Showing papers in "Journal of Nuclear Materials in 2003"

TL;DR: In this paper, the basic ideas pertinent to modelling helium accumulation in metals are reviewed and possible effects of bubble formation on mechanical properties are briefly addressed: hardening and embrittlement, particularly at high temperature where intergranular fracture is induced by the transformation of bubbles to voids at grain boundaries.

TL;DR: Some of the remaining crucial plasma edge physics and plasma-material interaction issues of the ITER tokamak are discussed in this paper, using either modelling or projections of experimental results from existing TOKAMAK operation or relevant laboratory simulations.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors have calculated ab initio lattice parameters, formation energies, bulk moduli and magnetic moments of Fe-Cr alloys, and the results agree well with available experimental data.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of hydrogen isotope retention and migration in tungsten (W) is presented, where a large scatter of the deuterium (D) retention database is used to clarify the mechanism of hydrogen inventory in W. Several points are reviewed: (i) inventory in pure W, (ii) inventory of W pre-implanted by carbon ions, and (iii) inventory inventory in Tungsten oxide.

TL;DR: In this article, small angle neutron scattering (SANS) under magnetic field after neutron irradiation (0.7-2.9 dpa between 250 and 400 °C) was shown to contribute significantly to the irradiation-induced hardening of 9-12 wt% Cr content steels.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the experimental observations and theoretical understanding of the fracture behavior of tungsten in the brittle and semi-brittle regime and showed that dislocation nucleation is the limiting factor at low temperatures, while the dependence on loading rate at intermediate temperatures requires that dislocations mobility takes control.

TL;DR: In this article, a multiscale modeling approach based on atomistic simulations was applied to investigate the growth and shrinkage mechanisms of helium-vacancy (He-V) clusters in Fe.

TL;DR: In this article, the microstructure of stainless steel is characterized by a very high density of small Frank loops present in sizes as small as 1 nm and perhaps lower, which could be of both vacancy and interstitial-type.

TL;DR: In this paper, the microstructure of the diffusion zone has been analyzed by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the interdiffusion of the diffusing species across the interface has been evaluated by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA).

TL;DR: In this article, an overview of the geochemical alteration of basaltic glass, considered for over 20 years as a suitable natural analogue for nuclear borosilicate glasses, is provided.

TL;DR: In this paper, 2D and 3D computational modeling studies of the interaction between dislocations and grain boundaries (GB) in FCC metals are presented and discussed, and the results of large-scale 3D molecular dynamic simulations are also described.

TL;DR: In this article, a cold worked 316SS baffle bolt was extracted from the Tihange pressurized water reactor and sectioned at three different positions, and microstructural characterization revealed that small faulted dislocation loops and cavities were visible at each position.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the application of a model developed recently to study the motion of an initially straight edge dislocation through a row of either voids or coherent copper precipitates in α-iron.

TL;DR: In this paper, the Raman spectra of stoichiometric and hyperstoichiometric UO 2 were measured on nuclear-grade UO2 pellets treated under oxidising conditions to obtain different levels of hyperstochychometry.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that ELM energy losses decrease with increasing pedestal plasma collisionality and τ Front ∥, where τ ∥ Front = 2π Rq 95 / c s,ped ) is the typical ion transport time from the pedestal to the divertor target.

TL;DR: In this paper, various dissimilar joining processes available for producing titanium-304L stainless steel joints with adequate strength, ductility and corrosion resistance for this critical application are highlighted, and the possible methods and the microstructural-metallurgical properties of the joints along with corrosion results obtained with three phase (liquid, vapour, condensate) corrosion testing are discussed.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors applied molecular dynamics computer simulation for an extensive study of primary damage creation in displacement cascades in copper and α-iron, and analyzed the fraction of self-interstitial atoms (SIAs) and vacancies that agglomerate in clusters in the cascade process.

TL;DR: In this paper, the wall fluxes are calculated for a given burning plasma with the computer code B2-EIRENE, and with the known sputtering yields the erosion rates for vessel walls made out of Be, C, Fe, Mo or W, are calculated.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the incident ion energy dependence of helium bubble formation and showed that the threshold energy around 15 eV could associate with the surface potential for He ions entering to the W surface.

TL;DR: In this article, the corrosion test and oxide characterization were performed on the specimens having different Nb-content in the range of 0-5 wt% where Nb was soluble in the matrix without the formation of nb-containing precipitates or β phase.

TL;DR: In this article, the results of a study of actinide surrogates in a nuclear borosilicate glass to understand the effect of processing conditions (temperature and oxidizing versus reducing conditions) on the solubility limits of these elements were discussed.

TL;DR: In this article, the terminal solid solubility during the dissolution of hydrides at heatup (TSSD) and during the precipitation of hydides at cooldown (TSSP) for hydrogenated Zircaloy-2 and high Fe Ziraloy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements have been carried out in the temperature range of 50-600 °C.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the highly efficient master curve shifts (MC-ΔT) method to measure and apply cleavage fracture toughness, KJc(T), data and show that it is applicable to 9Cr martensitic steels.

TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that molybdate groups are not directly linked to the borosilicate network but rather located within alkali and alkaline-earth rich domains in the glass.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present experimental results on hydrogen blister formation on powder metallurgy tungsten (PM-W) surface under low energy (1021 m−2 ǫs−1) hydrogen plasma irradiation in a divertor plasma simulator-NAGDIS-I.

TL;DR: In this paper, the second order,rate constant for the reaction between H2O2 and UO2 has been determined to 8 x 10(-7 ) for aqueous suspension of uO2 powder.

TL;DR: In this paper, new fit formulae for the energy and angular dependencies of the sputtering yield are proposed, which give a better description of yield data, especially near the threshold for energy dependence and at low mass ratios for the angular dependence.

TL;DR: A simulated sodium bearing waste (SBW) was successfully vitrified in iron phosphate glasses (IPG) at a maximum waste loading of 40 wt% using conventional and cold crucible induction melting (CCIM) techniques.

TL;DR: In this article, conditions for control of the oxygen concentration in liquid lead alloys are described using the gas phase as a control medium, and the data obtained are employed to estimate the solubility of oxygen in the Pb 45 Bi 55 melt between 200 and 650 °C.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of irradiation, test temperature, and strain on the deformation microstructures of a 316LN stainless steel have been investigated using a disk-bend method and transmission electron microscopy.