects through a decrease of proinflammatory factors and an increase of anti‐inflammatory molecules and the beneficial effect of weight loss on obesity‐related complications may be associated with the modification of theinflammatory profile in adipose tissue.
Abstract: Adipose tissue produces inflammation and immunity molecules suspected to be involved in obesity-related complications. The pattern of expression and the nutritional regulation of these molecules in humans are poorly understood. We analyzed the gene expression profiles of subcutaneous white adipose tissue from 29 obese subjects during very low calorie diet (VLCD) using cDNA microarray and reverse transcription quantitative PCR. The patterns of expression were compared with that of 17 non-obese subjects. We determined whether the regulated genes were expressed in adipocytes or stromavascular fraction cells. Gene expression profiling identified 100 inflammation-related transcripts that are regulated in obese individuals when eating a 28 day VLCD but not a 2 day VLCD. Cluster analysis showed that the pattern of gene expression in obese subjects after 28 day VLCD was closer to the profile of lean subjects than to the pattern of obese subjects before VLCD. Weight loss improves the inflammatory profile of obese subjects through a decrease of proinflammatory factors and an increase of anti-inflammatory molecules. The genes are expressed mostly in the stromavascular fraction of adipose tissue, which is shown to contain numerous macrophages. The beneficial effect of weight loss on obesity-related complications may be associated with the modification of the inflammatory profile in adipose tissue.
650 citations
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TL;DR: The results provide pieces of evidence that action observation has a positive additional impact on recovery of motor functions after stroke by reactivation of motor areas, which contain the action observation/action execution matching system.
606 citations
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TL;DR: The PMG-ARDL analysis confirmed the role of non-renewable energy consumption in depleting environmental quality while renewable energy consumption was found to improve environmental sustainability, and the unexpected long-run fertility-ecological footprint nexus was connected with the divergent fertility rate information of the EU member countries.
490 citations
Authors
Showing all 1388 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Carlos M. Duarte | 132 | 1173 | 86672 |
Christian Büchel | 110 | 476 | 46481 |
René H. Wijffels | 76 | 426 | 21593 |
Henrik Nielsen | 70 | 277 | 63053 |
Michel Beaugrand | 66 | 228 | 23414 |
Paul Westhead | 64 | 155 | 17409 |
Fabrice Barlesi | 64 | 582 | 25403 |
Laurent Papazian | 64 | 313 | 16914 |
Claude Martin | 60 | 258 | 12070 |
Candida G. Brush | 60 | 172 | 18256 |
Pascal Thomas | 59 | 386 | 11294 |
Ferdinand Binkofski | 58 | 196 | 16065 |
Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot | 57 | 338 | 10914 |
Marc Leone | 56 | 420 | 11460 |
Aldo Gangemi | 55 | 272 | 11348 |