Showing papers in "Plant Science in 2012"

TL;DR: The genes that govern the biosynthesis of antioxidant flavonoids are present in liverworts and mosses and are mostly up-regulated as a consequence of severe stress, which suggests that the antioxidant Flavonoid metabolism is a robust trait of terrestrial plants.

TL;DR: New evidence shows that anatomical traits, such as cell wall thickness and chloroplast distribution are amongst the stronger determinants of mesophyll conductance, although rapid variations in response to environmental changes might be regulated by other factors such as aquaporin conductance.

TL;DR: High Cd concentration perturbs the L.C. sativum growth by interfering with the photosynthetic machinery and disrupting the coordination between carbon, N and S metabolism; whereas, the increase in ATP-S activity and S content suggests the up-regulation of S assimilation pathway for possible Cd tolerance in coordination with enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes and GSH.

TL;DR: Apple fruit is known to accumulate GABA under controlled atmosphere storage and therefore could serve as a model system for investigating the relative contribution of putrescine and glutamate to GABA production, and may directly influence the activities of diamine oxidase and 4-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase.

TL;DR: Results indicate that WRKY46, WRKY70, and WRKY53 positively regulate basal resistance to P. syringae; and that they play overlapping and synergetic roles in plant basal defense.

TL;DR: Non-conserved events indicate that alternative splicing represents an evolutionary strategy that rapidly increases genome plasticity and develops new gene functions, along with other mechanisms such as gene duplication.

TL;DR: Conifers' ability to rapidly repair embolisms may rely on having nearby parenchyma cells, which could explain the need for greater safety margins in conifer wood as compared to angiosperms.

TL;DR: The role of the C(2)H( 2) class of the zinc finger proteins in regulating abiotic and biotic stress tolerance in the plants is highlighted.

TL;DR: Current views on the biochemistry and genetics of the core isoprenoid metabolism in land plants and in the major algal phyla are compared and some of the most pressing open questions are highlighted.

TL;DR: The present review considers the overall strategies and the mechanisms involved in the desiccation tolerance in the first part and will focus on the effects on photosynthesis, energy metabolism and antioxidative stress defenses in the second part.

TL;DR: It is suggested that sodium hydrosulfide pretreatment could improve heat tolerance in tobacco suspension cultured cells and the acquisition of this heat tolerance requires the entry of extracellular Ca(2+) into cells across the plasma membrane and the mediation of intracellular CaM.

TL;DR: The current review focuses on the recent progress in understanding leaf rolling in relation to abiotic and biotic stress factors, the role of signal molecules, and the mechanisms of gene regulation.

TL;DR: The range of phenotypic assays that have been used to characterize thermotolerance phenotypes in both Arabidopsis and crop plants are examined to deepen the understanding of the molecular genetics of plant thermot tolerance.

TL;DR: This review of strategies used for the Fe biofortification of rice, including conventional breeding and directed genetic modification, which offer the most rapid way to develop Fe-rich rice plants, concludes that interdisciplinary research is needed for future success in this area.

TL;DR: It is proposed that chlorophyll fluorescence emission reports well on the level of water stress and can be used to identify elevated drought tolerance in high-throughput screens for selection of resistant genotypes.

TL;DR: Results suggest that in C. spinosa, antioxidant defence system was insufficient to suppress the increasing ROS production under stress condition, and inC. gynandra, antioxidant system was able to cope with ROS formation under drought stress.

TL;DR: Additional targets for genetic modification to enhance digestibility of roughage cell walls and improve roughages for use as biofuel feedstocks are discussed; including manipulating cell wall polysaccharide composition, novel lignin structures, reduced lign in/polysaccharides cross-linking, smaller lignIn polymers, enhanced development of non-lignified tissues, and targeting specific cell types.

TL;DR: This work critically assesses the evidence for the existence of self/non-self and kin recognition at the root level in plants and proposes some plausible physiological mechanisms that may underlie these responses.

TL;DR: The data suggested a complicated molecular mechanism of maize resistance against S. reiliana and suggested that GWAS is a useful approach for identifying causal genetic factors for head smut resistance in maize.

TL;DR: This review focuses on plant commensal bacteria, which could represent a rich source of bacteria beneficial to plants, alternatively termed plant probiotics and should be considered in future agricultural applications.

TL;DR: The fact that the roots of these species form rhizobial and mycorrhizal associations makes the annual L. japonicus a suitable model plant for legumes, particularly in studies directed to recognize the mechanisms intervening in the tolerance to abiotic factors in the field, where these interactions occur.

TL;DR: This study compares transcriptional changes in tolerant US-897 and susceptible 'Cleopatra' mandarin seedlings in response to infection with Las using the Affymetrix GeneChip citrus array, with the main objective of identifying genes associated with tolerance to HLB.

TL;DR: It is suggested that IAA-IAA interactions are largely indiscriminant, and a model is introduced for how ARF and IAA proteins might interact with one another through a ubiquitin-like β-grasp fold.

TL;DR: It was discovered that the activity of ROS-scavenging enzymes and proline content, as well as the transcript levels of many ROS scavenging genes were significantly increased in transgenic plants compared to the wild type plants under drought stress conditions.

TL;DR: How different leaf anatomical features influence internal light distribution, delivery of CO(2) to Rubisco and water relations, and accordingly recommend features to engineer for increased leaf photosynthesis under different environments is reviewed.

TL;DR: It is concluded that OsOAT is a target gene of SNAC2 and confers stress tolerance mainly through enhancing ROS-scavenging capacity and Pro pre-accumulation and is responsive to multiple stresses and phytohormone treatments.

TL;DR: These hypotheses suggest how hyperaccumulator plants may have evolved in response to plant-herbivore interactions, and suggest that toxic element levels below those used to definehyperaccumulation may be ecologically effective.

TL;DR: The results reflect that the technique of grafting using Zarina as scion can be useful and effective for improving the antioxidant response in tomato under water stress.

TL;DR: Findings indicate organs in close physical proximity undergo vastly different transcriptional programs in response to abiotic stress and developmental cues, and ABA homeostasis is differentially regulated at the whole plant level.

TL;DR: A new family of soluble ABA receptors, named PYR/PYL/RCAR, has emerged as ABA sensors able to inhibit the activity of specific protein phosphatases type-2C (PP2Cs) in an ABA-dependent manner.