Showing papers in "Academy of Management Journal in 1984"
TL;DR: In this paper, the relationship between corporate social responsibility and financial performance is reexamined using a new methodology, improved technique, and industry-specific control groups, and the average age of corporate assets is found to be highly correlated with social responsibility ranking.
Abstract: The relationship between corporate social responsibility and financial performance is reexamined using a new methodology, improved technique, and industry-specific control groups. Average age of corporate assets is found to be highly correlated with social responsibility ranking. After controlling for this factor, there still is some correlation between corporate social responsibility andfinancial performance.
1,744 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a multimethod, multivariate analysis of "intended" strategies provides empirical support for the presence of strategic groups based upon Porter's (1980) generic strategies.
Abstract: A multimethod, multivariate analysis of “intended” strategies provides empirical support for the presence of strategic groups based upon Porter's (1980) generic strategies. Variations in intraindus...
1,528 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, data from 58 strategic business units (SBUs) reveal that greater marketing/sales experience, greater willingness to take risk, and greater tolerance for ambiguity on the part of the SBU general manager contribute to effectiveness in the case of "build" SBUs but hamper it when "harvest" them.
Abstract: Data from 58 strategic business units (SBUs) reveal that greater marketing/sales experience, greater willingness to take risk, and greater tolerance for ambiguity on the part of the SBU general manager contribute to effectiveness in the case of “build” SBUs but hamper it in the case of “harvest” SBUs.
1,445 citations
TL;DR: From longitudinal data from 129 nursing department employees, organizational commitment was found to be antecedent to job satisfaction rather than an outcome of it, and several other variables were causally related to satisfaction but not commitment as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: From longitudinal data from 129 nursing department employees, organizational commitment was found to be antecedent to job satisfaction rather than an outcome of it Furthermore, several other variables were found to be causally related to satisfaction but not commitment Implications of unsubstantiated assumptions regarding causes of commitment are discussed
1,027 citations
TL;DR: Comprehensiveness is a measure of rationality and is defined as the extent to which organizations attempt to be exhaustive or inclusive in making and integrating strategic decisions as mentioned in this paper, and it can be defined as:
Abstract: Comprehensiveness is a measure of rationality and is defined as the extent to which organizations attempt to be exhaustive or inclusive in making and integrating strategic decisions. Results from a...
961 citations
TL;DR: A recent study in an industry with an unstable environment (Fredrickson & Mitchell, 1984) reported a negative relationship between comprehensiveness (a measure of rationality) and organization perf... as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: A recent study in an industry with an unstable environment (Fredrickson & Mitchell, 1984) reported a negative relationship between comprehensiveness (a measure of rationality) and organization perf...
795 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors empirically examined differences in strategic variables between stages of the product life cycle (PLC), as well as differences among the determinants of high performance across stages of PLC.
Abstract: This study empirically examines differences in strategic variables between stages of the product life cycle (PLC), as well as differences among the determinants of high performance across stages of the PLC. The results support the use of the PLC as a contingency variable during strategy formulation. Implications for increasing market share and ROI are discussed.
601 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the boundary spanning activity of the entrepreneur is used to examine the strategic management process in small business, and a sample of 82 owner/operators was found to have intensive boundary-spanning activity.
Abstract: The boundary spanning activity of the entrepreneur is used to examine the strategic management process in small business. In a sample of 82 owner/operators, intensive boundary spanning activity was...
422 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors classify responses of managers to a series of vignettes according to the ethical theory represented by the response, and represent ethical dilemmas in the following areas: (I) coercion and control, (II) conflict of interest, (III) physical environment, (IV) paternalism, and (V) personal integrity.
Abstract: Ethical theory is linked to management behavior by classifying responses of managers to a series of vignettes according to the ethical theory represented by the response. The vignettes represent ethical dilemmas in the following areas: (I) coercion and control, (2) conflict of interest, (3) physical environment, (4) paternalism, and (5) personal integrity.
419 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, agreement of psychological climate perceptions is proposed as a basis for a composition theory of aggregate climate, termed collective climate, and it is shown that collective climate based on agreement can meet the requirements of individual climate perceptions.
Abstract: Agreement of psychological climate perceptions is proposed as a basis for a composition theory of aggregate climate. Climates based on agreement, termed “collective climates,” are shown to meet sev...
400 citations
TL;DR: In this article, survey data from a random sample of 8,500 employees were examined to determine whether persons who report perceived organizational wrongdoing differ from other employees as to their beliefs about o...
Abstract: Survey data from a random sample of 8,500 employees were examined to determine whether persons who report perceived organizational wrongdoing differ from other employees as to their beliefs about o...
TL;DR: A study investigating the validity of Mobley's (1977) model of the intermediate linkages in the turnover decision process among employees working in two diverse settings yielded a pattern of results generally consistent with the model, except for commitment to the organization, regression analyses failed to double cross- validate either within or between samples.
Abstract: A study investigating the validity of Mobley's (1977) model of the intermediate linkages in the turnover decision process among employees working in two diverse settings yielded a pattern of results generally consistent with the model. However, except for commitment to the organization, regression analyses failed to double cross-validate either within or between samples.
TL;DR: In this paper, an integrated structural model of stress in organizations was developed and tested through path analysis, and the results provided qualified support for the causal assumptions underlying the model. Role fr...
Abstract: An integrated structural model of stress in organizations was developed and tested through path analysis. Results provided qualified support for the causal assumptions underlying the model. Role fr...
