Showing papers in "Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution in 2006"

TL;DR: A general correlation between molecular divergence and taxonomy is revealed, particularly high for shallow taxonomic levels allowing us to propose a COI universal crustacean threshold to help species delimitation and plead for DNA use in taxonomy.

TL;DR: Different clades may originate from different regions, such as Yunnan, South and Southwest China and/or surrounding areas (i.e., Vietnam, Burma, and Thailand), and the Indian subcontinent, which support the theory of multiple origins in South and Southeast Asia.

TL;DR: An estimate of the molecular divergence dates for all of the major primate groups is presented, based on a Bayesian analysis of approximately 59.8 kbp of genomic data from 13 primates and 6 mammalian outgroups, using a range of paleontologically supported calibration estimates.

TL;DR: The phylogenetic hypothesis suggests that neither Triticum, Aegilops, nor Triticus plus Aegilop are monophyletic, and further suggests that the polyploid wheats of common wheat and tetraploid wheat are bothopolyploid.

TL;DR: Higher-level relationships among catfishes were investigated by parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of two nuclear genes across 110 catfish species representing 36 of 37 families and Conorhynchos, confirming monophyly of Siluriformes, of most siluriform families and of a number of multifamily groups.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the L-C-P clade, which is largely unresolved, most likely originated as a consequence of an explosive radiation that fell well within the period of recent major uplifts of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau between the early Miocene to the Pleistocene.

TL;DR: Symbiotic dinoflagellates belonging to the genus Symbiodinium are found in association with a wide variety of shallow-water invertebrates and protists dwelling in tropical and subtropical coral-reef ecosystems, and the majority of extant lineages diversified since mid-Miocene, about 15 million years ago.

TL;DR: Mallatt et al. as discussed by the authors used 28S and 18S rRNA gene sequences to classify arthropods and their kin, and showed that hexapods are terrestrial crustaceans and maxillopods are not monophyletic.

TL;DR: The monophyly of Trifolium is confirmed, a new infrageneric classification of the genus is proposed, and a single origin of all North and South American species is hypothesized, while the species of sub-Saharan Africa may originate from three separate dispersal events.

TL;DR: A new method, modified complex indel coding is described that aims at maximizing the phylogenetic information retained from unambiguously aligned sequence regions or regions where the principal relative position of gaps to one another can be safely established.

TL;DR: The phylogenetic analyses support the existence of a major dichotomy within Arthropoda, separating Pancrustacea and Paradoxopoda, and it is recommended to select taxa and genes of the mitochondrial genome for inferring phylogenetic relationships among arthropod lineages.

TL;DR: Molecular dating suggests that the family originated and radiated in central Asia during the Late Miocene, and that Odocoileini dispersed to North America during the Miocene/Pliocene boundary and underwent an adaptive radiation in South America after their Pliocene dispersal across the Isthmus of Panama.

TL;DR: The phylogeny indicates that Hemidactylus may have initially undergone rapid radiation, and long-distance dispersal is more extensive than in any other reptilian genus.

TL;DR: The failure of these mitochondrial genes as well as previous 18S rDNA studies to resolve many of the deeper nodes within the tree suggest that octocorals underwent a rapid radiation and that large amounts of sequence data will be required in order to resolve the basal relationships within the clade.

TL;DR: The estimates of pitviper phylogeny suggest that nearly all recently proposed generic reallocations appear valid, although certain Old and New World genera remain poly- or paraphyletic and require further taxonomic revision.

TL;DR: The hypothesis posits that pinnipeds originated on the North American continent with early otarioid and otariid divergences taking place in the northeast Pacific and those of the phocids in coastal areas of southeast N America for later dispersal to colder environments in the N Atlantic and the Arctic Basin, and in Antarctic waters.

TL;DR: It is inferred that Manataria is closely related to Melanitini; Palaeonympha belongs to Euptychiina; Oressinoma, Orsotriaena and Coenonympha group with the Hypocystina; Miller's (1968); and Parargina is polyphyletic and its components group with multiple distantly related lineages.

TL;DR: Fossil-based predictions of the age of the family Culicidae are in better agreement with dates inferred from protein-coding genes, and existing evidence does not unequivocally favor one of the alternatives.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the inclusion of LSU rDNA and a wider taxon sampling greatly improves resolution of the Helotiales phylogeny, however, the usefulness of rDNA in resolving the deep relationships within the Leotiomycetes is limited.

TL;DR: Biogeographic analysis based on this phylogeny is consistent with an Asian origin for the family, but rejects the long-standing hypothesis of South American tortoises originating in North America, and support Africa as the ancestral continental area for all testudinids except Manouria and Gopherus.

TL;DR: Divergence time estimations using both local molecular clock and Bayesian approaches suggest the families diverged from one another over a short period of geological time in the late Oligocene-early Miocene.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the Boidae is not monophyletic, and its current division into three subfamilies does not accurately reflect evolutionary history, and the evolutionary relationships are better reflected by current geographic distributions and tectonic history than by the morphological characters that have long served as the foundation of boid phylogeny.

TL;DR: It is suggested that Picea originated in North America, and that its present distribution could stem from two times of dispersal from North America to Asia by the Beringian land bridge, and then from Asia to Europe.

TL;DR: Pines comprise one of the largest coniferous genera, are distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere, and have an abundant fossil record, which postulates a Mesozoic origin for the genus, east-west expansions across Laurasia, and retraction into Eocene refugia.

TL;DR: Different methods of empirically delimiting species boundaries in the salt water rotifer Brachionus plicatilis are explored by comparing reproductive data to phylogenetic data, indicating the existence of at least 14 species--the highest estimate for the group thus far.

TL;DR: This study represents the most comprehensive sampling to date of the Caniformia in a molecular study and contains the most complete molecular phylogeny for the Procyonidae.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the seven entities within the T. caespitum/impurum complex represent seven species, and neotypes are designated and redescribe the two species in terms of morphology and mtDNA.

TL;DR: This is the first taxon-dense analysis of the Sylvioidea based on sequence data (nuclear myoglobin intron II and mitochondrial cytochrome b gene), which investigates the interrelationships among the four "sylvioid" clades, as well as the relationships within the largest of these clades.

TL;DR: Molecular variance analyses showed differential genetic structuring for these two closely related species and patterns of isolation by distance was observed in L. japonicus, suggesting that L. maculatus is in genetic equilibrium.

TL;DR: The preferred phylogeny based on an analysis of the combined data (excluding the introgressed mtDNA data) provides a new framework for interpreting character evolution and biogeography within Phrynosoma and proposes a phylogenetic taxonomy highlighting four clades.