Showing papers in "Physiology & Behavior in 1995"

TL;DR: A modest association between phase of estrous cycle, acquisition, and postacquisition performance when the task is novel is indicated, suggesting estrus-associated decrements in acquisition may account for previous discrepancies among studies of sex differences in spatial ability.

TL;DR: Results indicate that investigators must consider housing conditions as an intervening variable that is likely to differentially affect behaviors of male and female rats.

TL;DR: Pregnant rats fed the same diets throughout gestation and lactation and were sacrificed at weaning weighed more, had more body fat, higher liver weight, liver lipid content, and higher blood glucose and triglyceride levels than CHP weanlings, and the long-term effects of these metabolic abnormalities need to be further examined.

TL;DR: The social discrimination procedure enables even in sexually naive adult male rats the detection of juvenile recognition abilities which seem to be masked in the social recognition test by sexual/aggressive behavior-motivated investigation.

TL;DR: In nutrition studies involving women subjects where the menstrual cycle phase is not controlled, hormonally induced changes in food selection and intake may mask the often considerably smaller changes in response to experimental variables in appetite research.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the validity and reliability of sucrose consumption as an hedonic measure within the context of exposure to chronic unpredictable mild stress must be questioned.

TL;DR: Amylin inhibits feeding by facilitating meal-ending satiety processes by reducing the size of the first postdeprivation meal without affecting intrameal feeding rate or the size or timing of subsequent meals.

TL;DR: The results demonstrate the importance of prolonged mating for the induction of pair bonding in the monogamous male and they suggest that increases in aggression and affiliation are associated with decreased fearfulness in pair bonded males.

TL;DR: The results of the present study suggest a higher innate degree of anxiety in sP than in sNP rats and suggest self-medication of anxiety as a possible factor promoting voluntary ethanol consumption in s P rats.

TL;DR: Results are consistent with the hypothesis that central insulin acts by altering sensitivity to satiety agents and enhanced the anorexic effect of Cholecystokinin.

TL;DR: It is confirmed that CMS induces a depressive-like state in rats as well as the validity of the FSL rat as a genetic model of depression, and the effect of stress on the immune system can be monitored by measuring the complement CH50 response.

TL;DR: The results demonstrate that carbachol-induced ultrasonic calls have behavioural significance for other conspecifics and could serve as an alarm call in a similar way to naturally produced 22 kHz vocalization.

TL;DR: A principal component analysis confirmed that the behavior recorded in the two anxiety tests does not reflect the same psychological state, and showed that emotional memory is linked to "state" but not "trait" anxiety.

TL;DR: Data suggest that inescapable shock does not disturb response-outcome associations, but may result from the induction of a perseverative response style, however, it appears that the mechanisms responsible for an interference of performance may not be uniform across strains.

TL;DR: It is suggested that given the variability of the performance of mice across both strains and laboratories, rat performance could be used to provide a baseline for comparative purposes and species differences in preparedness to learn are discussed.

TL;DR: It is found that ambient temperature, water consumption and frequency of drug use affect the hyperthermia which follows MDMA administration, and chronic dosing produced sensitization of both hyperthermic and hyperkinetic responses.

TL;DR: The results suggest that exercise might be used to promote circadian adaptation to night shift work, and there was no relationship in the exercise group that facilitated temperature rhythm phase shifts regardless of circadian type.

TL;DR: The authors found an age-related decrease in serum testosterone levels of P8 mice 4 and 12 months of age, but only a 26% decrease between R1 mice of the same ages.

TL;DR: It is suggested that nutritive and nonnutritive sweeteners in solution are not adequate stimuli for the elicitation of CPIR.

TL;DR: Ventral nipping and lateral fight appeared as the two most important in promoting association with metabolism in the cichlid fish Nile tilapia and the test of canonical correlation showed significant association between some agonistic profiles and metabolism.

TL;DR: Anesthesia of the chorda tympani abolishes that inhibition and leads to perception of increased taste intensities from areas innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve, which supports Halpern and Nelson's release-of-inhibition hypothesis.

TL;DR: The studies reported here addressed the question of whether the pungent principle in chilies, capsaicin, suppresses taste and flavor intensity and found high correlations between ratings of sweetness and flavor, suggesting that perceptual confusion between the two qualities may have been responsible for the flavor suppression.

TL;DR: A path analysis showed no direct effect of the number of others on meal size, but revealed that social facilitation of spontaneous meal size was mediated by meal duration.

TL;DR: Behavioral and anatomical data support MCA occlusion as a model of ischemia, and elucidate important factors that should be controlled for in characterizing the MCA-induced neuropathological alterations.

TL;DR: The results underline the importance of the main olfactory system for the development of adequate maternal behavior in sheep and show that experience can compensate for the loss of o aroma information.

TL;DR: It is shown that social behavior in juvenile rats, as in adult rats, can be influenced by light level and familiarity to the test cage.

TL;DR: RLA/ Verh rats are more sensitive, as compared to their RHA/Verh counterparts, to the conflict involved in the shock-induced suppression of drinking paradigm, as well as in a hyponeophagia test, giving additional support to the contention that RLA/ verh rats present higher anxiety (emotionality) than their R HA/VerH counterparts.

TL;DR: The results suggest that restrained subjects simply eat less because they require less with cognitive restraint as a secondary consequence.

TL;DR: This work has measured the first example of a sexual dimorphism in sensitivity to a mammalian pheromone in pigs, and found that female pigs' detection threshold was a dilution fivefold lower than the threshold for intact males.

TL;DR: The results show that food-demand rhythms synchronize to periodic food availability under constant light conditions (DD) and that there is a partial coupling between food-entrained and light-ent trained activity under conflicting zeitgebers (LD 13:13 h and RF 4:20 h), suggesting the existence of a feeding entrainable oscillator (FEO) in addition to the master light entrainables oscillators (LEO).