Showing papers in "Experimental Gerontology in 1992"

TL;DR: This paper showed that selection for increased resistance to starvation and desiccation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to increased longevity, indicating that alleles that increase stress resistance also may increase longevity.

TL;DR: The data suggest that cellular systems for calcium homeostasis are integral to both the adaptive and aberrant neuroarchitectural changes that occur throughout the lifespan of the nervous system.

TL;DR: The hypothesis is that one such host factor is a deficiency in GSH, based on the importance of this compound in the detoxification of a wide variety of exogenous and endogenous carcinogens and free radicals, as well as in the maintenance of immune function.

TL;DR: It is concluded that intestinal permeability of medium size probes increases with aging and that lifelong caloric restriction does not prevent this change, and it is speculated that age-associated deterioration in intestinal barrier functions could permit increased systemic absorption of lumenal antigens and could perhaps contribute to the genesis of antigen-related age- associated diseases.

TL;DR: Caloric restriction without malnutrition in mice and rats reduces the incidence of spontaneous tumors and delays their appearance while increasing maximum life span, and recent findings suggest a positive association for certain cancers.

TL;DR: A new approach was used to detect the role of oxidative stress on saliva, including the detection of the total reducing capacity of the saliva without determination of the exact concentration of a specific reducing compound present in the saliva.

TL;DR: This study confirms the prediction that, in the absence of steroids, IDH4 cells express a variety of morphological and biochemical markers characteristic of normal senescent human fibroblasts.

TL;DR: The effect of CR on tumor pathology suggests that the same mechanisms responsible for inhibiting reproduction may be responsible for delaying the aging-related increase in incidence of diseases.

TL;DR: Three adaptations are discussed: maintenance or increase of transmitter release despite reduced supply of synaptic vesicles; functional reactive sprouting after partial denervation despite reduced axonal transport; and maintenance of nerve terminal integrity in the face of increased outgrowth and retraction.

TL;DR: Results support a possible antineoplastic and antiaging role of DNA modifications that increase with age in untreated animals and reduction of I-compounds appears to represent a novel biomarker for the action of nonmutagenic carcinogens.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the long-term memory processes are affected during the aging of these animals, including young, middle-aged, and senescent animals.

TL;DR: A consideration of the range of animal models available and a more careful matching of the goals of a study with the genetic system of the model will prove fruitful to gerontology.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the v-sis-transformed NIH/3T3 fibroblasts exhibit tyrosine-phosphorylation of both intracellular and cell surface forms of the alpha and beta platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptors (PDGFRs) and a functional autocrine loop involving PDGF in human tumor cell lines is demonstrated.

TL;DR: Erythrocyte volume was the only blood parameter examined that revealed statistically significant correlations with memory performance, and it was confirmed that old subjects have larger and less dense cells.

TL;DR: Although underfeeding did not prevent the age-related fall in muscularis externa and serosal protein synthesis, significantly higher rates were found when compared age for age with controls, and mucosal fractional synthetic rates were similarly increased by the reduced food intake.

TL;DR: Postmortem examination of brain sections showed that NTS injection sites were equally distributed in both age groups, thereby indicating that the brain areas affected by 5-HT were identical regardless of age.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the mechanisms of tumor enhancement and highlighted those that are age-sensitive, and found that age-associated immune change (immune senescence) is most important in explaining reduced tumor growth.

TL;DR: The interaction between age and exercise on myocardial β-adrenergic receptor number and agonist affinity in 4- and 24-month-old F344 rats was characterized to test the hypothesis that the effects of training should be blunted in older rats.

TL;DR: A comparison of the pathways' properties provides a means of distinguishing the effect of age from other variables in the same animal, and an interplay between genetic and epigenetic factors is suggested to help explain the differential aging in the two pathways.

TL;DR: Some of the thoughts and the conceptual framework from which Nathan W. Shock prepared his last major presentation are described, and the scientific principles concerning aging research laid out in this publication are still valid today and may provide valuable insights for researchers in the field.

TL;DR: The data suggest that dietary restriction could play an important role in decreasing the age-associated decline in function of physiological systems sensitive to decreased or defective DNA synthesis.