Showing papers in "Marine Pollution Bulletin in 1995"

TL;DR: It is not valid to compare absolute accumulated metal concentrations in biomonitors interspecifically, although interspecific comparisions of rank orders do allow cross correlations of relative bioavailabilities of heavy metals to different biomonitor at the same sites.

TL;DR: The authors in this paper show that some 85% of phosphorus, 80-88% of carbon and 52-95% of nitrogen input into a marine fish culture system as feed may be lost into the environment through feed wastage, fish excretion, faeces production and respiration.

TL;DR: In the case of the Exxon Valdez spill, the largest and most thoroughly studied application of bioremediation, the application of fertilizer (slow release or oleophilic) increased rates of biodegradation 3-5 times as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, an analysis of the stoichiometry of dissolved nutrients in 10 large world rivers, Amazon, Changjiang, Huanghe, Mackenzie, Mississippi, Po, Rhine, Seine, Yukon and Zaire, and in two river-dominated coastal ecosystems prone to eutrophication, the northern Adriatic Sea and the northern Gulf of Mexico, is presented.

TL;DR: In this article, the distribution of 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in seawater and surface sediments of the Baltic Sea was investigated between 1992 and 1994.

TL;DR: It is concluded that Victoria Harbour is more polluted than Xiamen Harbour, and the structure of the benthic community provides further evidence to support this claim.

TL;DR: A contemporary biomarker approach is outlined and new techniques are described for measuring physiological and behavioural parameters, and biomarkers which indicate changes in Darwinian fitness are discussed.

TL;DR: There is substantial evidence that tributyltin (TBT) contamination has decreased following the introduction of legislation prohibiting the use of TBT-based paints on vessels less than 25 m in length as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, the value of salt marsh as a buffer outside sea walls is appraised and a minimum value is placed on salt marsh in its capacity as a sea defence and its use and non-use values are discussed.

TL;DR: The National Status & Trends (NS&T, 1986-1993) and International Mussel Watch (IMW, 1991-1992) programs provide a good coverage of a broad range of environmental conditions along the North, Central and South American coasts.

TL;DR: A review of trace metal uptake over the last 30 years, evidence is sought for specific mechanisms controlling transepithelial metal uptake or loss, and their possible relationship with pumps controlling the regulation of physiologically-important electroytes.

TL;DR: In this article, the influence of some major physico-chemical factors which control Tributyltin partitioning is clarified, and batch testing methods using 14 C-TBT and natural sediment/water systems were validated, and partitioning found to exhibit a (Freundlich) dependence on TBT concentration.

TL;DR: Some crustaceans appear able to counteract to varying degrees such physicochemical effects by what appear to be physiological responses, for example, to low salinity, and cast light on the mechanisms of trace metal uptake by crustacean.

TL;DR: For example, the authors examined the gut contents of 1799 seabirds comprising 24 species collected in 1988-1990 to assess the types and quantities of plastic particles ingested by seabird in the subarctic waters of Alaska.

TL;DR: The chemistry and bioavailability of Ag contribute to its high toxicity in marine and estuarine waters, and the environmental window of tolerance to Ag in estuaries could be narrower than for many elements.

TL;DR: Some classical and some perceived marine pollution problems, such as those involving specific metals, can now be discontinued in the face of the absence of unacceptable impacts on living organisms.

TL;DR: In this paper, a month-long cruise of the Eastern Mediterranean in the spring of 1993, litter retained in a beam trawl net, employed to sample benthic fauna, was collected.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide an overview of the approaches, the advantages and disadvantages and describes the method used by what is the largest current monitoring programme in the UK and conclude that no standard technique can be universally employed for monitoring studies but that the use of volunteers is essential to achieve a large-scale survey.

TL;DR: The first country-wide survey and laboratory experiments on imposex in Japanese gastropods has now been carried out, and the results are reported herein.

TL;DR: In this article, the distribution and abundance of marine debris were investigated on the continental shelf of the northwestern Mediterranean Sea during three oceanographic cruises undertaken between November 1993 and July 1994.

TL;DR: A broad overview of the chemistries and bioaccumulation of trace metals and organochlorines in aquatic environments is presented in this article, where the importance of the free ion is emphasized in defining the accumulation and toxicological effects of certain trace metals.

TL;DR: The distribution of tri(n-butyl)tin (TBT) was determined in marine sediments near Auckland, New Zealand as discussed by the authors, where the highest TBT concentrations were measured near a naval dry dock and close to boat washdown facilities.

TL;DR: The effects of the Agip Abruzzo oil spill (10 April 1991) on meiobenthic assemblages of the Ligurian Sea were investigated using samples collected from January 1991 to January 1992.

TL;DR: In this paper, a transfer factor (TF) calculated as the quotient between observed concentrations in the environment and an average discharge rate t years earlier, where t is the transport time, has been found for Sellafield discharges in East Greenland Current Polar Water, a water mass reflecting contaminant levels in Arctic Ocean surface water.

TL;DR: The highest documented incidence of wildlife entanglement by fishing debris is for the Australian fur seal in Bass Strait and off southern Tasmania, where over the period 1989–1993 approximately 1.5-2% of seals were found with neck collars.

TL;DR: Heavy metal concentrations in the yolk of eggs from the oviduct indicate the accumulation levels in female turtles, suggesting that the analysis in yolks of sea turtle eggs collected randomly from any clutch enable the estimation of the heavyMetal concentrations in nesting female turtles.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the spatial and temporal variations of heavy metal contamination in sediments of a small mangrove stand in Hong Kong by laying two transects perpendicular across the shore.

TL;DR: In this article, atmospheric and precipitation levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were measured at a rural site in southern Chesapeake Bay throughout 1991.

TL;DR: Study into the partitioning of trace metals between the dissolved phase and suspended solids in two major UK estuaries found total extractable trace metals on the Mersey suspended sediment to be a factor of two greater than that found in the Humber.

TL;DR: The distribution and abundance of larger marine debris were investigated on the continental shelf of the Bay of Biscay and in Seine Bay during six oceanographic cruises undertaken from November 1992 to September 1993 as mentioned in this paper.