Showing papers by "Sapienza University of Rome published in 1980"
TL;DR: A segregation analysis revealed that in families ascertained through probands with unbalanced karyotypes there was a ratio of carriers to normal (all karyotyped) 54:55, not a significant difference, which suggests that heterozygosity for the translocation reduces fertility in males.
Abstract: Translocation between the long arms of chromosomes 11 and 22 is usually detected in offspring with an unbalanced karyotype following a 3:1 disjunction resulting in “partial trisomy.” Since by the end of 1976 it was suspected that this translocation might be more frequent than one would deduce from published reports, it was decided to call for a collaborative effort in Europe to collect unpublished cases. In response, 42 cases were collected in Europe, and one case from New Zealand was added. The following countries were represented with the number of cases indicated in parentheses: Czechoslovakia (2), Denmark (4), Finland (3), France (6), Germany (1), Italy (5), The Netherlands (9), Sweden (6), United Kingdom (4), Yugoslavia (2). The wide geographical distribution indicates a multifocal origin of the translocation. Among the unpublished cases, 31 were ascertained as unbalanced carriers [47,XX or XY,+der(22),t(11;22)] and 12 as balanced balanced carriers [46,XX and XY,t(11;22)]. Among the published cases, 10 were ascertained in unbalanced and 3 in balanced carriers. The breakpoints of the translocations indicated by the contributors varied, the most frequently reported being 11q23;22q11 (25 cases), followed by q25;q13 (10 cases). While the first one seems more likely, it was not possible to decide whether the breakpoints were the same in all cases.
183 citations
TL;DR: Results from diverse types of measurements are brought together to give a unified picture of the hydration process for lysozyme, providing a better understanding of the relationship between water and enzyme dynamics.
Abstract: The interaction between protein and water is of fundamental importance for processes ranging from protein folding and enzymatic activity to anhydrobiosis. In this letter we bring together results from diverse types of measurements to give a unified picture of the hydration process for lysozyme. The data come principally from experiments with protein films and powders. The principal aim is to examine the relationship between the sites of water interaction, the extent of coverage, and the enzymatic activity, thus providing a better understanding of the relationship between water and enzyme dynamics.
183 citations
TL;DR: Prostaglandins of the A series strongly inhibit the production of Sendai virus in African green monkey kidney cells and are able to prevent the establishment of persistent infection ("carrier" state").
Abstract: Prostaglandins of the A series strongly inhibit the production of Sendai virus in African green monkey kidney cells and are able to prevent the establishment of persistent infection ("carrier" state). This action is specific for prostaglandin A and is not due to alteration in the host cell metabolism or in the virus infectivity. The possibility that this effect is mediated by interferon is discussed.
112 citations
TL;DR: The results show that germ cells adhere specifically to Sertoli cells and that the adhesion is dependent on the differentiative stage of the germ cells.
Abstract: The presence of surface-recognition mechanisms between somatic and germ cells of the seminiferous epithelium has been studied in the rat by an assay in vitro based on the ability of homogeneous populations of spermatogenic cells, at specific differentiative stages, to adhere to monolayers of cultured Sertoli cells. The results show that germ cells adhere specifically to Sertoli cells and that the adhesion is dependent on the differentiative stage of the germ cells. Pachytene spermatocytes show the highest ability to adhere and form typical junctional specializations with the underlying Sertoli cells, while round spermatids adhere much less to the substrate. The possible regulative role of a somatic cell-germ interaction is discussed.
83 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Masses located at the craniovertebral junction comprise a variety of neo-plastic and non-neoplastic processes, which have in common an insidious, often bizarre, clinical course resembling that of degenerative diseases of the nervous system.
82 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the use of graphitized carbon black (GCB) to extract trace organic pollutants from water is analyzed and shown to be better than Tenax for pesticide determinations.
