Showing papers in "Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics in 2020"
TL;DR: The superconducting qubits are leading candidates in the race to build a quantum computer capable of realizing computations beyond the reach of modern supercomputers as discussed by the authors, but their performance has not yet been evaluated.
Abstract: Superconducting qubits are leading candidates in the race to build a quantum computer capable of realizing computations beyond the reach of modern supercomputers. The superconducting qubit modality...
701 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review the physics of pair-density wave superconductors and discuss the order induced by PDW states, such as charge density wave, and discuss relativities.
Abstract: We review the physics of pair-density wave (PDW) superconductors. We begin with a macroscopic description that emphasizes order induced by PDW states, such as charge-density wave, and discuss relat...
235 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore the exploration of nearly isolated quantum many-body systems whose coupling to an external bath is very weak, and a particularly interesting class of such systems is discussed.
Abstract: Experimental advances have allowed for the exploration of nearly isolated quantum many-body systems whose coupling to an external bath is very weak. A particularly interesting class of such systems...
212 citations
TL;DR: The recent striking success of deep neural networks in machine learning raises profound questions about the theoretical principles underlying their success.
Abstract: The recent striking success of deep neural networks in machine learning raises profound questions about the theoretical principles underlying their success. For example, what can such deep networks...
175 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe a periodic, time-dependent Hamiltonian-based FLOAT system that absorbs energy from the external drives involved in modulating their couplings and heat up to infinite degrees.
Abstract: Floquet systems are governed by periodic, time-dependent Hamiltonians. Prima facie they should absorb energy from the external drives involved in modulating their couplings and heat up to infinite ...
169 citations
TL;DR: Active matter physics is about systems in which energy is dissipated at some local level to produce work as discussed by the authors, which is a generic situation, particularly in the living world but not only.
Abstract: Active matter physics is about systems in which energy is dissipated at some local level to produce work. This is a generic situation, particularly in the living world but not only. What is at stak...
150 citations
TL;DR: The measurement of superconductivity at above 200 K in compressed samples of hydrogen sulfide and in lanthanum hydride at 250 K is reinvigorating the search for conventional high temperature superc...
Abstract: The measurement of superconductivity at above 200 K in compressed samples of hydrogen sulfide and in lanthanum hydride at 250 K is reinvigorating the search for conventional high temperature superc...
148 citations
TL;DR: A wide range of experimental systems including gliding, swarming and swimming bacteria, in vitro motility assays, and shaken granular media are commonly described as self-propelled rods as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A wide range of experimental systems including gliding, swarming and swimming bacteria, in vitro motility assays, and shaken granular media are commonly described as self-propelled rods. Large ense...
124 citations
TL;DR: When the continuous symmetry of a physical system is spontaneously broken, two types of collective modes typically emerge: the amplitude and the phase modes of the order-parameter fluctuation.
Abstract: When the continuous symmetry of a physical system is spontaneously broken, two types of collective modes typically emerge: the amplitude and the phase modes of the order-parameter fluctuation. For ...
107 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a physical perspective of the mechanisms underlying collective cell migration is provided, which is a key driver of embryonic development, wound healing, and some types of cancer invasion.
Abstract: Collective cell migration is a key driver of embryonic development, wound healing, and some types of cancer invasion. Here, we provide a physical perspective of the mechanisms underlying collective...
92 citations
TL;DR: Fluid turbulence is commonly associated with stronger drag, greater heat transfer, and more efficient mixing than in laminar flows in many natural and industrial settings, and turbulent liquid flows c...
Abstract: Fluid turbulence is commonly associated with stronger drag, greater heat transfer, and more efficient mixing than in laminar flows. In many natural and industrial settings, turbulent liquid flows c...
TL;DR: The actin cytoskeleton is discussed from the viewpoint of physics as an active adaptive material that can build structures superior to man-made soft matter systems and a role model for biology-inspired metamaterials.
