Showing papers in "Clinical Immunology in 2013"

TL;DR: There is considerable success in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis using anti-cytokine therapies in OA, however, these therapies did not show much effect, highlighting more complex nature of pathogenesis of OA.

TL;DR: This review will focus on the Td contribution to immunogenicity, summarizing current approaches for the prediction and measurement of T cell-dependent immune responses to protein biologics, discussing the advantages and limitations of these technologies, and suggesting a practical approach for assessing and mitigating Td Immunogenicity.

TL;DR: The complex pathogenesis of CD25 deficiency provides invaluable insight into the role of IL2/IL-2RA-dependent regulation in autoimmunity and inflammatory diseases.

TL;DR: The objective of this review is to describe the clinical manifestations of the growing spectrum of monogenic autoinflammatory diseases including recently described syndromes.

TL;DR: The data suggest that IRT5 probiotics could be applicable to modulate T cell mediated neuronal autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis.

TL;DR: Cytoplasmic S100 proteins derived from cells of myeloid origin are promising new markers of (auto-)inflammation and may help achieve a better understanding of the pathophysiology of autoinflammatory disorders including SJIA and FMF, and even provide novel therapeutic targets in the future.

TL;DR: Among 25 symptomatic patients diagnosed with XIAP deficiency, 17 patients who initially presented with manifestations other than HLH were identified, and neither genotype nor protein expression nor results from cell death studies were clearly associated with the clinical phenotype.

TL;DR: Current hypotheses regarding the potential impact of sex hormones and genetics on disease pathogenesis, incidence, and severity of SLE and RA are reviewed.

TL;DR: Investigating the possible role of follicular helper T (TFH) cells in the pathogenesis of primary Sjögren's syndrome by analyzing immune-competent cells and serological markers with special emphasis on clinical symptoms found increased TFH cell proportions seem to have an important role in disease development.

TL;DR: The clinical phenotype of mevalonate kinase deficiency ranges widely, depending on the severity of the enzyme defect, and targeted therapies are needed.

TL;DR: The evidence supporting a pathogenic role of IFNα and pDC in SLE is discussed, an update on the current status of these therapeutic strategies is provided, and the potential advantages and disadvantages of each therapeutic approach are discussed.

TL;DR: In this overview CNO and Majeed syndrome, cherubism, hypophosphatasia and primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy will be discussed, and a genetic cause affecting bone metabolism and leading to chronic bone inflammation has been described.

TL;DR: Tregs from tumor-associated ascites were the most potent suppressor T cell fraction and targeting TNFR2+ Tregs may offer new approaches to enhance the poor survival rates of ovarian cancer.

TL;DR: It is shown that intra-thyroid infiltrating Th17 cells and serum IL-17 levels were significantly increased in HT patients, and high levels of iodine may play a critical role in this process by modulating T cell differentiation.

TL;DR: Significant differences in efficacy among patient groups are identified suggesting that a key aspect for development of this immune therapy is identification of the demographic, metabolic, and immunologic features that distinguish subjects who are most likely to show beneficial clinical responses.

TL;DR: A review of other inflammatory diseases where ongoing programs might provide the groundwork for the development of complement inhibitors in SLE and data generated from murine lupus that provide scientific support for the study of human SLE are reviewed.

TL;DR: In this paper, an anti-CD3/anti-CD133 bispecific antibody (BsAb) was generated and bound to the cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells as effector cells to target CD133(high) CSCs.

TL;DR: Each inflammasome has unique roles in pathogen recognition, which may determine the outcome of polymicrobial infection and link different infectious co-morbidities to chronic inflammatory disease.

TL;DR: This article summarizes what is known about sexual dimorphism in MS onset and course, as well as potential interactions between sex and other factors influencing MS pathogenesis, incidence and severity.

TL;DR: Current treatment strategies in autoinflammatory disorders are reviewed with a focus on inflammasome and cytokine inhibition, which to date is the most successful specific therapy in auto inflammatory disorders.

TL;DR: Phenotypic and functional properties of IL-17-producing Foxp3(+)CD4(+) T cells as well as the significant implications of these cells in the initiation and progression of colorectal diseases are discussed in this review.

TL;DR: The data indicate that cross-talk between the gut microbiota and the innate immune system may be involved in islet destruction and a better understanding of the interplay between microbes and innate immune pathways in early disease stages holds promise for the design of immune interventions and disease prevention in genetically susceptible individuals.

TL;DR: Pediatric and adolescent presentations of MS provide a unique opportunity to study the effects of neuroendocrine changes occurring during puberty and its effect on disease development and disease course, as well as the relationship of MS risk factors and puberty.

TL;DR: A novel F12 gene mutation is presented, a duplication of 18 base pairs in a 37-year-old woman with recurrent angioedema and normal C1-inhibitor level, which may confirm the importance of the proline-rich region of factor XII protein in edema formation.

TL;DR: Recent findings based on established disease models are discussed, including finding that the capacity of NAs to accidentally activate innate sensors significantly contributes to inappropriate responses to self.

TL;DR: The generation and characterisation of five monoclonal antibodies specific for the E2 glycoprotein of CHikungunya virus are described, two of which provided complete protection against arthritis in a CHIKV mouse model when administered prior to infection.

TL;DR: What is known about the relationship between reproductive aging and autoimmune diseases in men and women and the potential for hormonal interventions is summarized and areas for further investigation are highlighted.

TL;DR: It is shown that MB cells in 9 of 20 primary tumors express CD1d, an antigen-presenting molecule for Natural Killer T cells (NKTs), which represents a novel target for immunotherapy.

TL;DR: The role of PTPN22 in T and B cells, and its function in innate immune cells, such as monocytes, dendritic cells and NK cells are discussed.

TL;DR: The contribution of peripheral B lymphocytes in the progression from autoimmunity to autoimmune disease is discussed, ranging from activation of T cells and epitope spreading to control of the autoimmune process by regulatory mechanisms.