Showing papers in "Journal of Biomechanics in 2016"

TL;DR: In this review, a selection of the most recent lithographic and non-lithographic low-cost techniques to fabricate microfluidic structures, focused on the features and limitations of each technique.

TL;DR: This paper aims to review, compare and critically evaluate the existing literature on in vivo measurements and computational model studies of lumbar spinal loads to lay the foundation for future biomechanical studies.

TL;DR: On weighing the pros and cons of the methods, a combination of the immersed boundary (IB) method and some forms of smoothed dissipative particle hydrodynamics (SDPD) methods may be required to deal effectively with RBC simulations.

TL;DR: This review of spine biomechanics is intended to celebrate the substantial gains that have been made in the field over these past 25 years and also to identify future research directions.

TL;DR: It is shown that uncertainty in minimum lumen diameter (MLD) has the largest impact on hemodynamic simulations, followed by boundary resistance, viscosity and lesion length, and the method presented here can be used to output interval estimates of hemodynamic indices and visualize patient-specific maps of sensitivities.

TL;DR: A significant interplay between particle size, electrostatic charge, and flowrate is reported and the results suggest that in silico models should be customized for specific applications, ensuring all relevant physical effects are accounted for in a self-consistent fashion.

TL;DR: The purpose of this study was to determine the likelihood that analyzing smooth 1D data with a 0D model of variance will produce false positives, and used random field theory (RFT) to predict the probability of false positives in 0D analyses.

TL;DR: Overall, the presented methodology could adjust the parameters of a scaled model and enabled the estimation of muscle parameters in newly created subject specific models.

TL;DR: This study showed the possibility of performing a 3D kinematic analysis of the running technique, in the sport specific setting, by using inertial magnetic measurement units and this technique allows for more in-depth study of running mechanics outside the laboratory setting.

TL;DR: The FBLS model, comprised of 21 segments, 30 degrees-of-freedom, and 324 musculotendon actuators, was developed and validated, and trunk muscle geometry, maximal isometric joint moments, and simulated muscle activations compare well to experimental data.

TL;DR: The significant influence of the number of cameras and the measurement location suggests that instrumental errors should be evaluated in a laboratory- and task-specific manner.

TL;DR: Differences in joint kinematics up to 13° were found between the Plug-in-Gait and the gait 2392 OpenSim model, and the majority of these differences were attributed to differences in the anatomical models, which included different anatomical segment frames and joint constraints.

TL;DR: The LMC is capable of providing data that are clinically meaningful for wrist flexion/extension, and perhaps wrist deviation, but it cannot yet return clinically meaningful data for measuring forearm pronation/supination.

TL;DR: The results underpin the importance of the Purkinje network in realistic human heart simulations, and the potential to support the design of personalized strategies for single- or bi-ventricular pacing, radiofrequency ablation, and cardiac defibrillation with the common goal to restore a normal heart rhythm.

TL;DR: Restoring or augmenting ankle push-off work is not sufficient to improve energy economy for lower-limb amputees, but no participant had lower metabolic rate with higher levels of push- off work.

TL;DR: The rupture data based on the combination of triaxial shear and uniaxial extension testing are unique and build a good basis for developing a 3D failure criterion of diseased human thoracic aortic media.

TL;DR: The challenges that remain for effectively using data science approaches in clinical gait analysis and gait biomechanics research are discussed, including the need for new tools, better infrastructure and incentives for sharing data, and education across the disciplines of biomechanic and data science.

TL;DR: The findings of this study suggest that generic and scaled-generic musculotendon parameters may not provide sufficient accuracy in prediction of shoulder muscle and joint loading when compared to models that employ subject-specific parameter-estimation approaches.

TL;DR: The authors' analyses suggest a relation between the alteration of the stresses in the native anatomical components and prosthetic implant with the presence and distribution of relevant calcifications and this alteration is dependent on the patient-specific features of the calcific aortic stenosis and may be a relevant indicator of suboptimal TAVI results.

TL;DR: Results reveal that gait ground reaction force components in low back pain patients with pronated foot may have clinical values on the prognosis and rehabilitation of mechanical LBP patients.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that a linear combination of PPs and PAs determines the center of pressure (COP) variance in upright standing and a data-driven definition of variables that simultaneously quantify the state of the postural system (PPs and PVs) and the activity of the neuro-muscular controller (PAs).

TL;DR: A computational finite element model able to predict device-specific and patient-specific replacement procedure outcomes, which may help medical operators to plan and choose the optimal implantation strategy, is developed.

TL;DR: Walking slower, with shorter step length, and with wider step widths increases MoS for PwMS but may be a poor adaptive gait strategy since falls still occur, as well as the relationship between MoS and the Expanded Disability Severity Score (EDSS), fall history, and self-report balance confidence questionnaire.

TL;DR: The presented musculoskeletal model provides a tool for investigating thoracic spine loading and load sharing between vertebral column and ribcage during dynamic activities and correlated well with reported intradiscal pressure measurements, providing a first validation of the model.

TL;DR: This investigation investigated the performance of a full-body ambulatory IMC system in estimating 3D L5/S1 moments and GRFs during symmetric, asymmetric and fast trunk bending, and found close correspondence was found between the ambulatoryIMC-based and laboratory-based estimates of back load.

TL;DR: It is suggested that RCME and RMPE can be used to improve the assessment of fall risk in older people and higher complexity was found in the vertical and mediolateral directions in the non-fallers for both entropy metrics.

TL;DR: Characteristic patterns of movement at the LLS, ULS and UTS joints in the sagittal plane only indicated a more rigid spine in the patient group and suggested that CLBP rehabilitation could potentially be enhanced by targeting movement deficits in functional activities.

TL;DR: The results showed the promise of a lumped-parameter, EMG-driven musculoskeletal model for hand/wrist kinematic estimation, and might be useful for EMG control of powered upper limb prostheses, but more work is needed to demonstrate its online performance.

TL;DR: The preliminary results reinforce previous reports that concussions persistently affect dual-task processes even when single-tasks may be unaffected and indicate the concussed group attenuated local disturbances less than their healthy teammates.