Abstract: The use of graphitized carbon black (GCB) to extract trace organic pollutants from water is analyzed. Adsorbent materials such as GCB or Tenax can be used to determine low concentrations of organic pollutants in water. The adsorption ability of GCB vs. that of Tenax was tested with 51 different compounds including alcohols, acids, phenols, ethers, hydrocarbons,and PCB's at concentrations ranging from 5 ppb to 200 ppb. Chlorinated pesticides were among the compounds that were entirely adsorbed. Although the adsorbent efficiences depend on the nature of other substances in the water samples, GCB proves to be better than Tenax for pesticide determinations. (6 graphs, 17 references, 4 tables)
75 citations
01 Jan 1980
TL;DR: The paper investigates the use of various mathematical models to represent saturation in a synchronous machine and for the first time special attention is given to quadrature axis saturation.
Abstract: The paper investigates the use of various mathematical models to represent saturation in a synchronous machine. For the first time special attention is given to quadrature axis saturation. Calculated transient-response results are compared in order to find an accurate and computationally economical method of allowing for saturation.
74 citations
TL;DR: This work presents a new, scalable, scalable and scalable approaches that allow for real-time, 3D analysis of the response of the immune system to the presence of E.D.’s.
73 citations
TL;DR: A simple method of anterior cruciate reconstruction using the semiten dinosus tendon in 12 cases of chronic combined anteromedial anterolateral rotatory instability along with preliminary results, which showed an anterior drawer sign with the tibia in neutral rotation in all cases.
Abstract: There is still considerable difference of opinion as to the advisability of reconstructing the anterior cruciate ligament in chronic rotatory instability. This paper presents a simple method of anterior cruciate reconstruction using the semiten dinosus tendon in 12 cases of chronic combined anteromedial anterolateral rotatory instability along with preliminary results. In all cases the reconstruction of the anterior cruciate was associated with extraarticular reconstruction. Posterior oblique ligament and semimembranosus advancement was used for the medial compartment and biceps advancement for the lateral compartment. The initial results, with an average followup of 8 months, showed an anterior drawer sign with the tibia in neutral rotation of less than 1+ in all cases compared to a previous series in which, at the same point in time, 36 of 42 patients had a 2+ drawer sign and 6 had a 3+. There has been inadequate time for evaluation of the long-term results. Further comparison with longer followups are ...
66 citations
TL;DR: Sauvagine is probably the main cause of the intense antidiuresis seen in hydrated rats following sauvagine administration, and is modified by either atropine or propranolol, excluding the participation of the autonomic nervous system in its production.
Abstract: 1.
The occurrence of sauvagine, a new polypeptide from amphibian skin, and its actions on rat blood pressure and diuresis were studied.
2.
Sauvagine was found to be present in the skin of all the 10 Phyllomedusa species so far studied, amounts ranging from a few micrograms to 240 μg per g fresh skin.
3.
The polypeptide displayed in the rat an intense, long-lasting hypotensive action accompanied by tachycardia. Hypotension was not modified by either atropine or propranolol, excluding the participation of the autonomic nervous system in its production. Tachycardia, on the contrary, was partially inhibited by propranolol.
4.
Hypotension is probably the main cause of the intense antidiuresis seen in hydrated rats following sauvagine administration. Reduction in urina volume was accompanied by a decrease in GFR and an increase in tubular Na+ reabsorption.
61 citations
TL;DR: The pattern of protein synthesis in different stages of spermatogenesis was examined using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed fluorography and polypeptides labelled during spermiogenesis but unlabelled in meiotic cells were identified.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a complete geometric description of the G -invariant irreducible subvarieties P 2k, where p 2k is the subset of matrices in M n with rank ≤ 2 k and is referred as a Pfaffian variety.
TL;DR: In this paper, the degradation of atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino 6-isopropylamino-1, 3, 5-triazine) by a soil bacterium is reported.
Abstract: The degradation of herbicide atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-1, 3, 5-triazine) by a soil bacterium is reported. The bacterium involved is a species of Nocardia, which utilizes the atrazine as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen. A new metabolite, 4-amino-2-chloro-1, 3, 5-triazine, of the degradation of atrazine in the presence of glucose has been identified. The results further substantiated that atrazine can be degraded by soil microorganisms and indicated that deamination can also occur, as well as dealkylation. 4-Amino-2-chloro-1,3,5-triazine did not show phytotoxic activity to oat (Avena sativa L.), demonstrating that deamination insures detoxification.
