Showing papers in "Behaviour Research and Therapy in 2016"

TL;DR: Novel computational methods that may enable researchers to discern the causal structure of disorders (e.g., Bayesian networks) are reviewed, to contrast network analysis with traditional approaches, and consider its strengths and limitations.

TL;DR: This article links cognitive biases and deficits associated with depression to difficulties in the self-regulation of emotion and identifies topics in need of future attention to shed light on the relation between cognition and emotion regulation in this and other psychological disorders.

TL;DR: An update to the model of social anxiety disorder (social phobia) published by Rapee and Spence (2004) is presented, evaluating the research over the intervening 11 years and advances the original model in response to the empirical evidence.

TL;DR: ABM methods which encourage active goal-focused attention-search for positive/nonthreat information and flexible cognitive control across multiple processes may prove more effective in reducing anxiety than ABM-threat-avoidance training which targets a specific bias in spatial orienting to threat.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider the growing evidence of therapist drift and propose a cognitive-behavioural approach for therapists that addresses the cognitions, emotions and behaviours that drive and maintain their avoidance of evidence-based treatments.

TL;DR: The results suggest that an online-based, coach-guided ACT program with blended face-to-face and online sessions could be an effective and well-accepted alternative for enhancing the wellbeing of university students.

TL;DR: Multilevel regression analyses revealed that both treatment groups improved from pre-to postassessment on social anxiety symptoms, speech duration, perceived stress, and avoidant personality disorder related beliefs when compared to the waiting-list.

TL;DR: Results suggest that MORE, as an integrative therapy designed to bolster self-regulatory capacity, may hold promise as a treatment for intersecting clinical conditions.

TL;DR: Mindfulness has shown promising early results across each of these psychopathologies in a small number of controlled trials in schools, and therefore its use in a randomised controlled design targeting anxiety, depression and eating disorder risk factors together for the first time is investigated.

TL;DR: A general framework and a set of specific criteria that will allow evaluating whether a certain laboratory procedure is a valid model for a certain clinical treatment are proposed and illustrated by evaluating the validity of extinction as a laboratory model for clinical exposure therapy.

TL;DR: Results suggest that ICBT with therapist support for children with anxiety disorders can reduce clinician- and parent-rated anxiety symptoms, and this should be interpreted cautiously due to missing data.

TL;DR: This study aimed to demonstrate the specificity of treatment effects for two components of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, a promising candidate for modularization, by examining component effects on treatment processes and outcomes in 15 adults seeking mental health treatment.

TL;DR: A plea for the implementation of single-case experimental designs as a means to help customize and develop novel cognitive-behavioral treatments for individuals for chronic pain aimed at reducing the suffering of this large group of individuals is pleaded.

TL;DR: Preliminary evidence that the efficacy of explicit cognitive reappraisal is moderated by the precursory use of other emotion regulation strategies is provided and it is suggested that depressed individuals might benefit from using self-compassion to facilitate the subsequent use of explicit Cognitive Reappraisal.

TL;DR: Findings demonstrated the power of brief mindfulness instructions to positively impact both health-relevant behavior and sensory experience associated with eating food.

TL;DR: The LRI tool can identify cases at risk of poor progress to inform personalized treatment recommendations for low and high intensity psychological interventions and find significant differences in RCSI and treatment completion rates.

TL;DR: Mindfulness-Based Therapy and Behavioral Activation are two interventions with significant potential to meet demands of college counseling clinics and effectively treat college students with MDD and there was strong therapist competence and adherence to treatment protocols and high patient satisfaction with both interventions.

TL;DR: Compared to a supportive-therapy control, a 30-min computer-guided mindset intervention strengthened adolescents' perceived control and this improvement was associated with increases in growth mindsets, and results suggest a disseminable strategy for reducing internalizing problem risk among adolescents.

TL;DR: It is proposed that baseline cue-activated physiological measures will be sensitive to predicting patients' level of response to exposure therapy, in particular in the presence of enhancement (e.g., DCS), and shown that baseline cortisol reactivity was inversely associated with treatment response in the ALP group.

TL;DR: All conditions, including the monitoring control condition, were equally effective in reducing depressive symptoms; possible explanations for the decrease of depressive symptoms in all conditions are discussed and suggestions for future research are provided.

TL;DR: Initial efficacy is presented of a school-based transdiagnostic group behavioral activation therapy (GBAT) that emphasizes anti-avoidance in vivo exposure that can feasibly and acceptably be applied in school settings.

TL;DR: Being fully aware of the present moment without the lens of judgment seems to help women relate to their infertility and IVF treatment in new ways, which is beneficial for promoting their self-compassion, adaptive emotion regulation and infertility-related coping strategies, which, in turn, may influence the FertiQoL and pregnancy rates.

TL;DR: It is shown how a failure to consistently differentiate between process and procedure has contributed to confusion concerning whether or not attentional bias modification reliably alters anxiety vulnerability and dysfunction, and how such confusion can be avoided by distinguishing the process of attentional biased modification from the procedures that have been employed with the intention of evoking this target process.

TL;DR: Mediation analyses revealed that poor emotional clarity and negative interpersonal perceptions among those with SAD might account for this finding of positive affective empathy: they were less able to vicariously share others' positive emotions.

TL;DR: It is suggested that internet-delivered acceptance-based behaviour therapy can be effective in reducing the symptoms of GAD and quality of life.

TL;DR: The present study provides the first empirical evidence that brief, targeted psychoeducational interventions can mitigate panic risk among smokers.

TL;DR: This large-scale randomized controlled study provided no support for the efficacy of the current online attentional bias modification training as a preventive intervention to reduce symptoms of anxiety or depression or to increase emotional resilience in unselected adolescents.

TL;DR: The results indicate that trauma-focused treatments are safe and effective, even for the minority of individuals who experience temporary symptom increases, and even those who experienced an exacerbation experienced clinically significant improvement by end of treatment.

TL;DR: Clinicians who received enhanced training showed significantly greater reductions in concerns about exposure from pre- to post-training, and superior self-reported delivery of the treatment, underscore the importance of addressing clinician concerns about Exposure Therapy in training contexts.

TL;DR: While both groups demonstrated efficacy in this population, the DBT group appeared to be a more acceptable and efficacious treatment for implementation, and there was a significant difference in acceptability between treatments.