Showing papers in "Fungal Biology in 1994"

TL;DR: The results indicate that Gliocladium is polyphyletic and that G. penicillioides, G. roseum, and Trichoderma virens, are generically distinct.

TL;DR: Results demonstrate that the PCR-RFLP analysis of rONA spacers provides an efficient alternative for typing pure fungal cultures and fruit bodies for the food industry and a versatile tool for strain fingerprinting of ectomycorrhizas in ecosystems.

TL;DR: This review describes the life-cycles and physiology of anaerobic fungi, details their interactions with other rumen micro-organisms and assesses their contribution to the digestion of plant material in herbivores.

TL;DR: DNA from 124 strains of Heterobasidion annosum was amplified using the core sequence of the M13 minisatellite region as primer to compare genetic diversity within and between populations and showed large divergence between two intersterility groups.

TL;DR: Results support the convergent evolution of long-necked perithecia, scattered evanescent asci and galeate ascospores in non-fissitunicate perithecial ascomycetes.

TL;DR: Parsimony and neighbour joining analysis of complete sequence data of the internal transcribed spacer regions and the 5.8 s gene of 19 unique sequences from 31 fungal isolates supports Metarhizium as a monophyletic group.

TL;DR: The ergosterol and ergosta-7,22-dien-3-ol content proved to be especially valuable for grouping of these fungi and enabled even the differentiation of two sibling species of Heterobasidion annosum (type S and P).

TL;DR: Infection of maize leaves and ears by the corn smut fungus, Ustilago maydis, was characterized microscopically and high-pressure cryofixation, followed by freeze-substitution, was used to preserve sporogenous hyphae.

TL;DR: An overview is presented of some of the morphological, biological and molecular aspects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi that may contribute to defining and understanding biodiversity in this group of symbiotic microorganisms.

TL;DR: A strong relationship was found between the production of the pyrone by T. harzianum and the antagonistic ability of this fungus in vitro and the germination of Fusarium spores.

TL;DR: The role of rain in the upward dispersal of Fusarium inoculum from the stem bases of infected plants or infected stubble to ears of winter wheat is discussed in relation to the epidemiology of FUSarium diseases of cereals.

TL;DR: Nucleotide sequence of the rDNA internally transcribed spacer (ITS) 1 of twelve isolates of Colletotrichum, originally identified as either C. gloeosporioides or C. musae, was determined and it is concluded that the isolates belong to C. acutatum.

TL;DR: Using the RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) procedure with arbitrary 10 oligonucleotide primers, the isolate T-39, which is used commercially as a biocontrol agent against Botrytis cinerea was distinguishable by this procedure.

TL;DR: The analysis revealed a high degree of polymorphism within B. brongniartii species and allows separation of the strains into seven distinct groups, which are supported by their biological origin, since they are the only strains virulent against H. marginalis.

TL;DR: This work examines the evidence for these enzyme activities in the context of the structure of plant cell walls and what is known regarding their enzymic breakdown by other fungal groups.

TL;DR: Conidia were more tolerant to temperature extremes than suggested from previous work with > 80% germination recorded from dried conidia exposed to 60 °C for 90 min and 59% and 20% surviving 8 and 42 d, respectively, at 55°.

TL;DR: Nine Penicillium species were separated into nine species based on biosynthetic families of secondary metabolites and from several less conspicuous morphological and physiological differences, which produced characteristic combinations of the following mycotoxins.

TL;DR: Field observations indicate that Basidiophora montana has potential as a classical biological control agent of the weed in Old World subtropical or montane climates, whilst Mycosphaerella mikania-micranthae and the microcyclic rust Puccinia spegazzinii appear to be equally damaging to the host but to have a wider climatic range and thus are highly promising agents for introduction throughout the Palaeotropics.

TL;DR: The study identified 12 new previously undocumented hosts for Fusarium species, which were pathogenic to seedlings of the winter wheat cv.

TL;DR: The pyrone antibiotic may have an important role in the reduction of rhizoctonia root rot of wheat by the effective strains and that the ability to produce the antibiotic may vary among asexually produced progenies.

TL;DR: An outbreak of poplar rust on ‘resistant cultivars’ in Northland in March 1991 was investigated and a new interspecific hybrid rust identified, named Melampsora medusae-populina sp.

TL;DR: Chanterelles have the longest and most variable ITS region yet described for fungi, which was longer in the Cantharellaceae than in the other fungi tested, and highly variable in length.

TL;DR: Twenty isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae from Australia, Brazil, Finland and the Philippines were characterized using RAPD-PCR (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA-Polymerase Chain Reaction).

TL;DR: Three new species of Mycosphaerella are described from diseased leaves of Eucalyptus growing in a species trial in south-eastern Australia, distinguished mainly by their ascospore morphology and germination.

TL;DR: The polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify ribosomal internal transcribed spacer and 5·8S DNA from isolates of Gaeumannomyces graminis, Phialophora graminicola and other root-infecting fungi, isolated mostly from cereals and grasses to find polymorphisms useful in identification.

TL;DR: In differentiating tissues, notably spore-producing regions, complex structures often develop in the septal pores which are believed to partly occlude the pore, acting as subcellular sieves to permit selective passage of ions, molecules and small cytoplasmic components, whilst regulating or preventing the migration of large organelles.

TL;DR: This work has used a PCR technique, based upon the random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) using 10-mer oligonucleotide primers to investigate variability between 23 isolates of Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides from the U.K. and a range of other locations.

TL;DR: The spatial distribution of the genets of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria bicolor was studied by somatic incompatibility, two years after removal of the litter and humus layers in a 17-years-old Scots pine stand in The Netherlands, indicating that mycelia are perennial and are of importance for mycelial spread.

TL;DR: It was found that the length of time the zoospores were allowed to swim influenced the number of zoospore generations which could be produced, and it is now possible in this species to study in detail the two alternative developmental pathways which follow after encystment: either repeated Zoospore emergence or germ tube formation.

TL;DR: Two new taxa should be described based on distinct profiles of chromophore families of secondary metabolites showing some taxa were shown to have a marginal position among the terverticillate penicillia, indicating natural series.