Showing papers in "Cellular Signalling in 2021"

TL;DR: This review focuses on microRNAs and their regulation in CP chemotherapy of lung cancer, as the most malignant tumor worldwide, and describes the upstream modulators of miRs and their association with CP resistance/sensitivity in lung cancer cells.

TL;DR: The role of cell-surface HSPGs as pleiotropic modulators of signaling in cancer and identify them as promising markers and targets for cancer treatment are discussed.

TL;DR: This review manuscript summarizes knowledge on the role of Smad signaling cascades in cardiac fibrosis and identifies patient subsets with overactive or dysregulated myocardial Smad-dependent fibrogenic responses are critical for design of successful therapeutic strategies in patients with fibrosis-associated heart failure.

TL;DR: The major integrin adhesion complexes (IACs) characterised are focal adhesions (FAs), invadosomes (podosomes and invadopodia), hemidesmosomes (HDs) and reticular adhesion (RAs).

TL;DR: Current knowledge about the biogenesis of ECM components in chondrocytes is provided, possible causes for the impairment of involved processes are described and attention is focused on the ER stress-induced cell death in articular cartilage during OA.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed that the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-17A induces oxidative stress and amplifies inflammatory signaling in human aortic smooth muscle cells (SMC) via TRAF3IP2-mediated NLRP3/caspase-1-dependent mitogenic and migratory pro inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18.

TL;DR: The diverse and polarizing functions that contribute to MI wound repair make this innate immune cell a viable target to improve MI outcomes and understanding the signaling involved in neutrophil physiology in the context of MI may help to identify novel therapeutic targets.

TL;DR: Insects possess an immune system that protects them from attacks by various pathogenic microorganisms that would otherwise threaten their survival as mentioned in this paper, which can be explored as an integrated system at the level of the whole organism.

TL;DR: Results indicate that BDNF and lactate are linked in atherosclerotic patients, and BDNF inhibits ox-LDL induced NLRP3 inflammasome formation and pyroptosis in HUVECs via KLF2/HK1-mediated glucose metabolism modulation and mitochondrial homeostasis preservation.

TL;DR: It is observed that CSE deficiency alters the expressions of ferroptosis and lipid peroxidation-related proteins and enhances global protein acetylation in mouse skeletal muscles under aging or injury conditions.

TL;DR: The discovery of micro RNAs (miRNA) in cancer has opened up new vistas for researchers in recent years as mentioned in this paper, and they can function as tumor suppressors or oncogenes.

TL;DR: The mechanisms involved in the fibrosis-inflammation axis in the context of specific cardiac stresses, such as myocardial ischemia, and in nonischemic heart conditions are discussed and the gut-heart axis is reviewed as an example of a novel perspective that may contribute to the understanding of how immune and fibrotic modulation may be indirectly modulated.

TL;DR: Investigation of the in vitro and in ovo anti-angiogenic effect of Curcumin and Veliparib (a PARP inhibitor) in oral cancer found that NO is cardinal in inducing NECTIN-4 mediated angiogenesis in H357 cells.

TL;DR: In this paper, the implications of ceramide/SMS balance through "SM cycle" in cancer progression and prevention are discussed, and the possible involvement of SM cycle in anti-cancer tumor immunity is introduced.

TL;DR: An enhanced understanding of biased agonism in the chemokine system may prove transformative in the understanding of the mechanisms and consequences of biased signaling across all GPCR subtypes and aid in the development of biased pharmaceuticals with increased therapeutic efficacy and safer side effect profiles.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe and discuss the role of new players of fibrosis and the convergence with TGF-β signaling pathways, unveiling new insights into the panorama of the fibrosis that could be useful for future therapeutic targets.

TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of CAF-derived exosomal miR-135b-5p on colorectal cancer (CRC) progression by targeting thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) was explored.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used bioinformatics approaches to identify differentially expressed genes associated with HCC and ferroptosis and found that G6PD (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) was highly expressed in HCC cells and was associated with poor prognosis.

TL;DR: The importance and relevance of fibroblast heterogeneity in mediating fibrosis in different models of heart failure is delineated and important signalling pathways implicated in myofibroblast activation are highlighted.

TL;DR: The results of this study elucidate the roles of autophagy in CIRI and the mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective action of OXA and could facilitate the development of novel therapeutics for ischemic stroke.

TL;DR: A unique mechanism of non-degradative ubiquitination of NLRP3 by STAMBP is described to limit excessive inflammasome activation and to reduce injurious IL-1β signaling.

TL;DR: This review summarises the emerging evidence of SCRA bias at the cannabinoid receptors and suggests SCRAs provide the most promising prospect for detecting and studying bias.

TL;DR: In this article, three different types of collagen cross-links are discussed for cardiac fibrosis, including those catalyzed by lysyl oxidases, transglutaminases, and those that result from nonenzymatic modification by the addition of advanced glycation end products.

TL;DR: Collectively, MSCs-derived exosomes with low-expressed miR-153-3p notably promotes the activation of ANGPT1 and the VEGF/VEGFR2 /PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathways, thereby preventing the damages endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes against hypoxia.

TL;DR: In this paper, resident cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) are considered the primary source of ECM molecules such as collagens and fibronectin, particularly after becoming activated by pathologic signals and contribute to multiple phases of post-MI heart repair and remodeling, including the initial response to CM death, immune cell (IC) recruitment, and fibrotic scar formation.

TL;DR: In this paper, the role of ALDH in solid tumours, especially ALDH1A1 and ALDH 1A3 isoforms, regarding the molecular mechanism of their transcription and regulation, and their crosstalk with main molecular pathways resulting in the excessive proliferation, chemoresistance, stem cells properties and invasiveness.

TL;DR: How molecular signals between fibroblasts and immune cells mutually regulate fibrosis post-MI is discussed, and the emerging pharmacological targets and therapies for modulating inflammation and cardiac fibrosis associated with MI are outlined.

TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper explored the PDGF-PDGFR gene expression changes and their involvement in skeletal muscle myogenesis and myogenic fate, and showed that myogenic progenitors and muscle stem cells differentially express PDGF ligands and PDGF receptors during myogenesis.

TL;DR: In this article, small RNA sequencing showed that twenty-five miRNAs were differentially expressed between control and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) groups and the alterations in the miRNA profile were related to the endocrine resistance, cell growth and proliferation, cellular senescence and insulin signaling pathway.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide an in-depth and expansive review of the literature pertaining to the multiple physiological functions of Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1), including regulation of transcription, mRNA stability, and splicing.