TL;DR: Findings indicate that mechanical stress plays a primary role in maturation of regenerating tendon, and emphasizes the importance of close approximation of tendon ends in the management of tendon ruptures and lacerations.
Abstract: Regenerated tendon tissue replacing partial-thickness defects produced in rabbit calcaneal tendons was seen to undergo almost complete maturation between three and sixteen weeks after surgery. At this stage, most collagen fibers had large diameters as in normal tendon, and the majority of elastic fibers were mature. This findings, along with those of a previous study on completely severed and unsutured tendons, indicate that mechanical stress plays a primary role in maturation of regenerating tendon. This emphasizes the importance of close approximation of tendon ends in the management of tendon ruptures and lacerations. This is possibly by surgical repair.
TL;DR: Using a succession of steps involving salt precipitation, affinity chromatography, ion-exchange chromatography and isoelectrofocusing, free and IgG-bound forms of HBeAg are isolated from the sera of infected individuals with an overall gain in specific activity of 3000-fold and 540-fold, respectively.
Abstract: This study investigated the bactericidal capability of circulating neutrophils from blunt trauma patients admitted to an Intensive Care Unit against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Among those patients, two groups were considered and compared: patients who developed adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and patients who developed only pneumonia. Peripheral blood samples were drawn as soon as a diagnosis of pneumonia or ARDS was made, followed by the isolation of neutrophil cells and assessment of bacteria phagocytosis and killing. The results demonstrated that in patients with ARDS, phagocytosis and killing efficiency were significantly impaired in comparison with patients with pneumonia and healthy controls. A possible dysregulation of reactive oxygen species production involving the release of humoral mediators in early ARDS may be involved.
TL;DR: High molecular weight erythrocruorin is found in the vascular system of the marine terebellid worm Amphitrite ornata, while a low molecular weight hemoglobin is contained in the coelomic cells, and of special interest is the dimerization reaction of the 10 S subunits, which appears to be mediated by Ca2+ and conforms to the predictions of the Cann and Goad theory on ligand mediated equilibria
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of ion implantation on the near surface concentration of α-Al 2 O 3 has been investigated, and it was shown that for a dose of 10 17 Al + ions cm −2 (equivalent to 4.5 μ cm −3) the parabolic oxidation rate constant has been reduced by a factor of 140 in tests at 1100°C.
TL;DR: Overall, 55 of the 82 patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia achieved complete remission; the addition of daunomycin or asparaginase to vincristine and prednisone did not significantly improve the response rate.
Abstract: Since 1970, 82 previously untreated adult patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) were treated for induction of remission with combination chemotherapy either including vincristine and prednisone (18 patients), vincristine, prednisone and daunomycin (27 patients), or vincristine, prednisone, and asparaginase (37 patients). Upon achievement of complete remission patients were started on continuous maintenance with daily mercaptopurine, weekly methotrexate, and periodic vincristine and prednisone reinforcement pulses. Central nervous system prophylaxis consisted of six weekly intrathecal injections of methotrexate and prednisone given during induction, followed by monthly doses during maintenance. Overall, 55 of the 82 patients (67%) achieved complete remission; the addition of daunomycin or asparaginase to vincristine and prednisone did not significantly improve the response rate. Severe myelosuppression was common, being responsible for the death of 23 patients during induction. The predicted median duration of remission was 25 months, with 24 patients continuing in remission after 3.5–60 months. Duration of remission was significantly shorter in those patients who initially had a peripheral blood count greater than 50 × 109/liter. The predicted median survival was 39.5 months in those who achieved remission, less than one month in those who did not, and 12 months overall.
TL;DR: The variety of clinical and biochemical alterations observed in these 3 generations supports evidence that Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy has a broad spectrum and that distinctions between the various forms of pseudohypoparathyroidism should not be rigidly considered.
