Showing papers in "Drug Resistance Updates in 2019"

TL;DR: This review aims to bring together these multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary features of MDR cancers by deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying anticancer drug resistance, to pave the way towards the development of novel precision medicine treatment modalities that are able to surmount distinct and well-defined mechanisms of antic cancer drug resistance.

TL;DR: This review provides a comprehensive description of the main strategies involved in AR in P. aeruginosa and the leading drivers of HGT in this species.

TL;DR: A detailed overview of the immunobiological rationale and molecular basis for combining immune checkpoint inhibitors with chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced NSCLC and current evidence and future perspectives towards a better selection of patients who are more likely to benefit from chemo-immunotherapy combinations are discussed.

TL;DR: Various approaches that have been developed to deplete exosomes to reverse some of the detrimental effects on tumor metabolism and restore drug sensitivity to chemotherapeutic treatment are discussed.

TL;DR: An overview of the molecular features of GSCs is provided, and how to facilitate their detection and efficient targeting for therapeutic interventions is elaborated, with a focus on potential therapeutic approaches.

TL;DR: The state-of-the-art in the development and commercialization of EV-based biomarkers is outlined and the scientific and technological challenges that need to be met are discussed in order to translate EV research into clinically applicable tools for precision medicine.

TL;DR: Current combination strategies are analyzed and how they can be improved to unleash the immune system's full anti-cancer potential as well as convert immunologically "cold" tumors into "hot" ones.

TL;DR: The direct inhibition of YY1 and/or the use of the above targeted drugs in combination with checkpoint inhibitors should result in enhancing the cell-mediated anti-tumor cell response and also reverse the resistance observed with theUse of checkpoint inhibitors alone.

TL;DR: Emerging principles of drug resistance to cancer therapies targeting a wide array of oncogenic kinases, along with hedgehog pathway and the proteasome and apoptotic inducers, as well as epigenetic and metabolic modulators are discussed.

TL;DR: This review focuses on the putative emerging role of miRNAs in modulating drug resistance to EGFR-TKI treatment in EGfr-mutated NSCLC, and discusses the current implications of mi RNAs analyses in the clinical setting, using both tissue and liquid biopsies, as well as the future potential use of miRNA-based therapies in overcoming resistance to targeted agents like TKIs.

TL;DR: The aim of this review is to discuss the key molecular mechanisms of cellular reprogramming that induce and maintain MDR, beyond the presence of MDR efflux transporters and suggest that mapping the specific adaptation pathways underlying cell survival in response to stress and targeting these pathways with potent pharmacologic agents may be a new approach to enhance therapeutic efficacy against MDR tumors.

TL;DR: An exhaustive analysis of the mechanisms that might account for therapy resistance against EGFR inhibition is performed and rational strategies which include the use of multi- target therapies that hit truncation mutations or multi-target therapies to co-inhibit compensatory proteins are suggested.

TL;DR: This review examines the strategies used in the development of new therapeutic strategies against amebiasis, including improving the potency of existing amebicides, discovering new uses for approved drugs, drug rediscovery, vaccination, drug targeting of essential E. histolytica components, and the use of probiotics and bioactive natural products.

TL;DR: The poorly understood role of KiSS1 in response to chemotherapeutic agents appears to be linked to stimulation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway and inhibition of cell defense factors as well as autophagy modulation.

TL;DR: The potency and relevance of this model system, S. cerevisiae, in investigating fungal susceptibility to azole drugs and how it can be used to improve knowledge on azole drug resistance and enables fast and efficient screening for novel drug targets in combinatorial therapy are analyzed.

TL;DR: This review provides an overview of nitrofurantoin antibacterial, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties and shows that a clear rationale of current dosing regimens is scanty.

TL;DR: An overview of the cellular pathways and tumor-specific aberrations that have been targeted in preclinical DMG research are provided, and the advantages and limitations of these therapeutic strategies in relation to therapy resistance and BBB-penetration are discussed.