Showing papers in "Behavioral and Neural Biology in 1992"

TL;DR: It is reported here that in the Australian zebra finch, stereotyped song patterns gradually change in adult males following bilateral cochlear removal, indicating that continued auditory input is necessary to maintain the patterns of neural organization supporting learned song in zebra Finches and raising questions concerning the neural sites and cellular mechanisms that mediate this feedback control.

TL;DR: The results suggest that similar synaptic mechanisms in the amygdala, medial septum, and hippocampus are involved in memory consolidation: NMDA, muscarinic, and beta-noradrenergic receptors stimulate and GABA-A receptors inhibit this process, andbeta-nor adrenoceptor receptors modulate the GABAergic synapses.

TL;DR: Investigating reinforcement processes and motor characteristics with and without stimulant medication in SHR, as an animal model of ADHD, and WKY controls, shows that SHR behavior turned out to be more sensitive to immediate reinforcement and proportionately less sensitive to delayed reinforcement when compared to the behavior of WKY.

TL;DR: The results suggest that a phenomenon sensitive first to AP5 and then to CNQX in the amygdala and hippocampus, probably long-term potentiation (LTP), is crucial to post-training memory processing.

TL;DR: Results support the concept that neurons in the postsubiculum are part of a neural network involved in the processing of spatial information.

TL;DR: It was hypothesized that the different kindling procedures interfere in different ways and extent with neuronal circuits resulting in different functional impairments in pentylenetetrazol and amygdala-kindled Wistar rats.

TL;DR: It is suggested that glucose retroactively enhances memory storage processing in elderly humans and that the enhancement of memory outlasts the transient elevations in blood glucose levels after glucose ingestion.

TL;DR: This finding demonstrates that the structural modifications previously reported after 30 days in the complex environment are well underway after only 4 days.

TL;DR: The projections from brain stem regions to the interpositus nucleus are discussed as possible pathways that are involved in classical eyelid conditioning.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that nicotine-induced cognitive facilitation persists for at least 4 weeks after withdrawal and does not depend upon behavioral test experience under the influence of the drug.

TL;DR: The results are consistent with previous reports that age-related deficits in acquiring spatial learning tasks are common and that the magnitude of the deficit increases as the length of the retention interval increases.

TL;DR: The ability of adult male zebra finches to make specific types of changes to crystallized song indicates that some form of vocal plasticity remains even after song learning is completed, though this plasticity may be restricted to a subset of song characteristics.

TL;DR: The medial hypothalamus of the rat seems to contain a population of neuronal cell bodies commanding the defense reaction, which is activated by excitatory amino acids and tonically inhibited by GABAergic fibers.

TL;DR: The present commentary reviews available data in an attempt to resolve the apparent contradictions, showing that long-lasting LTP (i.e., lasting longer than a few hours) may involve c-fos expression, while shorter LTP may not.

TL;DR: AVP release within the septum is involved in the acquisition of pole-jumping behavior probably mediated by the V1 receptor subtype, however, an additional involvement of the V2 receptor sub type cannot be entirely excluded.

TL;DR: The observed working memory impairments appeared to be site specific since injection of CDP into the medial septum, but not into the anterior amygdala nuclei, immediately following the predelay session also impaired working memory in a dose-related manner.

TL;DR: Since medetomidine even at a low dose has a beneficial effect on the memory performance of old rats, it could be a good candidate for the treatment of age-associated memory dysfunction.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that rats can use either working memory or odor trails to locate an escape platform in a water maze, and that they, especially females, will use odor trails in a working memory task if odor trails are available.

TL;DR: It is suggested that two chemosignals that elicit vocalizations from males may exist in female mouse urine: a potent, but volatile or easily degraded, unconditioned stimulus to which males vocalize without sexual experience and a nonvolatile, chemically stable conditioned stimulus.

TL;DR: It is reported that attack priming also occurs in male rats, replicating previous reports which show that allowing a female hamster to carry out an attack on a conspecific increases its aggressive arousal, i.e., transiently decreases the latency and increases the probability of an attacked on a second trial.

TL;DR: The results showed that animals sustaining vomeronasal or olfactory transections, regardless of experience condition, exhibited significantly reduced latencies to maternal behavior in maternal induction tests, but these chemosensory disruptions did not prevent an additional facilitation of maternal behavior produced by a prior maternal experience.

TL;DR: The hypothesis that azide treatment in rats produces a useful animal model of some aspects of AD is strengthened, as azide-treated rats were impaired on both acquisition and retention of this task, without showing evidence of a motor impairment.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the cerebellum is not absolutely necessary in the processes that sustain spatial learning but that it is involved in the mechanisms sustaining focused spatial memory and in the cognitive processes of the motor program elaboration and not only in the regulation of the movement being done.

TL;DR: Investigation of the period of the estrous cycle in two types of female golden hamsters found that animals with different circadian periods have the same estrous period, suggesting the existence of separate mechanisms in the control of circadian and estrousperiodicity.

TL;DR: Young adult males of the inbred mouse strains BALB/c, C57BL/6, CBA, C3H/He, and the outbred strain NMRI showed significant interstrain differences for isolation-induced aggression as measured in a standard-opponent test.

TL;DR: Rats submitted to a chronic variable stress regime exhibited more inactivity during inescapable shock as compared with unstressed rats, and the combination of both chronic treatments--stress and antidepressants--resulted in a potentiation of the antidepressant effect alone.

TL;DR: Investigation of the ability of rats to learn a 12-arm radial maze task that requires the concurrent utilization of both spatial and intramaze cue information found that a spatial strategy was employed first followed by a cue strategy.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined whether these agents also reverse the amnestic effects of NMDA receptor blockade and found that physostigmine (0.01 mg/kg), glucose, naloxone, and Noxone (1 mg/ kg) reversed the effects of NPC 12626.

TL;DR: Findings are consistent with the view that brain muscarinic cholinergic mechanisms are involved in both the facilitatory and impairing effect of post-training clenbuterol on the modulation of memory storage.