Abstract: The authors observed different clinical forms of Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy in 4 members of a family (two sisters, their mother and the maternal grandfather). The sisters were affected by pseudohypoparathyroidism type I, the older manifested the hypocalcemic variety, the younger the normocalcemic variety; the mother and the grandfather presented only with short stature and subcutaneous calcifications. The variety of clinical and biochemical alterations observed in these 3 generations supports evidence that Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy has a broad spectrum and that distinctions between the various forms of pseudohypoparathyroidsim should not be rigidly considered.
TL;DR: Binding of [3H]dihydrofusicoccin to a 13 000–100 000 g subcellular fraction from extracts of spinach leaves was demonstrated by a centrifugation assay, and its binding properties were very similar to those of preparations from membranes of maize coleoptiles.
TL;DR: There seems to be a marked effect of regeneration on plasma membrane fluidity 15 h after partial hepatectomy when several parameters--surface fluidity, cholesterol/phospholipid ratio, and 5'-nucleotidase activity in the presence of concanavalin A -- are modified and indicate an increase in membrane fluidities.
TL;DR: In 18 patients with trigeminal lesions, the reflex was abolished or significantly altered on the diseased side in all cases, and measurement of the threshold is the most significant characteristic.
Abstract: The corneal reflex can be elicited in humans by electrical stimulation of the cornea. This method is harmless and allows precise quantification of the reflex response. In 18 patients with trigeminal lesions, the reflex was abolished or significantly altered on the diseased side in all cases. Measurement of the threshold is the most significant characteristic.
TL;DR: The AA report their experience of 8 cases of epidermoids of the cerebellopontine angle and emphasize the diagnostic pre-operative value of CT scan.
Abstract: The AA report their experience of 8 cases of epidermoids of the cerebellopontine angle (cpa). In analyzing the various clinical, radiological and operating aspects and the results they emphasize the diagnostic pre-operative value of CT scan.
TL;DR: This schematic classification includes precursors at several stages of differentiation, which sequentially evolve one into the other, in a process regulated via both long and short-range mediators?lo These include hormones such as erythropoietin and microenvironmental influences, respectively.
Abstract: Erythropoiesis has been a suitable tool for defining several aspects of the regulation of eukaryotic cell differentiation. The control of red blood cell formation involves a number of critical steps, which include proliferation of pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells, their commitment to erythopoiesis, the proliferation of committed precursor cells, and, finally, the expression of several biosynthetic and morphogenetic activities characteristic of terminally differentiated erythroid cells.',2 The in vitro development of clonal short-term cell cultures in semi-solid medium permitted identification of the precursors at different stages of the erythroid pathway. The most immature, pluripotent hemopoietic stem cell is the so-called CFU-S (spleen colony-forming unit),3 which is capable of both selfrenewal and differentiation to various precursors of the erythroid myelomonocytic, megakaryocytic and lymphoid lineage^.'.^ Two erythroid progenitors have been identified in mammals, the erythroid burst(BFU-E) and colony(CFU-E) forming-unit: the former represents an early progenitor, which differentiates into the late one, i.e. CFU-E.' This schematic classification includes precursors at several stages of differentiation, which sequentially evolve one into the other, in a process regulated via both longand short-range mediators?lo These include hormones such as erythropoietin and microenvironmental influences, respectively.
TL;DR: Because of the larger doses of parenteral penicillin required to evoke epileptic activity compared with the cat model, both a more effective rat blood-brain barrier and/or a lesser sensitivity of rat cortex to the epileptogenic action of peniillin are suggested.
TL;DR: The antibody reactive in antibody‐dependent, cell‐mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) to influenza virus‐infected cells was measured in two groups of seven volunteers each, before and after immunization with inactivated or live attenuated A/Victoria/3/75 influenza virus vaccines.
Abstract: The antibody reactive in antibody-dependent, cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) to influenza virus-infected cells was measured in two groups of seven volunteers each, before and after immunization with inactivated or live attenuated A/Victoria/3/75 influenza virus vaccines. Age-matched controls were seven adult individuals who experienced natural influenza infection due to A/Victoria/3/75-like virus strain.
