Showing papers in "Fish & Shellfish Immunology in 2001"

TL;DR: The results indicate that chitin increases the activity of the seabream innate immune system, and its use as an immunostimulant is discussed, especially with regards to the protective role.

TL;DR: The present results point to the importance of minimising intense short-term crowding stress in order to reduce possible states of immunodepression in farmed fish.

TL;DR: The immunostimulant beta-1,3 glucan was fed at 0.1% in feed for 7 days to healthy and aflatoxin B1-induced immunocompromised fish, and feeding of glucan to healthy fish raised the non-specific and specific immunity level and protection against bacterial infection compared with the control.

TL;DR: expression studies show that sea bass IL-1beta can be upregulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide both in vitro and in vivo in leucocytes from blood, head-kidney, spleen, gills and liver, whereas the IL- 1beta transcript was not detectable in thymus and gut-associated lymphoid tissue.

TL;DR: Macrophages isolated from fish suffering from a non-lethal Ichthyobodo necator infection displayed a highly increased ability to produce lysozyme in response to both beta-glucan and LPS, as in higher vertebrates.

TL;DR: Results suggest that fish fed the vitamin E-deficient diet had lower stress resistance, and alterations in haematological parameters, such as an additional haemoconcentration in response to overcrowding when compared with control fish.

TL;DR: The giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii was investigated for its total haemocyte count (THC) based on season, sex, size and feeding rate, and when the prawns were subjected to injections of foreign materials was investigated.

TL;DR: Several humoral immune factors were studied in a group of cultured halibut and iron binding capacity of the sera was high and individual variation was considerable in all the factors tested.

TL;DR: It is reported that CpG ODNs induce IL-1beta expression and production of interferon-like cytokines in rainbow trout head-kidney macrophages, whereas ODNs with an inverted motif (GpC) have a much less stimulatory effect.

TL;DR: Investigation of the effect of short-term exposure to dissolved heavy metals on the number of circulating haemocytes in the shrimp, Palaemon elegans, found that immersion in artificial seawater containing Hg, Cd, Cu, Cr, Zn or Pb caused a decrease in the haemocyte count during the first 8 h exposure, although theHaemocyte number returned to the initial levels over the following 16 h immersion.

TL;DR: Tests to detect IgM-like molecules in gut mucus were negative, indicating the IgM is present, at best, in very small amounts, and the degradation of serum IgM in mucosal secretions was examined.

TL;DR: A 3199-bp cDNA encoding a transglutaminase (TGase)-catalysed crosslinking reaction between the soluble clotting protein molecules from the plasma was isolated from a crayfish haemocyte cDNA library as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: The present results demonstrate that altered dietary levels of vitamin E modulates the phagocytic functions of gut leucocytes in rainbow trout and confirms the crucial role of gut phagocytes in mucosal non-lymphoid defences in fish.

TL;DR: This study strongly supports the importance of the route of immunisation to locally stimulate ASC and the importance that the gills might have in specific responses.

TL;DR: No specific antibody response was detected but increased activity of non-specific anti-TNP antibodies was observed 10-12 weeks after immunisation, irrespective of the antigen used.

TL;DR: An mRNA differential display methodology was used to study the rainbow trout response to viral infection and determined the complete vig-2 genomic sequence was determined from a lambda phage clone retrieved from a genomic DNA library of rainbow trout.

TL;DR: Analysis of haemocytes after propidium iodide staining indicated that the majority of oysterHaemocytes are alive after sampling, and haemocyte characterised by high granularity showed a strong fluorescence intensity related to high mitochondrial activity.

TL;DR: The results suggest that EcoActiva is able to stimulate non-specific immunity in snapper through increased respiratory burst activity of macrophages, an important component of the host defence network.

TL;DR: In this paper, the results of single-pass sequencing of ESTs from 198 clones (AU090255, AU090451, AU090935) from kidney cDNA are presented.

TL;DR: The present work provides the first information concerning the chemoattractant activity of trout recombinant IL-1beta and its derived peptides, referred to as P1, P2 and P3, as well as the predicted rainbow trout mature interleukin-1 beta peptide, produced as a recombinant protein in Escherichia coli.

TL;DR: One week after challenge with A. hydrophila, there was a significant increase in the values of white blood cells, total protein and total immunoglobulin compared to the values before the challenge, suggesting the absence of immunosuppressive effects at lower level of exposure.

TL;DR: Challenge with a lethal dose of virus at two different time points revealed that a highly protective and lasting immunity was established shortly after vaccination, in accordance with earlier experiments with larger fish.

TL;DR: The NRR assay was demonstrated to have great potential as a tool with which to make rapid initial assessments of the immune status of bivalve molluscs.

TL;DR: The results demonstrate that the tissue culture-adapted isolate of SPDV could be successfully used to protect against challenge by the wild-type virus and could therefore have potential use as an inactivated vaccine against PD.

TL;DR: The present in vitro findings suggest that the protective mechanisms of antibody against V. anguillarum serogroup O2a may not involve the opsonising effect of antibodies for enhanced killing by macrophages, however, the possibility exists that such antibodies may prevent the attachment of the pathogen to the host's tissues.

TL;DR: Tuna a-rabbit IgG Ig was reactive with all non-reduced mammalian IgG antigens tested, suggesting that common conformational antigenic determinants were recognised.

TL;DR: The results suggest that rainbow trout macrophages produce a TNFalpha-like factor that is similar to the mammalian TNF alpha in functions.

TL;DR: Challenge experiments demonstrated that BGL could confer effective immune protection to naive blue gourami against an Aeromonas infection.

TL;DR: Using mab 45, the dynamics of monocytes in blood, spleen and peritoneal cavity could be demonstrated after intraperitoneal injection of trout with inactivated A. salmonicida particles.