Abstract: Actin is the main protein used by biological cells to adapt their structure and mechanics to their needs. Cellular adaptation is made possible by molecular processes that strongly depend on mechanics. The actin cytoskeleton is also an active material that continuously consumes energy. This allows for dynamical processes that are possible only out of equilibrium and opens up the possibility for multiple layers of control that have evolved around this single protein.Here we discuss the actin cytoskeleton from the viewpoint of physics as an active adaptive material that can build structures superior to man-made soft matter systems. Not only can actin be used to build different network architectures on demand and in an adaptive manner, but it also exhibits the dynamical properties of feedback systems, like excitability, bistability, or oscillations. Therefore, it is a prime example of how biology couples physical structure and information flow and a role model for biology-inspired metamaterials.
TL;DR: An understanding of the high-temperature copper oxide (cuprate) superconductors has eluded the physics community for over thirty years and represents one of the greatest unsolved problems in conden...
Abstract: An understanding of the high-temperature copper oxide (cuprate) superconductors has eluded the physics community for over thirty years and represents one of the greatest unsolved problems in conden...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a method to program liquid crystal elastomers and glasses to give a complex mechanical response to changes in temperature, illumination, exposure to humidity, etc.
Abstract: Liquid crystal elastomers and glasses suffer huge length changes on heating, illumination, exposure to humidity, etc. A challenge is to program these changes to give a complex mechanical response f...
TL;DR: When global continuous symmetries are spontaneously broken, there appear gapless collective excitations called Nambu-Goldstone modes (NGMs) that govern the low-energy property of the system.
Abstract: When global continuous symmetries are spontaneously broken, there appear gapless collective excitations called Nambu–Goldstone modes (NGMs) that govern the low-energy property of the system. The ap...
TL;DR: This review summary of recent theoretical and computational developments in the field of smart responsive materials, together with complementary experimental data, shows clear trends in the development of materials for smart responsive electronics.
Abstract: In this review, we summarize recent theoretical and computational developments in the field of smart responsive materials, together with complementary experimental data. A material is referred to a...
TL;DR: In this paper, the Coulomb blockade effects were used to combine topological superconductivity with Coulomb-blockade effects in a Coulomb superconducting superconductor.
Abstract: Recent experimental progress introduced devices that can combine topological superconductivity with Coulomb-blockade effects. Experiments with these devices have already provided additional evidenc...
TL;DR: In this paper, the development of generative modeling techniques in machine learning for the purpose of reconstructing real, noisy, many-qubit quantum states is reviewed, motivated by its interpretability and utility.
Abstract: We review the development of generative modeling techniques in machine learning for the purpose of reconstructing real, noisy, many-qubit quantum states. Motivated by its interpretability and utili...
TL;DR: The field of quantum turbulence deals with a large number of degrees of freedom, distributed over several length scales, that result in a disordered state of a fluid as discussed by the authors, which is called quantum turbulence.
Abstract: Turbulence is characterized by a large number of degrees of freedom, distributed over several length scales, that result in a disordered state of a fluid. The field of quantum turbulence deals with...
TL;DR: In this paper, the study of nonequilibrium quantum physics is a rapidly expanding field with many exciting new developments. Among the manifold manifold studies, the work in this paper is one of them.
Abstract: Driven by breakthroughs in experimental and theoretical techniques, the study of nonequilibrium quantum physics is a rapidly expanding field with many exciting new developments. Among the manifold ...
TL;DR: The physics of the pseudogap phase of high-temperature cuprate superconductors has been an enduring mystery over the past 30 years as mentioned in this paper, and the ubiquitous presence of the pseudo-phase in underdoped cupr...
Abstract: The physics of the pseudogap phase of high-temperature cuprate superconductors has been an enduring mystery over the past 30 years. The ubiquitous presence of the pseudogap phase in underdoped cupr...
TL;DR: In this paper, the two-dimensional electron gas exposed to perpendicular magnetic fields has been the subject of intense and sustained study, and one particularly interesting subject is the phase diagram of the electron gas.
Abstract: Due to its extremely rich phase diagram, the two-dimensional electron gas exposed to perpendicular magnetic fields has been the subject of intense and sustained study. One particularly interesting ...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present some rather selective reminiscences of their long career in physics from their doctoral work to the present, focusing on topics such as the nuclear magnetic resonance behavior of 3H...
Abstract: I present some rather selective reminiscences of my long career in physics, from my doctoral work to the present. I do not spend time on topics such as the nuclear magnetic resonance behavior of 3H...