After inactivated whole influenza virus immunization all the subjects showed a significant rise of the antibody reactive in ADCC (from a mean value of 4.7% to 17.1% cytotoxicity, before and 5 weeks after immunization, respectively) as well as of hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody (fourfold or greater increase). These immune responses were similar to those observed among naturally infected controls. After live attenuated virus vaccination, no significant increase in titer of antibody reactive in ADCC was detected, even though the vaccine induced significant increase of HI antibody titer.
Little correlation was found between ADCC and HI antibody rises in sera of recipients of inactivated virus vaccine and of naturally infected individuals, while, in live attenuated influenza virus vaccinees, the rise of HI antibody titer did not correspond to a significant increase of ADCC antibody titer; several subjects who developed a significant rise in ADCC antibody titer did not show significant variation in antibody to neuraminidase and/or to complement fixation influenza virus antigens.
TL;DR: Immunochemical observations suggest that the two contractile proteins detected in mouse and rat meiotic chromosomes are associated with the synaptonemal complex (SC), while myosin seems to beassociated with the central region of the SC, while actin is present in its basal knob which is in connection with the nuclear membrane.
Abstract: Smooth muscle heavy myosin and actin have been detected in mouse and rat meiotic chromosomes, by indirect immunofluorescence performed on testis cryostat sections and isolated germ cells. Both contractile proteins are detectable in the nuclei of meiotic cells during the first prophase. The appearance and disappearance time of myosin and actin, however, is not synchronous. While actin is visible in small spots from resting to late diplotene spermatocytes, myosin appears as filaments in the primary spermatocytes from the zygotene to the early stage of diplotene. The number of myosin filaments in the pachytene spermatocytes corresponds to the number of bivalent chromosomes, whereas actin spots constantly outnumber the pairing chromosomes by two units. These immunochemical observations suggest that the two contractile proteins are associated with the synaptonemal complex (SC). Myosin seems to be associated with the central region of the SC, while actin is present in its basal knob which is in connection with the nuclear membrane. The difference in number between myosin filaments and actin spots appears to be related to the peculiar behaviour of the pairing sex chromosomes. The presence of contractile proteins in the nuclei of primary spermatocytes seems to suggest that they might play a role in the process of pairing of homologous chromosomes.
TL;DR: A case of glenoid fossa fracture secondary to mandibular trauma is reported and can be definitively diagnosed only with a temporomandibular joint radiographic examination of them, which includes a lateral and front-back projection stratigraphy.
TL;DR: The steady state parameters of the two purified forms of human urokinase, which differ in molecular weight (33,000 and 54,000 daltons), have been determined over the pH range 5.2–7.8, and found to be indistinguishable.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used pulsesed low-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to measure the melting curves of different series of cocoa butter samples for fat polymorphism analysis.
Abstract: Pulsed low resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was employed to measure the «melting» curves of different series of cocoa butter samples. The samples were prepared from completely liquid phase by cooling and tempering them at different temperatures Tc for varying time Δt. The «melting» curves were measured while keeping the sample at a fixed temperature Tm. The complex shape of each curve was interpreted in terms of cocoa butter polymorphism, and the results were compared with data obtained by other techniques available in the literature. Using just two tempering temperatures (+7 C and −18C), we were able to distinguish four solid phases and identify them with the phases II, III, IV, and V described in literature. Our data are in full agreement with literature. Several novel results have been also found. These include the kinetic constants of the melting processes of phases II and III, the rate constants of solidification of phase V, the conversion of phase III into phase IV before melting at temperatures ≥30 C, and the growth of phase V out of phase II at −18 C (including the rate constant of this process). We are convinced that NMR may serve as a principal tool in fat polymorphism investigations, especially if it is combined with other techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry. Its advantage, apart from rapidity of measurement, is the fact that the measurement itself does not interfere with the melting or solidification process studied. On the other hand, it does not distinguish in a direct way between different solid phases present in the sample; this can be done only in inference from the behavior upon melting.