Showing papers in "Fish & Shellfish Immunology in 2003"

TL;DR: The results show that rainbow trout immune parameters were enhanced by using probiotic bacteria.

TL;DR: The problem of disease and its control in crustacean farming is considered, describing the types of capability in cultured species and the case for rigorous testing of putative stimulants is made, as well as for the need to consider alternative strategies and approaches to disease control.

TL;DR: The effectiveness of dietary β-1,3-glucan (BG), derived from Schizophyllum commune, in modulating the non-specific immunity of the grass prawn Penaeus monodon and its resistance to white spot syndrome virus were investigated.

TL;DR: The results show that immune cells and functions differed extensively in these three closely related species, with M. edulis showing a much higher level of immunological vigour that may be linked to its considerable resilience to adverse environmental conditions.

TL;DR: A flow cytometric method to measure the production of oxidative metabolism products was adapted for use with Crassostrea gigas hemocytes and used to evaluate the DCFH oxidation-inhibiting capacity of four strains of vibrio bacteria, known or suspected to be pathogenic for bivalves.

TL;DR: Routine incorporation of beta-glucan preparations like EcoActivaduring winter may enhance macrophage function and growth rates at a time of increased disease susceptibility and little or no growth.

TL;DR: Rainbow trout of different sizes were injected intramuscularly or intraperitoneally with different doses of a viral haemorrhagic septicaemia-DNA vaccine and cohorts of these fish showed effective protection at all timepoints.

TL;DR: In stressed carp, the percentage of apoptotic lymphocytes in blood is significantly higher compared with the unstressed animals, and B-lymphocytes as well as Ig- lymphoid cells contributed to this increased apoptosis.

TL;DR: Ten of thirteen haemolymph parameters changed significantly during the host-TSV interaction in TSV-infected shrimp, which might be valuable references of shrimp health status.

TL;DR: It is suggested that plasma lysozyme induced by LPS and β-glucan originate from macrophages in the different organs, and this work supports the notion that microbial compounds containing phylogenetically conserved structures are able to stimulate the non-specific defence of animals against infection by enhancing the ly sozyme expression.

TL;DR: The current study represents the first example of cytokine expression in fish induced by an ectoparasitic infection and indicates the importance of localised mucosal immune reactions in responses of fish towards gyrodactylids.

TL;DR: Analysis of the amino acid sequence of the shrimp lysozyme showed that it belongs to the C-type family of lysozymes, which will be useful in future studies on the molecular mechanisms of immunity in marine invertebrates.

TL;DR: The results suggest that vitamins C and E are involved in the hypothalamic-sympathetic-chromaffin cell axis and also interfere in tertiary stress responses such as immunodepression, where they protect the leucocyte functions.

TL;DR: In this article, the apolipoproteins A-I and A-II were detected in the epidermis and epidermal mucus of the carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis.

TL;DR: Functional characterisation of the blood cells identified activity for the lysosomal enzymes: acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase, non-specific esterase and arylsulphatase; and Phagocytosis of Gram-positive bacteria was demonstrated by the haemocytes and antibacterial activity was shown by cell-free haemolymph.

TL;DR: The Japanese flounder IgD gene was mainly detected in peripheral blood leucocytes and small amounts were detected in the spleen, head and trunk kidney, although IgM mRNA was detected in similar amounts in PBLs, the head kidney and spleen.

TL;DR: In this article, a fish IRF, termed CaIRF7, cloned from a subtractive cDNA library which is constructed with mRNAs obtained from crucian carp (Carassius auratus L.) blastulae embryonic (CAB) cells infected by UV-inactivated GCHV and mock-infected cells.

TL;DR: Rabbit antisera recognising the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) MHC class II beta chain polypeptide were produced and used in immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry and immunogold electron microscopy, indicating expression in lymphocytes, macrophages, epithelial cells and endritic-like cells.

TL;DR: Gilthead seabream head-kidney leucocytes were able to phagocytose chitin particles smaller than 10 microM, and the main cellular innate immune activities were enhanced as a consequence of prior incubation with chit in particles.

TL;DR: The antibacterial effect of nisin against the fish pathogenic bacteria Carnobacterium piscicola (CECT 4020) was also demonstrated in vitro and in vivo and slightly but non-significant stimulation of the CL response was observed with the lowest nisin concentration.

TL;DR: The infection of sea bass by intraperitoneal injection of the agent of fish pasteurellosis Photobacterium damselae subsp.

TL;DR: Observations demonstrate that in jawed fish, the lowest phylogenetic group possessing an MHC system, the classical MHC class I molecules are expressed in similar cell types as in higher vertebrates.

TL;DR: Phenoloxidase activity was studied in larval and juvenile homogenates and in the plasma and haemocytes of adult Crassostrea gigas, Argopecten ventricosus, Nodipecten subnodosUS, and Atrina maura.

TL;DR: DHA is the only member in the (n-3) highly unsaturated fatty acid family that stimulated phagocytic functions of leucocytes and T-cell proliferation, and is more optimal than EPA affecting the cellular defence responses of the E. malabaricus juveniles.

TL;DR: Increased antioxidant enzymatic activities were observed in carp parasitised by Ptychobothrium sp.

TL;DR: The immune response in mucus was faster and shorter in duration than in serum, and protection and antibody levels in serum were clearly correlated, and immunised eels with basal levels of serum antibodies and maximal levels of local antibodies were partially protected.

TL;DR: Recombinant CK-1 is able to attract rainbow trout peripheral blood leucocytes (PBL) in a micro-chemotaxis chamber and shows the greatest amino acid similarity CCL20/LARC/Mip-3alpha as well as similar gene structure and expression pattern.

TL;DR: The results showed that heat-inactivated Nodavirus protect fish and the N-ter peptide is a potential protective peptide, and showed that although vaccinating fish with peptides is possible, the tools and strategies of the research still need to be adapted to fish.