Showing papers in "Experimental Eye Research in 2019"

TL;DR: Dual inhibitors which block the RAAS and other systems involved in the regulation of blood pressure or targeting upstream of angiotensin II by selectively deleting liver-derived angiotENSinogen, the precursor to allAngiotensins, may provide superior treatment for cardiovascular and renal diseases and revolutionize RAAS-targeting therapy.

TL;DR: It is shown that ferroptotic cell death, a mode of regulated necrosis mediated by iron and lipid peroxidation, is implicated in oxidative stress‐induced RPE cell death in vitro.

TL;DR: Overall, this data set provides rich expression profiles of the major human retinal cell types and highlights transcriptomic features that distinguish foveal and peripheral cells.

TL;DR: Treatment with this hydrogel containing latanoprost and curcumin‐loaded nanoparticles effectively decreased the oxidative stress‐mediated damage in TM cells via decreasing inflammation‐related gene expression, mitochondrial reactive oxygen stress (ROS) production and apoptosis level.

TL;DR: Pre‐clinical trials of optogenetic approaches in animal models suggest that the technique may restore vision in previously blind animals, with the threshold for activation being within 1‐2 log units of the thresholds for cone activation.

TL;DR: An updated overview of genetic findings in non-syndromic myopia is provided to provide a better understanding of the genetic basis triggering and controlling myopic changes.

TL;DR: The contribution of lipids to AMD pathobiology is discussed and how miRNAs might affect lipid metabolism during lesion development is introduced to help to define the role oflipids in AMD, and open new treatment avenues for this enigmatic disease.

TL;DR: It is proposed that distinct glaucomatous risk factors result in similar retinal and optic nerve injury cascades, including oxidative and metabolic stress, glial reactivity, and altered inflammatory responses, which induce common molecular signals to induce RGC apoptosis.

TL;DR: A simple, rapid method is described to establish cultures from ARPE-19 cells, with significantly improved epithelial cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization, and RPE-related functions, indicating the importance of metabolism in RPE cell differentiation.

TL;DR: Functional studies both in cell culture and animal models have confirmed the effects of variants and differential gene expression on ocular physiology while in silico analyses have increased the understanding of disease risk and progression so that the authors might better diagnose and treat this complex genetic illness.

TL;DR: This review uniquely integrates the clinical and cellular aspects of both corneal trauma and disease and provides a comprehensive view of the most recent findings and potential therapeutics aimed at restoring cornea homeostasis.

TL;DR: It is indicated that IL‐6 trans‐signaling is an important mediator of inflammation, apoptosis and barrier disruptive effects in the retinal endothelial cells and inhibition of the IL‐ 6 trans‐ signaling pathway using sgp130‐Fc attenuates vascular inflammation and endothelial barrier disruption.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that treatment with resveratrol alleviated retinal inflammatory activities to evaluate its protective effects on streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats and high‐glucose‐induced rat retinal endothelial cells (RRECs), and it was suggested that PON1 may regulate inflammatory responses and microvascular complications in DR.

TL;DR: This review examines the experiments performed in monochromatic light and highlights the potential differences in protocols affecting the results, including experiment duration, circadian rhythm stimulation, light intensity, bandwidth, humoral factors and temporal sensitivity.

TL;DR: Investigating the role of Prolactin‐Induced Protein as a predictive biomarker for Keratoconus revealed that PIP levels can potentially differentiate between disease and healthy cases, and PIP Levels are stable in relation to KC severity, sex and age.

TL;DR: Research regarding glycation‐induced ocular tissue dysfunction and its contribution to the onset and development of eye disorders are summarized and management of carbohydrate nutrition may provide a low‐cost way to ameliorate the progression of AGEs‐related diseases, including age related macular degeneration and some cataracts.

TL;DR: fixation instability and vergence instability during binocular viewing suggests that discordant binocular visual experience during childhood, especially strabismus, interferes with ocular motor development and limit potential for recovery of binocular vision in these children.

TL;DR: PRP-Exos mediate hyperglycemia-induced retinal endothelial injury by upregulating the TLR4 signaling pathway and played a pivotal role in regulating inflammation.

TL;DR: The evidence for the role of MAC in the pathophysiology of dry as well as wet AMD and the scientific rationale underlying the use of AAV- delivered CD59 for the treatment of dry and wet AMD is discussed.

TL;DR: A new protocol that combines a highly effective melanin bleaching step with solvent‐based clearing, termed EyeCi, that enables immunolabeling and clearing of pigmented mouse eyes and is potentially suitable for the investigation of vascular leakage or neovascularization processes.

TL;DR: The current knowledge on the role of MMPs in the pathogenesis of keratoconus is summarized, with extensive evidence that M MPs are upregulated in the corneal tissue and tears of KC patients, implicating dysregulated proteolysis in KC, with an increase in the level of some MMPS, particularly MMP‐1 and MMP-9, confirmed in multiple independent studies.

TL;DR: The ability to use noninvasive retinal imaging in tree shrews supports development of this species as a model of cone disorders and demonstrates that these megamitochondria create an additional hyper-reflective outer retinal reflective band in OCT images.

TL;DR: The present proteomic datasets represent the first mouse lens epithelium and fiber cell proteomes, establish comparative analyses of protein and RNA‐Seq data, and characterize the major proteome remodeling required to form the mature lens fiber cells.

TL;DR: This study complements the existing data on healthy tears proteome and extensive studies for deeply and definitively characterise this promising fluid are required in the near future in order to be able to routinely use this fluid in clinics.

TL;DR: Investigation of MYOC mutations demonstrated that abnormal retention of intracellular MYOC and stimulation of endoplasmic reticular (ER) stress may be important steps in the development of Myocilin-associated glaucoma.

TL;DR: The results suggest that retinal changes in retinal structure caused by aging may be different in woman than in men, probably reflecting the more hormonal variations known to exist with age in women.

TL;DR: Pre-clinical and clinical evidence that modulation of the RAAS alters the development of vasculopathy and inflammation in the aforementioned retinopathies, as well as the emerging role of aldosterone and the mineralocorticoid receptor in central serous chorioretinopathy are discussed.

TL;DR: This study shows the significant differences in the extent of vascularization, inflammation, epithelial thickness and goblet cell formation in mice and rabbit models of LSCD when compared to post-chemical burn L SCD in human corneas.

TL;DR: Concerns regarding its absorption enhancing capacity and mechanism, retention at the ocular surfaces and, irritation and toxicity profiles, and considerations and utility of cyclodextrin systems in fabricating newer formulations such as contact lens, inserts, and implants have been discussed in the review.

TL;DR: The results show that ocular response to optical defocus varies significantly depending on the time of day in human subjects, which represents a potential interaction between the signal associated with the eye's natural diurnal rhythm and the visual signal associatedwith the opticaldefocus.