TL;DR: In this article, the organizational commitment or withdrawal process was investigated for a sample of 85 individuals using a longitudinal research design and path analysis for career exploration activity two months prior to their departure.
Abstract: The organizational commitment or withdrawal process was investigated for a sample of 85 individuals using a longitudinal research design and path analysis. Career exploration activity two months pr...
TL;DR: In this paper, discrepancies in the pay expectations of male and female management students were investigated and potential causes of such discrepancies were explored, and females were found to have significantly higher pay expectations than males.
Abstract: Discrepancies in the pay expectations of male and female management students were investigated, and potential causes of such discrepancies were explored. Females were found to have significantly lo...
TL;DR: Three dimensions of technology, three of structure, and two measures of workgroup effectiveness were use to assess the effectiveness of workgroups.
Abstract: The effectiveness of workgroups should be affected by decisions on technology and structure. Three dimensions of technology, three of structure, and two measures of workgroup effectiveness were use...
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of leadership on organizational performance were investigated in a longitudinal study, and effective leadership was found to be associated with improved organizational performance, while ineffective leadership was associated with decreased organizational performance.
Abstract: The effects of leadership on organizational performance were investigated in a longitudinal study. Effective leadership was found to be associated with improved organizational performance. Furtherm...
TL;DR: A field investigation and a follow-up study suggest that pro-male bias may not prevail in middle management and women managers seem to be promoted faster and are more satisfied in their job as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Results of a field investigation and a follow-up study suggest that pro-male bias may not prevail in middle management. Women managers seem to be promoted faster and are more satisfied in their job...
TL;DR: In a study of decision maker beliefs about the causes and effects of structure, a high level of agreement was found between the cognitive maps of a group of MBAs and a full-time practicing group as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: In a study of decision maker beliefs about the causes and effects of structure, a high level of agreement was found between the cognitive maps of a group of MBAs and a group of full time practicing...
TL;DR: An empirical study of 78 divestitures examines the relationship between type of divestitures and financial market valuation as mentioned in this paper, and it was found that divestitures linked to corporate or business level stra...
Abstract: An empirical study of 78 divestitures examines the relationship between type of divestiture and financial market valuation. It was found that divestitures linked to corporate or business level stra...
TL;DR: The article reviews several U.S. business journals including “Administrative Science Quarterly,” the “Academy of Management Journal,�” and the � “Harvard Business Review.”
Abstract: The article reviews several U.S. business journals including “Administrative Science Quarterly,” the “Academy of Management Journal,” and the “Harvard Business Review.”
TL;DR: In this paper, the role of performance and absenteeism in predicting labor turnover relative to other predictors was discussed, and it was shown that absenteeism may have played the dual role of e...
Abstract: The article discusses research pertaining to the role of performance and absenteeism in the prediction of labor turnover relative to other predictors. Absenteeism may have played the dual role of e...
TL;DR: In this paper, a comparative study of attitudes toward specific organizational characteristics and feelings of overall job satisfaction between part-time and full-time employees was conducted. But, the study focused on a comparison between two groups of people.
Abstract: The article focuses on a comparative study which examined the attitudes toward specific organizational characteristics and feelings of overall job satisfaction between part-time employees and full-...
TL;DR: Newspaper organizations were examined for the influence of computerization, when viewed as the predominate organizational technology, on the locus of decision making and division of labor.
Abstract: Newspaper organizations were examined for the influence of computerization, when viewed as the predominate organizational technology, on the locus of decision making and division of labor. The rela...
TL;DR: In this article, the benefits of providing knowledge of results (KR) in addition to goal setting in a strategy to improve occupational safety in a farm machinery manufacturing firm were demonstrated, and an analy...
Abstract: This study demonstrated the benefits of providing knowledge of results (KR) in addition to goal setting in a strategy to improve occupational safety in a farm machinery manufacturing firm. An analy...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss research pertaining to the relationships between job satisfaction and other behavioral patterns related to altruism and consideration at the workplace, such as self-care and self-love.
Abstract: The article discusses research pertaining to the relationships between job satisfaction and other behavioral patterns related to altruism and consideration at the workplace. Job satisfaction was me...
TL;DR: Results suggest that regulations increase consumer and competitor uncertainty, with the consequence that firms select less risky strategies and decrease the riskier new product invention strategy.
Abstract: The strategic response of U.S. high technology companies in the medical X-ray manufacturing industry to increased governmental regulations from 1962 to 1977 is examined. Results suggest that regula...
TL;DR: In this paper, large U.S. multinational companies are classified by the structure through which their foreign operations report to headquarters, and the structural groups then are compared by the use of such variables as...
Abstract: Large U.S. multinational companies are classified by the structure through which their foreign operations report to headquarters. Structural groups then are compared by the use of such variables as...
TL;DR: A model of the unionization process is proposed, tested, and generally supported in this paper, where constructs of work environment, instrumentality beliefs, and labor union image are hypothesized as trigger, augmentation, and predictor.
Abstract: A model of the unionization process is proposed, tested, and generally supported. The constructs of work environment, instrumentality beliefs, and labor union image are hypothesized as trigger, aug...
TL;DR: Results of multiple logistic regressions using survey data on a sample of Illinois firms suggest that these two innovations are synergistically linked, such that the adoption of one increases the likelihood of the subsequent adoption of the other.
Abstract: The adoption processes of two related administrative innovations in the private sector dealing with employee health are examined. Results of multiple logistic regressions using survey data on a sample of Illinois firms suggest that these two innovations are synergistically linked, such that the adoption of one increases the likelihood of the subsequent adoption of the other.